Question 1

Intracellular inclusions called _____ seen in nervous tissue are indicative of rabies.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Intracellular inclusions called _____ seen in nervous...

Question 2

Why do rhinoviruses infect the upper respiratory tract, particularly the nose, but not the lower respiratory tract?

Accepted Answer

A) They are unable to attach to receptors on the pulmonary cells in the lower respiratory tract. 
B) They replicate most effectively at the cooler temperatures of the upper respiratory tract. 
C) The prevalence of alveolar macrophages in the lower respiratory tract prevents them from becoming established there. 
D) IgA antibodies in lower respiratory tract secretions prevent them from becoming established in the lower respiratory tract. 
A) They are unable to attach to receptors on the pulmonary cells in the lower respiratory tract. 
B) They replicate most effectively at the cooler temperatures of the upper respiratory tract. 
C) The prevalence of alveolar macrophages in the lower respiratory tract prevents them from becoming established there. 
D) IgA antibodies in lower respiratory tract secretions prevent them from becoming established in the lower respiratory tract.

Question 3

What does AIDS stand for?

Accepted Answer

A) aids induced disease 
B) aids in disguises 
C) acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 
D) human acquired immunodeficiency syndromes 
A) aids induced disease 
B) aids in disguises 
C) acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 
D) human acquired immunodeficiency syndromes

Question 4

The enzyme associated with the influenza virus that hydrolyzes the protective mucous coating of the respiratory tract is

Accepted Answer

A) catalase. 
B) reverse transcriptase. 
C) hyaluronidase. 
D) neuraminidase. 
E) kinase. 
A) catalase. 
B) reverse transcriptase. 
C) hyaluronidase. 
D) neuraminidase. 
E) kinase.

Question 5

All of the following are true of prions and prion diseases, except

Accepted Answer

A) prions are not readily destroyed by routine sterilization methods. 
B) prion diseases are diagnosed by an indirect ELISA test that detects antibody to prions. 
C) there are no medications that can halt the progression of prion diseases. 
D) prion diseases are all neurodegenerative diseases. 
E) prions are composed exclusively of protein. 
A) prions are not readily destroyed by routine sterilization methods. 
B) prion diseases are diagnosed by an indirect ELISA test that detects antibody to prions. 
C) there are no medications that can halt the progression of prion diseases. 
D) prion diseases are all neurodegenerative diseases. 
E) prions are composed exclusively of protein.

Question 6

The most effective HIV treatment includes

Accepted Answer

A) several different drugs designed to inhibit reverse transcriptase. 
B) several different drugs each directed at different enzymes (reverse transcriptase, integrase, fusion, and protease). 
C) several different protease inhibitors. 
D) several different fusion inhibitors and reverse transcriptase inhibitors. 
A) several different drugs designed to inhibit reverse transcriptase. 
B) several different drugs each directed at different enzymes (reverse transcriptase, integrase, fusion, and protease). 
C) several different protease inhibitors. 
D) several different fusion inhibitors and reverse transcriptase inhibitors.

Question 7

Each of the following viruses or diseases are transmitted via the oral-fecal route, except

Accepted Answer

A) Hepatitis A virus. 
B) poliovirus. 
C) rotavirus. 
D) Hepatitis C virus. 
E) norovirus. 
A) Hepatitis A virus. 
B) poliovirus. 
C) rotavirus. 
D) Hepatitis C virus. 
E) norovirus.

Question 8

Norwalk agent is

Accepted Answer

A) a Calicivirus. 
B) transmitted oral-fecally. 
C) sometimes acquired from contaminated water and shellfish. 
D) a common enteric virus of gastroenteritis. 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) a Calicivirus. 
B) transmitted oral-fecally. 
C) sometimes acquired from contaminated water and shellfish. 
D) a common enteric virus of gastroenteritis. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 9

All the following pertain to measles (rubeola), except

Accepted Answer

A) it is transmitted by direct contact with the rash. 
B) humans are the only reservoir for the pathogen. 
C) secondary bacterial otitis media and sinusitis occur. 
D) it may involve a fatal complication called subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSP
E) . 
E) symptoms include dry cough, sore throat, fever, and conjunctivitis. 
A) it is transmitted by direct contact with the rash. 
B) humans are the only reservoir for the pathogen. 
C) secondary bacterial otitis media and sinusitis occur. 
D) it may involve a fatal complication called subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSP
E) . 
E) symptoms include dry cough, sore throat, fever, and conjunctivitis.

Question 10

The primary transmission route for acquiring agents of the common cold is by contact with hands and fomites contaminated with the nasal discharges of an infected person.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

A client displays symptoms of fatigue, diarrhea, weight loss, neurological changes, and enlarged lymph nodes.The client thought they had the flu because they felt ill, then felt better over the last 5 years.However, this cycle of feeling tired has led to fever, fatigue, sore throat, and night sweats with a rash.The patient also has thrush.Which result indicates the causative agent of AIDS?

Accepted Answer

A) high level of CD4 T-cells 
B) detection of HIV antigen 
C) presence of Candida albicans 
D) isolation of herpes simplex from skin and mucous membrane ulcers 
E) isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis 
A) high level of CD4 T-cells 
B) detection of HIV antigen 
C) presence of Candida albicans 
D) isolation of herpes simplex from skin and mucous membrane ulcers 
E) isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 12

Which is not a disease caused by arenaviruses?

Accepted Answer

A) lymphocytic choriomeningitis 
B) Lassa fever 
C) Hantaviruses 
D) Bolivian hemorrhagic fever 
E) Argentine hemorrhagic fever 
A) lymphocytic choriomeningitis 
B) Lassa fever 
C) Hantaviruses 
D) Bolivian hemorrhagic fever 
E) Argentine hemorrhagic fever

Question 13

The main route for transmission of HIV in most parts of the world is through

Accepted Answer

A) intravenous drug use. 
B) homosexual sex. 
C) blood transfusion. 
D) heterosexual sex. 
E) blood products. 
A) intravenous drug use. 
B) homosexual sex. 
C) blood transfusion. 
D) heterosexual sex. 
E) blood products.

Question 14

Coronaviruses cause

Accepted Answer

A) fever, rash, and nasal discharge. 
B) meningitis. 
C) measles. 
D) croup. 
E) common cold and SARS. 
A) fever, rash, and nasal discharge. 
B) meningitis. 
C) measles. 
D) croup. 
E) common cold and SARS.

Question 15

Cocksackieviruses

Accepted Answer

A) are paramyxoviurses. 
B) are the etiological agents of hairy-cell leukemia. 
C) can cause hand-foot-mouth disease. 
D) are retroviruses. 
E) replicate in helper T-cells. 
A) are paramyxoviurses. 
B) are the etiological agents of hairy-cell leukemia. 
C) can cause hand-foot-mouth disease. 
D) are retroviruses. 
E) replicate in helper T-cells.

Question 16

All of the following are important bunyavirus diseases, except

Accepted Answer

A) Hantavirus. 
B) Rift Valley fever. 
C) California encephalitis. 
D) severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). 
E) Korean hemorrhagic fever. 
A) Hantavirus. 
B) Rift Valley fever. 
C) California encephalitis. 
D) severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). 
E) Korean hemorrhagic fever.

Question 17

Compare and contrast Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) variant CJD, and kuru with regard to: a) causative agent, b) transmission, c) reservoir, d) pathogenesis and symptoms, and e) methods for prevention.

Accepted Answer

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), variant

Question 18

Guillain-Barré syndrome involves varying degrees of demyelination of the peripheral nervous system leading to muscle weakness of extremities and possible paralysis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Yellow fever and Dengue fever are

Accepted Answer

A) caused by arboviruses. 
B) caused by viruses that disrupt capillaries and blood clotting. 
C) zoonoses. 
D) transmitted by a mosquito vector. 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) caused by arboviruses. 
B) caused by viruses that disrupt capillaries and blood clotting. 
C) zoonoses. 
D) transmitted by a mosquito vector. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 20

Which is incorrect about rabies?

Accepted Answer

A) It is a zoonotic disease. 
B) Wild populations of bats, skunks, raccoons, cats, and canines are primary reservoirs. 
C) Transmission can involve bites, scratches, and inhalation. 
D) The average incubation in humans is one week. 
E) Symptoms include anxiety, agitation, muscle spasms, convulsions, and paralysis. 
A) It is a zoonotic disease. 
B) Wild populations of bats, skunks, raccoons, cats, and canines are primary reservoirs. 
C) Transmission can involve bites, scratches, and inhalation. 
D) The average incubation in humans is one week. 
E) Symptoms include anxiety, agitation, muscle spasms, convulsions, and paralysis.

Exam 25: The Rna Viruses That Infect Humans

Intracellular inclusions called _____ seen in nervous tissue are indicative of rabies.

Why do rhinoviruses infect the upper respiratory tract, particularly the nose, but not the lower respiratory tract?

What does AIDS stand for?

The enzyme associated with the influenza virus that hydrolyzes the protective mucous coating of the respiratory tract is

All of the following are true of prions and prion diseases, except

The most effective HIV treatment includes

Each of the following viruses or diseases are transmitted via the oral-fecal route, except

Norwalk agent is

All the following pertain to measles (rubeola), except

The primary transmission route for acquiring agents of the common cold is by contact with hands and fomites contaminated with the nasal discharges of an infected person.

Which is not a disease caused by arenaviruses?

The main route for transmission of HIV in most parts of the world is through

Coronaviruses cause

Cocksackieviruses

All of the following are important bunyavirus diseases, except

Compare and contrast Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) variant CJD, and kuru with regard to: a) causative agent, b) transmission, c) reservoir, d) pathogenesis and symptoms, and e) methods for prevention.

Guillain-Barré syndrome involves varying degrees of demyelination of the peripheral nervous system leading to muscle weakness of extremities and possible paralysis.

Yellow fever and Dengue fever are

Which is incorrect about rabies?

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods of Studying Microorganisms

A Survey of Prokaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

A Survey of Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to Viruses

Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

An Introduction to Microbial Metabolism: the Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering: a Revolution in Molecular Biology

Physical and Chemical Agents for Microbial Control

Drugs, Microbes, Host--The Elements of Chemotherapy

Microbe-Human Interactions: Infection and Disease

An Introduction to Host Defenses and Innate Immunities

Adaptive, Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

Procedures for Identifying Pathogens and Diagnosing Infections

The Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Cocci of Medical Importance

The Gram-Positive Bacilli of Medical Importance

The Gram-Negative Bacilli of Medical Importance

Miscellaneous Bacterial Agents of Disease

The Fungi of Medical Importance

The Parasites of Medical Importance

Introduction to Viruses That Infect Humans: the Dna Viruses

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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