Question 1

In the reaction shown, Cm is known as the ____ nucleus, and Pu as the ____ nucleus.

Accepted Answer

A)  target; projectile 
B)  projectile; target 
C)  alpha; beta 
D)  parent; daughter 
E)  daughter; parent 
A)  target; projectile 
B)  projectile; target 
C)  alpha; beta 
D)  parent; daughter 
E)  daughter; parent

Question 2

A radioactive isotope that decomposes by beta particle emission loses

Accepted Answer

A)  a positron 
B)  an electron 
C)  a neutron 
D)  a proton 
E)  a helium nucleus 
A)  a positron 
B)  an electron 
C)  a neutron 
D)  a proton 
E)  a helium nucleus

Question 3

Which of the following processes is used in nuclear power plants for the production of electricity?

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha particle capture 
B)  K-electron capture 
C)  nuclear fission 
D)  nuclear fusion 
E)  electron emission 
A)  alpha particle capture 
B)  K-electron capture 
C)  nuclear fission 
D)  nuclear fusion 
E)  electron emission

Question 4

The phenomenon of radioactivity was first observed by

Accepted Answer

A)  Becquerel. 
B)  the Curies. 
C)  Marconi. 
D)  Roentgen. 
E)  Rutherford. 
A)  Becquerel. 
B)  the Curies. 
C)  Marconi. 
D)  Roentgen. 
E)  Rutherford.

Question 5

The reaction represented by the description "An atom of lead-210 decays by emission of an alpha particle" is

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 6

Radioactive decay exhibits

Accepted Answer

A)  zeroth-order kinetics 
B)    -th order kinetics 
C)  first-order kinetics 
D)  second-order kinetics 
E)  third-order kinetics 
A)  zeroth-order kinetics 
B)    -th order kinetics 
C)  first-order kinetics 
D)  second-order kinetics 
E)  third-order kinetics

Question 7

Radioactivity is emission of radiation which

Accepted Answer

A)  is always accompanied by a chemical process. 
B)  is always preceded by a chemical process. 
C)  is initiated by absorption of radiation. 
D)  is initiated by absorption of heat. 
E)  is spontaneous. 
A)  is always accompanied by a chemical process. 
B)  is always preceded by a chemical process. 
C)  is initiated by absorption of radiation. 
D)  is initiated by absorption of heat. 
E)  is spontaneous.

Question 8

Which unit allows for the varying effects of different types of radiation on human tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)  curie 
B)  gray 
C)  rad 
D)  rem 
E)  roentgen 
A)  curie 
B)  gray 
C)  rad 
D)  rem 
E)  roentgen

Question 9

A radioactive material has a half-life of 2.5 hours. The activity of a sample was measured to be 375 cps. What was the activity of the sample 6 hr, 15 min earlier?

Accepted Answer

A)  60 cps 
B)  66 cps 
C)  8.6 × 102 cps 
D)  2.1 × 103 cps 
E)  4.9 × 103 cps 
A)  60 cps 
B)  66 cps 
C)  8.6 × 102 cps 
D)  2.1 × 103 cps 
E)  4.9 × 103 cps

Question 10

What is the largest single contributor to background radiation in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  cosmic 
B)  medical X-rays 
C)  consumer products 
D)  nuclear power plants 
E)  radon 
A)  cosmic 
B)  medical X-rays 
C)  consumer products 
D)  nuclear power plants 
E)  radon

Question 11

A process for disposing of nuclear waste by converting it to an inert glass-like substance is called

Accepted Answer

A)  extraction. 
B)  incineration. 
C)  regeneration. 
D)  reprocessing. 
E)  vitrification. 
A)  extraction. 
B)  incineration. 
C)  regeneration. 
D)  reprocessing. 
E)  vitrification.

Question 12

Gamma radiation is best described as

Accepted Answer

A)  neutral particles that weigh approximately one atomic mass unit. 
B)  positive particles that are identical to the nucleus of an atom of 4He. 
C)  electrons ejected at high speeds from a radioactive nucleus. 
D)  a form of electromagnetic radiation. 
E)  high-speed particles similar in size to an electron, but oppositely charged. 
A)  neutral particles that weigh approximately one atomic mass unit. 
B)  positive particles that are identical to the nucleus of an atom of 4He. 
C)  electrons ejected at high speeds from a radioactive nucleus. 
D)  a form of electromagnetic radiation. 
E)  high-speed particles similar in size to an electron, but oppositely charged.

Question 13

The reaction represented by the description "An atom of titanium-45 decays by beta emission" is

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 14

The reaction represented by the description "An atom of metastable strontium-87 undergoes gamma decay" is

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 15

The rule that the mass number of stable isotopes is always at least twice the atomic number is true for all nuclides except hydrogen-1 and

Accepted Answer

A)  beryllium-10 
B)  helium-3 
C)  magnesium-28 
D)  strontium-90 
E)  vanadium-52 
A)  beryllium-10 
B)  helium-3 
C)  magnesium-28 
D)  strontium-90 
E)  vanadium-52

Question 16

The half-life of radon-222 is 2.8 days. How many days would it take for the activity due to radon in a tightly closed building to decrease to 2.8 % of its original value?

Accepted Answer

A)  1.0 
B)  8.9 
C)  14 
D)  17.8 
E)  100 
A)  1.0 
B)  8.9 
C)  14 
D)  17.8 
E)  100

Question 17

In the reaction shown, the radiation produced is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha particle. 
B)  positron. 
C)  beta particle. 
D)  neutron. 
E)  gamma ray. 
A)  alpha particle. 
B)  positron. 
C)  beta particle. 
D)  neutron. 
E)  gamma ray.

Question 18

Which element has only radioactive isotopes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Al 
B)  La 
C)  Li 
D)  Lr 
E)  Ir 
A)  Al 
B)  La 
C)  Li 
D)  Lr 
E)  Ir

Question 19

The force holding the protons and neutrons together in a nucleus is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  binding energy 
B)  gamma radiation 
C)  electrostatic attraction 
D)  gravity 
E)  mass defect 
A)  binding energy 
B)  gamma radiation 
C)  electrostatic attraction 
D)  gravity 
E)  mass defect

Question 20

Samples of the following isotopes in pure form, each containing the same number of atoms, are taken. After one year, which sample would still contain the most atoms of the original substance?

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium-24 (half-life 15 hours) 
B)  strontium-90 (half-life 29 years) 
C)  iodine-131 (half-life 8 days) 
D)  lead-210 (half-life 22 years) 
E)  thallium-206 (half-life 4 min) 
A)  sodium-24 (half-life 15 hours) 
B)  strontium-90 (half-life 29 years) 
C)  iodine-131 (half-life 8 days) 
D)  lead-210 (half-life 22 years) 
E)  thallium-206 (half-life 4 min)

In the reaction shown, Cm is known as the nucleus, and Pu as the nucleus.

A radioactive isotope that decomposes by beta particle emission loses

Which of the following processes is used in nuclear power plants for the production of electricity?

The phenomenon of radioactivity was first observed by

The reaction represented by the description "An atom of lead-210 decays by emission of an alpha particle" is

Radioactive decay exhibits

Radioactivity is emission of radiation which

Which unit allows for the varying effects of different types of radiation on human tissue?

A radioactive material has a half-life of 2.5 hours. The activity of a sample was measured to be 375 cps. What was the activity of the sample 6 hr, 15 min earlier?

What is the largest single contributor to background radiation in the United States?

A process for disposing of nuclear waste by converting it to an inert glass-like substance is called

Gamma radiation is best described as

The reaction represented by the description "An atom of titanium-45 decays by beta emission" is

The reaction represented by the description "An atom of metastable strontium-87 undergoes gamma decay" is

The rule that the mass number of stable isotopes is always at least twice the atomic number is true for all nuclides except hydrogen-1 and

The half-life of radon-222 is 2.8 days. How many days would it take for the activity due to radon in a tightly closed building to decrease to 2.8 % of its original value?

In the reaction shown, the radiation produced is a(n)

Which element has only radioactive isotopes?

The force holding the protons and neutrons together in a nucleus is known as

Samples of the following isotopes in pure form, each containing the same number of atoms, are taken. After one year, which sample would still contain the most atoms of the original substance?

The Nature of Chemistry

Atoms and Elements

Chemical Compounds

Quantities of Reactants and Products

Chemical Reactions

Energy and Chemical Reactions

Electron Configurations and the Periodic Table

Covalent Bonding

Molecular Structure

Gases and the Atmosphere

Liquids, Solids, and Materials

Chemical Kinetics: Rates of Reactions

Chemical Equilibrium

The Chemistry of Solutes and Solutions

Acids and Bases

Additional Aqueous Equilibria

Thermodynamics: Directionality of Chemical Reactions

Electrochemistry and Its Applications

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Exam 19: Nuclear Chemistry

In the reaction shown, Cm is known as the ____ nucleus, and Pu as the ____ nucleus.

A radioactive isotope that decomposes by beta particle emission loses

Which of the following processes is used in nuclear power plants for the production of electricity?

The phenomenon of radioactivity was first observed by

The reaction represented by the description "An atom of lead-210 decays by emission of an alpha particle" is

Radioactive decay exhibits

Radioactivity is emission of radiation which

Which unit allows for the varying effects of different types of radiation on human tissue?

A radioactive material has a half-life of 2.5 hours. The activity of a sample was measured to be 375 cps. What was the activity of the sample 6 hr, 15 min earlier?

What is the largest single contributor to background radiation in the United States?

A process for disposing of nuclear waste by converting it to an inert glass-like substance is called

Gamma radiation is best described as

The reaction represented by the description "An atom of titanium-45 decays by beta emission" is

The reaction represented by the description "An atom of metastable strontium-87 undergoes gamma decay" is

The rule that the mass number of stable isotopes is always at least twice the atomic number is true for all nuclides except hydrogen-1 and

The half-life of radon-222 is 2.8 days. How many days would it take for the activity due to radon in a tightly closed building to decrease to 2.8 % of its original value?

In the reaction shown, the radiation produced is a(n)

Which element has only radioactive isotopes?

The force holding the protons and neutrons together in a nucleus is known as

Samples of the following isotopes in pure form, each containing the same number of atoms, are taken. After one year, which sample would still contain the most atoms of the original substance?

The Nature of Chemistry

Atoms and Elements

Chemical Compounds

Quantities of Reactants and Products

Chemical Reactions

Energy and Chemical Reactions

Electron Configurations and the Periodic Table

Covalent Bonding

Molecular Structure

Gases and the Atmosphere

Liquids, Solids, and Materials

Chemical Kinetics: Rates of Reactions

Chemical Equilibrium

The Chemistry of Solutes and Solutions

Acids and Bases

Additional Aqueous Equilibria

Thermodynamics: Directionality of Chemical Reactions

Electrochemistry and Its Applications

Filters

In the reaction shown, Cm is known as the nucleus, and Pu as the nucleus.