Question 1

Where is the amino acid attached to a tRNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  3'-hydroxyl of an adenine residue 
B)  5'-hydroxyl of a uridine residue. 
C)  2'-hydroxyl of a guanine residue. 
D)  3'-hydroxyl of a cytosine residue 
E)  2'-hydroxyl of a guanine residue 
A)  3'-hydroxyl of an adenine residue 
B)  5'-hydroxyl of a uridine residue. 
C)  2'-hydroxyl of a guanine residue. 
D)  3'-hydroxyl of a cytosine residue 
E)  2'-hydroxyl of a guanine residue A

Question 2

What is the direction of translation of mRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  bidirectional 
B)  5' to 3' 
C)  3' to 5' 
D)  5' to 3' in bacteria, 3' to 5' in eukaryotes 
E)  5' to 3' in eukaryotes, 3' to 5' in bacteria 
A)  bidirectional 
B)  5' to 3' 
C)  3' to 5' 
D)  5' to 3' in bacteria, 3' to 5' in eukaryotes 
E)  5' to 3' in eukaryotes, 3' to 5' in bacteria B

Question 3

What biomolecule delivers the aminoacyl-tRNA to the "A site" of the E.coli ribosome?

Accepted Answer

A)  initiation factor-1 
B)  initiation factor-3 
C)  elongation factor-G 
D)  elongation factor-Ts 
E)  elongation factor-Tu 
A)  initiation factor-1 
B)  initiation factor-3 
C)  elongation factor-G 
D)  elongation factor-Ts 
E)  elongation factor-Tu E

Question 4

The signal sequence that marks a protein for translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane is located near the ____________________ end of the protein.

Accepted Answer

N-terminal

Question 5

Protein synthesis takes place on

Accepted Answer

A)  lysozomes. 
B)  nuclear pores. 
C)  vacuoles. 
D)  ribosomes 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  lysozomes. 
B)  nuclear pores. 
C)  vacuoles. 
D)  ribosomes 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 6

The first amino acid in bacterial proteins is __________________

Accepted Answer

N-formylme

Question 7

Signals that define the beginning and end of protein synthesis are contained in

Accepted Answer

A)  rRNA. 
B)  tRNA. 
C)  mRNA. 
D)  ribosome. 
E)  protein. 
A)  rRNA. 
B)  tRNA. 
C)  mRNA. 
D)  ribosome. 
E)  protein.

Question 8

Using structures of the base pairs,show how the presence of inosine at the 5′ position of the anticodon can recognize three different codons.

Accepted Answer

Refer to page 897 of the text.

Question 9

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases contain both an activation site and a(n)__________________ site.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases contain both an activation site...

Question 10

Eukaryotic and bacterial translation differ primarily in the ________ step(s).

Accepted Answer

A)  initiation 
B)  elongation 
C)  termination 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  initiation 
B)  elongation 
C)  termination 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 11

What role does the amino acid itself play in the accurate placement of the charged tRNA at the codon?

Accepted Answer

None.Experiments have demonstrated that

Question 12

The error frequency of protein synthesis is approximately _____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The error frequency of protein synthesis is...

Question 13

The actual three-dimensional structure of tRNA is

Accepted Answer

A)  overall L-shaped. 
B)  cloverleaf. 
C)  twisted triple helix. 
D)  cylindrical. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  overall L-shaped. 
B)  cloverleaf. 
C)  twisted triple helix. 
D)  cylindrical. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 14

Initiation,elongation,and termination all require factors that are members of the ______________________ family.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Initiation,elongation,and termination all require factors that are...

Question 15

What is the function of yeast alanyl-tRNA?

Accepted Answer

It carries the amino

Question 16

What factor(s)is (are)necessary for the correct placement of the mRNA and initiating tRNA on the ribosome?

Accepted Answer

A)  IF1 
B)  IF2 
C)  IF3 
D)  IF1 and IF2 
E)  All the answers are correct. 
A)  IF1 
B)  IF2 
C)  IF3 
D)  IF1 and IF2 
E)  All the answers are correct.

Question 17

What protein is toxic because it hydrolyzes a critical adenine base from the 28S rRNA molecule in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  chloramphenicol 
B)  ricin 
C)  puromycin 
D)  erythromycin 
E)  tetrodotoxin 
A)  chloramphenicol 
B)  ricin 
C)  puromycin 
D)  erythromycin 
E)  tetrodotoxin

Question 18

What are the names for the tRNA binding sites on the ribosome?

Accepted Answer

They are called the

Question 19

What sequence identifies a protein for translocation across the ER?

Accepted Answer

A)  signal sequence 
B)  Shine-Dalgarno sequence 
C)  poly-A sequence 
D)  endoplasmic sequence 
E)  cargo sequence 
A)  signal sequence 
B)  Shine-Dalgarno sequence 
C)  poly-A sequence 
D)  endoplasmic sequence 
E)  cargo sequence

Question 20

What is the order of the tRNA binding sites on the 70S ribosome with respect to the5′-3′ direction of the mRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  E P A 
B)  P A E 
C)  A E P 
D)  E A P 
E)  A P E 
A)  E P A 
B)  P A E 
C)  A E P 
D)  E A P 
E)  A P E

Exam 30: Protein Synthesis

Where is the amino acid attached to a tRNA molecule?

What is the direction of translation of mRNA?

What biomolecule delivers the aminoacyl-tRNA to the "A site" of the E.coli ribosome?

The signal sequence that marks a protein for translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane is located near the ____________________ end of the protein.

Protein synthesis takes place on

The first amino acid in bacterial proteins is __________________

Signals that define the beginning and end of protein synthesis are contained in

Using structures of the base pairs,show how the presence of inosine at the 5′ position of the anticodon can recognize three different codons.

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases contain both an activation site and a(n)__________________ site.

Eukaryotic and bacterial translation differ primarily in the ________ step(s).

What role does the amino acid itself play in the accurate placement of the charged tRNA at the codon?

The error frequency of protein synthesis is approximately _____________.

The actual three-dimensional structure of tRNA is

Initiation,elongation,and termination all require factors that are members of the ______________________ family.

What is the function of yeast alanyl-tRNA?

What factor(s)is (are)necessary for the correct placement of the mRNA and initiating tRNA on the ribosome?

What protein is toxic because it hydrolyzes a critical adenine base from the 28S rRNA molecule in eukaryotes?

What are the names for the tRNA binding sites on the ribosome?

What sequence identifies a protein for translocation across the ER?

What is the order of the tRNA binding sites on the 70S ribosome with respect to the5′-3′ direction of the mRNA?

Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Protein Composition and Structure

Exploring Proteins and Proteomes

DNA, RNA, and the Flow of Genetic Information

Exploring Genes and Genomes

Exploring Evolution and Bioinformatics

Hemoglobin: a Portrait of a Protein in Action

Enzymes: Basic Concepts and Kinetics

Catalytic Strategies

Regulatory Strategies

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Cell Membranes

Membrane Channels and Pumps

Signal-Transduction Pathways

Metabolism: Basic Concepts and Design

Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis

The Citric Acid Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

The Light Reactions of Photosynthesis

The Calvin Cycle and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Glycogen Metabolism

Fatty Acid Metabolism

Protein Turnover and Amino Acid Catabolism

The Biosynthesis of Amino Acids

Nucleotide Biosynthesis

Biosynthesis of Membrane Lipids and Steroids

The Integration of Metabolism

DNA Replication, repair, and Recombination

RNA Synthesis and Processing

The Control of Gene Expression in Prokaryotes

The Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

Sensory Systems

The Immune System

Molecular Motors

Drug Development

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