Question 1

Explain the meaning of the term critical mass in relation to the use of a chain reaction for the production of nuclear power.

Accepted Answer

Fission reactions generally produce more

Question 2

The fission reaction exploited in nuclear power stations involves

Accepted Answer

A)  neutron bombardment of uranium-235. 
B)  neutron bombardment of uranium-238. 
C)  neutron bombardment of plutonium-239. 
D)  x-ray irradiation of plutonium-241. 
E)  x-ray irradiation of uranium-235. 
A)  neutron bombardment of uranium-235. 
B)  neutron bombardment of uranium-238. 
C)  neutron bombardment of plutonium-239. 
D)  x-ray irradiation of plutonium-241. 
E)  x-ray irradiation of uranium-235.

Question 3

All of these are common modes of radioactive decay except

Accepted Answer

A)  positron capture 
B)  positron emission 
C)  electron capture 
D)  beta emission 
E)  alpha emission 
A)  positron capture 
B)  positron emission 
C)  electron capture 
D)  beta emission 
E)  alpha emission

Question 4

Based solely on the fact that, for elements beyond Bi-209 all nuclei are unstable and radioactive, we can conclusively determine that

Accepted Answer

A)  in order to be radioactive, an element must have a mass of at least 210 
B)  polonium-210 is radioactive, but polonium-208 and polonium-209 are not radioactive 
C)  both uranium-235 and uranium-238 are radioactive 
D)  phosporus-32 and sulfur-35 are not radioactive 
E)  lead does not have radioactive isotopes 
A)  in order to be radioactive, an element must have a mass of at least 210 
B)  polonium-210 is radioactive, but polonium-208 and polonium-209 are not radioactive 
C)  both uranium-235 and uranium-238 are radioactive 
D)  phosporus-32 and sulfur-35 are not radioactive 
E)  lead does not have radioactive isotopes

Question 5

Major technical obstacle(s) to the achievement of a controlled fusion reaction is (are)
I. attaining a temperature of at least 1.0 ´ 108 K
II. containment of the plasma long enough to generate a net output of energy
III. recovering the energy in some useable form

Accepted Answer

A)  I only 
B)  II only 
C)  III only 
D)  I, II, and III 
E)  I and II only 
A)  I only 
B)  II only 
C)  III only 
D)  I, II, and III 
E)  I and II only

Question 6

How many Bq correspond to an activity of 7.4 mCi? (1 mCi = 3.7 × 107 dps and 1 Bq = 1 dps.)

Accepted Answer

A)  5.0 × 10-6 
B)  2.0 × 10-5 
C)  2.0 × 105 
D)  2.7 × 105 
E)  5.0 × 106 
A)  5.0 × 10-6 
B)  2.0 × 10-5 
C)  2.0 × 105 
D)  2.7 × 105 
E)  5.0 × 106

Question 7

Alpha particles are best described as

Accepted Answer

A)  neutral particles that weigh approximately one atomic mass unit. 
B)  positive particles that are identical to the nucleus of an atom of 4He. 
C)  electrons ejected at high speeds from a radioactive nucleus. 
D)  high-speed particles similar in size to an electron, but oppositely charged. 
E)  a form of electromagnetic radiation. 
A)  neutral particles that weigh approximately one atomic mass unit. 
B)  positive particles that are identical to the nucleus of an atom of 4He. 
C)  electrons ejected at high speeds from a radioactive nucleus. 
D)  high-speed particles similar in size to an electron, but oppositely charged. 
E)  a form of electromagnetic radiation.

Question 8

Alpha radiation consists of

Accepted Answer

A)  electromagnetic radiation 
B)  electrons ejected from inner orbitals 
C)  electrons ejected from nuclei 
D)  hydrogen nuclei ejected from nuclei 
E)  helium nuclei ejected from nuclei 
A)  electromagnetic radiation 
B)  electrons ejected from inner orbitals 
C)  electrons ejected from nuclei 
D)  hydrogen nuclei ejected from nuclei 
E)  helium nuclei ejected from nuclei

Question 9

Beta emission can best be described as involving

Accepted Answer

A)  emission from an unstable nucleus of a fragment containing two protons and two neutrons 
B)  annihilation of a beta particle by a positron 
C)  capture of an electron by the nucleus, and transformation of a proton into a neutron 
D)  transformation of a neutron into a electron, and a proton that is ejected from the nucleus 
E)  transformation of a neutron into a proton, and an electron that is ejected from the nucleus 
A)  emission from an unstable nucleus of a fragment containing two protons and two neutrons 
B)  annihilation of a beta particle by a positron 
C)  capture of an electron by the nucleus, and transformation of a proton into a neutron 
D)  transformation of a neutron into a electron, and a proton that is ejected from the nucleus 
E)  transformation of a neutron into a proton, and an electron that is ejected from the nucleus

Question 10

The SI unit of effective radiation dose is the

Accepted Answer

A)  gray 
B)  rad 
C)  rem 
D)  roentgen 
E)  sievert 
A)  gray 
B)  rad 
C)  rem 
D)  roentgen 
E)  sievert

Question 11

Calculate the binding energy per nucleon for bromine-81, with a mass of 80.9163 amu. The mass of a proton is 1.007825 amu and the mass of a neutron is 1.008665 amu.

Accepted Answer

Mass of 35 protons = (35 × 1.007825) amu

Question 12

Beyond which element do all other elements have nuclei that are unstable and radioactive?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nb-93 
B)  In-115 
C)  La-139 
D)  W-184 
E)  Bi-209 
A)  Nb-93 
B)  In-115 
C)  La-139 
D)  W-184 
E)  Bi-209

Question 13

In the reaction shown, the radiation produced is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha particle 
B)  beta particle 
C)  gamma ray 
D)  neutron 
E)  positron 
A)  alpha particle 
B)  beta particle 
C)  gamma ray 
D)  neutron 
E)  positron

Explain the meaning of the term critical mass in relation to the use of a chain reaction for the production of nuclear power.

The fission reaction exploited in nuclear power stations involves

All of these are common modes of radioactive decay except

Based solely on the fact that, for elements beyond Bi-209 all nuclei are unstable and radioactive, we can conclusively determine that

Major technical obstacle(s) to the achievement of a controlled fusion reaction is (are) I. attaining a temperature of at least 1.0 ´ 108 K II. containment of the plasma long enough to generate a net output of energy III. recovering the energy in some useable form

How many Bq correspond to an activity of 7.4 mCi? (1 mCi = 3.7 × 10⁷ dps and 1 Bq = 1 dps.)

Alpha particles are best described as

Alpha radiation consists of

Beta emission can best be described as involving

The SI unit of effective radiation dose is the

Calculate the binding energy per nucleon for bromine-81, with a mass of 80.9163 amu. The mass of a proton is 1.007825 amu and the mass of a neutron is 1.008665 amu.

Beyond which element do all other elements have nuclei that are unstable and radioactive?

In the reaction shown, the radiation produced is a(n)

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Exam 19: Nuclear Chemistry

Explain the meaning of the term critical mass in relation to the use of a chain reaction for the production of nuclear power.

The fission reaction exploited in nuclear power stations involves

All of these are common modes of radioactive decay except

Based solely on the fact that, for elements beyond Bi-209 all nuclei are unstable and radioactive, we can conclusively determine that

Major technical obstacle(s) to the achievement of a controlled fusion reaction is (are) I. attaining a temperature of at least 1.0 ´ 108 K II. containment of the plasma long enough to generate a net output of energy III. recovering the energy in some useable form

How many Bq correspond to an activity of 7.4 mCi? (1 mCi = 3.7 × 107 dps and 1 Bq = 1 dps.)

Alpha particles are best described as

Alpha radiation consists of

Beta emission can best be described as involving

The SI unit of effective radiation dose is the

Calculate the binding energy per nucleon for bromine-81, with a mass of 80.9163 amu. The mass of a proton is 1.007825 amu and the mass of a neutron is 1.008665 amu.

Beyond which element do all other elements have nuclei that are unstable and radioactive?

In the reaction shown, the radiation produced is a(n)

The Nature of Chemistry

Atoms and Elements

Chemical Compounds

Quantities of Reactants and Products

Chemical Reactions

Energy and Chemical Reactions

Electron Configurations and the Periodic Table

Covalent Bonding

Molecular Structure

Gases and the Atmosphere

Liquids, Solids, and Materials

Chemical Kinetics: Rates of Reactions

Chemical Equilibrium

The Chemistry of Solutes and Solutions

Acids and Bases

Additional Aqueous Equilibria

Thermodynamics: Directionality of Chemical Reactions

Electrochemistry and Its Applications

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How many Bq correspond to an activity of 7.4 mCi? (1 mCi = 3.7 × 10⁷ dps and 1 Bq = 1 dps.)