Question 1

In the malate-aspartate shuttle,how is oxaloacetate regenerated since there is no transporter for oxaloacetate across the inner membrane?

Accepted Answer

Oxaloacetate is interconverted between m

Question 2

What is the chemical effect of oligomycin on aerobic metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A)  The flow of electrons from NADH to CoQ is blocked. 
B)  The flow of electrons from Cyt a-a3 to oxygen is blocked. 
C)  Oligomycin blocks the proton transfer through F0 of ATP synthase and therefore blocks the phosphorylation of ADP to form ATP. 
D)  The transport of ATP out of and ADP into the mitochondria is blocked. 
E)  Oxidative phosphorylation is uncoupled from electron transport and all the energy is lost as heat. 
A)  The flow of electrons from NADH to CoQ is blocked. 
B)  The flow of electrons from Cyt a-a3 to oxygen is blocked. 
C)  Oligomycin blocks the proton transfer through F0 of ATP synthase and therefore blocks the phosphorylation of ADP to form ATP. 
D)  The transport of ATP out of and ADP into the mitochondria is blocked. 
E)  Oxidative phosphorylation is uncoupled from electron transport and all the energy is lost as heat.

Question 3

What is the currently accepted model which explains the presence of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells? What is the best evidence which supports this model?

Accepted Answer

It is believed that the organelles are t

Question 4

In the initial step of Complex I,two high-potential electrons are transferred from NADH to the ___________ prosthetic group of this complex.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the initial step of Complex I,two...

Question 5

Give the balanced equation for the net reaction catalyzed by Q-cytochrome c oxido-reducatase.

Accepted Answer

QH₂ + 2 Cyt

Question 6

Acceptor control of oxidative phosphorylation means that the rate of respiration depends upon the level of __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Acceptor control of oxidative phosphorylation means that...

Question 7

Explain why less ATP is made from the reoxidation of FADH2 as compared to NADH.

Accepted Answer

Complex II is not a proton pump.When ele

Question 8

What prosthetic group is present in complexes I,II,and III of electron transport?

Accepted Answer

A)  semiquinone 
B)  flavin mononucleotide 
C)  coenzyme Q 
D)  heme group 
E)  iron-sulfur cluster 
A)  semiquinone 
B)  flavin mononucleotide 
C)  coenzyme Q 
D)  heme group 
E)  iron-sulfur cluster

Question 9

What type of enzyme plays a key role in apoptosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  cytochrome P450 
B)  electron-transport complexes 
C)  caspase 
D)  enzymes of the citric acid cycle 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  cytochrome P450 
B)  electron-transport complexes 
C)  caspase 
D)  enzymes of the citric acid cycle 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 10

Which enzyme transfers electrons from a membrane-soluble carrier to a water-soluble carrier in the electron-transport process?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP synthase 
B)  cytochrome c oxidase 
C)  NADH-Q oxidoreductase 
D)  Q-cytochrome c oxidoreductase 
E)  succinate-Q reductase 
A)  ATP synthase 
B)  cytochrome c oxidase 
C)  NADH-Q oxidoreductase 
D)  Q-cytochrome c oxidoreductase 
E)  succinate-Q reductase

Question 11

What type of protein makes the outer mitochondrial membrane relatively permeable?

Accepted Answer

A)  proton pump 
B)  voltage gated transporter 
C)  ATP-powered pump 
D)  porin 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  proton pump 
B)  voltage gated transporter 
C)  ATP-powered pump 
D)  porin 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 12

In the glycerol phosphate shuttle,cytoplasmic glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase uses cytoplasmic NADH to reduce _________________ to glycerol-3-phosphate.

Accepted Answer

dihydroxya

Question 13

Cytochrome c oxidase contains two heme A groups and three ______________ ions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cytochrome c oxidase contains two heme A...

Question 14

Discuss the evolution of the cytochrome c protein.

Accepted Answer

Cytochrome c has been studied in many or

Question 15

________________ carries electrons from Complex III to Complex IV.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________________ carries electrons from Complex III to...

Question 16

What is a cytochrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  a protein that transfers electrons and that also contains a heme prosthetic group 
B)  a chloroplast protein that transfers electrons and that also contains an iron sulfur prosthetic group 
C)  a protein that pumps ATP and that also contains iron 
D)  an enzyme that reduces oxygen to water 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  a protein that transfers electrons and that also contains a heme prosthetic group 
B)  a chloroplast protein that transfers electrons and that also contains an iron sulfur prosthetic group 
C)  a protein that pumps ATP and that also contains iron 
D)  an enzyme that reduces oxygen to water 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 17

What is the reaction of ATP synthase?

Accepted Answer

A)  AMP3- + 2 HPO42- + H+ $\iff$ ATP4- + H2O 
B)  ADP3- + HPO42-+ H+ $\iff$  ATP4-+ H2O 
C)  ADP3- + HPO42- + 2 H+ $\iff$  ATP4- + H2O 
D)  AMP3- + 2 HPO42- + 2 H+ $\iff$  ATP4- + H2O 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  AMP3- + 2 HPO42- + H+ $\iff$ ATP4- + H2O 
B)  ADP3- + HPO42-+ H+ $\iff$  ATP4-+ H2O 
C)  ADP3- + HPO42- + 2 H+ $\iff$  ATP4- + H2O 
D)  AMP3- + 2 HPO42- + 2 H+ $\iff$  ATP4- + H2O 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 18

What process allows cytoplasmic NADH to be reoxidized by O2 using the electron-transport system?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle 
B)  cytochrome c shuttle 
C)  malate-aspartate shuttle 
D)  quinone shuttle 
E)  glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle and malate-aspartate shuttle 
A)  glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle 
B)  cytochrome c shuttle 
C)  malate-aspartate shuttle 
D)  quinone shuttle 
E)  glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle and malate-aspartate shuttle

Question 19

What evidence demonstrated the ATP synthase has components that can actually rotate?

Accepted Answer

@#LAT-DLM&₃@#LAT-DLM&₃@#LAT-DLM& subunits were cloned and expressed with

Question 20

Which of the following does NOT participate in,nor is a component of,the electron-transport chain?

Accepted Answer

A)  lipoic acid 
B)  nonheme, iron-sulfur proteins 
C)  FADH2 
D)  cytochrome c1 
E)  NADH 
A)  lipoic acid 
B)  nonheme, iron-sulfur proteins 
C)  FADH2 
D)  cytochrome c1 
E)  NADH

Exam 18: Oxidative Phosphorylation

In the malate-aspartate shuttle,how is oxaloacetate regenerated since there is no transporter for oxaloacetate across the inner membrane?

What is the chemical effect of oligomycin on aerobic metabolism?

What is the currently accepted model which explains the presence of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells? What is the best evidence which supports this model?

In the initial step of Complex I,two high-potential electrons are transferred from NADH to the ___________ prosthetic group of this complex.

Give the balanced equation for the net reaction catalyzed by Q-cytochrome c oxido-reducatase.

Acceptor control of oxidative phosphorylation means that the rate of respiration depends upon the level of __________.

Explain why less ATP is made from the reoxidation of FADH2 as compared to NADH.

What prosthetic group is present in complexes I,II,and III of electron transport?

What type of enzyme plays a key role in apoptosis?

Which enzyme transfers electrons from a membrane-soluble carrier to a water-soluble carrier in the electron-transport process?

What type of protein makes the outer mitochondrial membrane relatively permeable?

In the glycerol phosphate shuttle,cytoplasmic glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase uses cytoplasmic NADH to reduce _________________ to glycerol-3-phosphate.

Cytochrome c oxidase contains two heme A groups and three ______________ ions.

Discuss the evolution of the cytochrome c protein.

________________ carries electrons from Complex III to Complex IV.

What is a cytochrome?

What is the reaction of ATP synthase?

What process allows cytoplasmic NADH to be reoxidized by O2 using the electron-transport system?

What evidence demonstrated the ATP synthase has components that can actually rotate?

Which of the following does NOT participate in,nor is a component of,the electron-transport chain?

Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Protein Composition and Structure

Exploring Proteins and Proteomes

DNA, RNA, and the Flow of Genetic Information

Exploring Genes and Genomes

Exploring Evolution and Bioinformatics

Hemoglobin: a Portrait of a Protein in Action

Enzymes: Basic Concepts and Kinetics

Catalytic Strategies

Regulatory Strategies

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Cell Membranes

Membrane Channels and Pumps

Signal-Transduction Pathways

Metabolism: Basic Concepts and Design

Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis

The Citric Acid Cycle

The Light Reactions of Photosynthesis

The Calvin Cycle and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Glycogen Metabolism

Fatty Acid Metabolism

Protein Turnover and Amino Acid Catabolism

The Biosynthesis of Amino Acids

Nucleotide Biosynthesis

Biosynthesis of Membrane Lipids and Steroids

The Integration of Metabolism

DNA Replication, repair, and Recombination

RNA Synthesis and Processing

Protein Synthesis

The Control of Gene Expression in Prokaryotes

The Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

Sensory Systems

The Immune System

Molecular Motors

Drug Development

Filters

Explain why less ATP is made from the reoxidation of FADH₂ as compared to NADH.

What process allows cytoplasmic NADH to be reoxidized by O₂ using the electron-transport system?