Question 1

Glucagon and _______________ stimulate the breakdown of triacylglycerols by activation of a hormone-sensitive lipase.

Accepted Answer

epinephrin

Question 2

Explain this statement: "Fats burn in the flame of carbohydrates."

Accepted Answer

Acetyl CoA formed from fatty acids canno

Question 3

The first step of $\beta$ oxidation is a(n)_________-linked oxidation of the fatty acyl chain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The first step of $\beta$ oxidation is...

Question 4

Calculate the amount of ATP generated from the total oxidation of an unactivated fatty acid with an acyl chain of 16 carbons.

Accepted Answer

The pathway would generate seven NADH,se

Question 5

What is the approximate energy yield from complete oxidation of fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  3 kcal g-1 
B)  4 kcal g-1 
C)  6 kcal g-1 
D)  9 kcal g-1 
E)  11 kcal g-1 
A)  3 kcal g-1 
B)  4 kcal g-1 
C)  6 kcal g-1 
D)  9 kcal g-1 
E)  11 kcal g-1

Question 6

Describe the processes that dietary triacylglycerols must go through to be absorbed by intestines and transported in the blood stream.

Accepted Answer

The triacylglycerols must be digested pr

Question 7

What tissue is the primary storage site for triacylglycerols in animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  liver 
B)  adipose 
C)  kidney 
D)  heart 
E)  muscle 
A)  liver 
B)  adipose 
C)  kidney 
D)  heart 
E)  muscle

Question 8

Fatty acids are the building blocks of

Accepted Answer

A)  cholesterol. 
B)  phospholipids. 
C)  glycolipids. 
D)  cholesterol and phospholipids 
E)  All the answers are correct. 
A)  cholesterol. 
B)  phospholipids. 
C)  glycolipids. 
D)  cholesterol and phospholipids 
E)  All the answers are correct.

Question 9

$\beta$ oxidation of odd-numbered fatty acids produces acetyl-CoA and _______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of $\beta$ oxidation of odd-numbered fatty acids produces...

Question 10

What is the committed step in fatty acid synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  binding of the fatty acyl group to the acyl carrier protein 
B)  synthesis of malonyl CoA 
C)  transacylase reaction 
D)  the formation of acetoacetyl-ACP 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  binding of the fatty acyl group to the acyl carrier protein 
B)  synthesis of malonyl CoA 
C)  transacylase reaction 
D)  the formation of acetoacetyl-ACP 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 11

Acetoacetate and ________________ are referred to as ketone bodies and are major fuel sources for heart muscle.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Acetoacetate and ________________ are referred to as...

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a short-lived,local-acting hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  prostaglandin 
B)  testosterone 
C)  estradiol 
D)  insulin 
E)  glucagon 
A)  prostaglandin 
B)  testosterone 
C)  estradiol 
D)  insulin 
E)  glucagon

Question 13

The function of the enzyme acyl CoA synthetase is

Accepted Answer

A)  lipolysis to release free glyceraldehyde. 
B)  ATP-dependent reduction prior to activation. 
C)  ATP-dependent activation of fatty acids using CoA. 
D)  Production of acetyl CoA for the TCA cycle 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  lipolysis to release free glyceraldehyde. 
B)  ATP-dependent reduction prior to activation. 
C)  ATP-dependent activation of fatty acids using CoA. 
D)  Production of acetyl CoA for the TCA cycle 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 14

The hormone __________ induces lipolysis,whereas the hormone __________ inhibits the process.

Accepted Answer

A)  epinephrine; adrenocorticotropic hormone 
B)  glucagon; insulin 
C)  insulin; norepinephrine 
D)  glucagon; epinephrine 
E)  epinephrine; glucagon 
A)  epinephrine; adrenocorticotropic hormone 
B)  glucagon; insulin 
C)  insulin; norepinephrine 
D)  glucagon; epinephrine 
E)  epinephrine; glucagon

Question 15

Which of the following activates fatty acid synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  malonyl CoA 
B)  glucagon 
C)  phosphorylation of acetyl CoA carboxylase 
D)  citrate 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  malonyl CoA 
B)  glucagon 
C)  phosphorylation of acetyl CoA carboxylase 
D)  citrate 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 16

Enzymes that digest the triacylglycerols into free fatty acids and monoacylglycerol are called

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrases. 
B)  glyases. 
C)  lipases. 
D)  lyases 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  hydrases. 
B)  glyases. 
C)  lipases. 
D)  lyases 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 17

Describe the three stages required for other tissues (for example muscle cells)to utilize the energy stored in adipocytes.

Accepted Answer

Three stages of processing are necessary

Question 18

The coenzyme that supplies the reductive power for fatty acid synthesis is ______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The coenzyme that supplies the reductive power...

Question 19

What pathological conditions can arise from a large increase in blood levels of ketone bodies in diabetics?

Accepted Answer

In insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus (

Question 20

What pathway degrades an acyl-CoA into acetyl CoA?

Accepted Answer

A)  acyl transferase cycle 
B)  chylomicron cycle 
C)  glyoxylate cycle 
D)  carnitine cycle 
E)  $\beta$ oxidation 
A)  acyl transferase cycle 
B)  chylomicron cycle 
C)  glyoxylate cycle 
D)  carnitine cycle 
E)  $\beta$ oxidation

Exam 22: Fatty Acid Metabolism

Glucagon and _______________ stimulate the breakdown of triacylglycerols by activation of a hormone-sensitive lipase.

Explain this statement: "Fats burn in the flame of carbohydrates."

The first step of β\betaβ oxidation is a(n)_________-linked oxidation of the fatty acyl chain.

Calculate the amount of ATP generated from the total oxidation of an unactivated fatty acid with an acyl chain of 16 carbons.

What is the approximate energy yield from complete oxidation of fatty acids?

Describe the processes that dietary triacylglycerols must go through to be absorbed by intestines and transported in the blood stream.

What tissue is the primary storage site for triacylglycerols in animals?

Fatty acids are the building blocks of

β\betaβ oxidation of odd-numbered fatty acids produces acetyl-CoA and _______________.

What is the committed step in fatty acid synthesis?

Acetoacetate and ________________ are referred to as ketone bodies and are major fuel sources for heart muscle.

Which of the following is an example of a short-lived,local-acting hormone?

The function of the enzyme acyl CoA synthetase is

The hormone __________ induces lipolysis,whereas the hormone __________ inhibits the process.

Which of the following activates fatty acid synthesis?

Enzymes that digest the triacylglycerols into free fatty acids and monoacylglycerol are called

Describe the three stages required for other tissues (for example muscle cells)to utilize the energy stored in adipocytes.

The coenzyme that supplies the reductive power for fatty acid synthesis is ______________.

What pathological conditions can arise from a large increase in blood levels of ketone bodies in diabetics?

What pathway degrades an acyl-CoA into acetyl CoA?

Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Protein Composition and Structure

Exploring Proteins and Proteomes

DNA, RNA, and the Flow of Genetic Information

Exploring Genes and Genomes

Exploring Evolution and Bioinformatics

Hemoglobin: a Portrait of a Protein in Action

Enzymes: Basic Concepts and Kinetics

Catalytic Strategies

Regulatory Strategies

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Cell Membranes

Membrane Channels and Pumps

Signal-Transduction Pathways

Metabolism: Basic Concepts and Design

Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis

The Citric Acid Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

The Light Reactions of Photosynthesis

The Calvin Cycle and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Glycogen Metabolism

Protein Turnover and Amino Acid Catabolism

The Biosynthesis of Amino Acids

Nucleotide Biosynthesis

Biosynthesis of Membrane Lipids and Steroids

The Integration of Metabolism

DNA Replication, repair, and Recombination

RNA Synthesis and Processing

Protein Synthesis

The Control of Gene Expression in Prokaryotes

The Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

Sensory Systems

The Immune System

Molecular Motors

Drug Development

Filters

The first step of $\beta$ oxidation is a(n)_________-linked oxidation of the fatty acyl chain.

$\beta$ oxidation of odd-numbered fatty acids produces acetyl-CoA and _______________.

The hormone induces lipolysis,whereas the hormone inhibits the process.