Question 1

Describe how the PKA kinase cascade is activated.

Accepted Answer

The process is often initiated by hormon

Question 2

How does the sequential model differ from the concerted model for allosteric enzymes?

Accepted Answer

The concerted model does not allow for a

Question 3

Examples of covalent modification include

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphorylation and dephosphorylation. 
B)  acetylation. 
C)  ubiquitination. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  phosphorylation, dephosphorylation, and acetylation. 
A)  phosphorylation and dephosphorylation. 
B)  acetylation. 
C)  ubiquitination. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  phosphorylation, dephosphorylation, and acetylation.

Question 4

What regulatory mechanism relies on inhibition of the first step of the pathway by the final product of the pathway?

Accepted Answer

A)  competitive inhibition 
B)  uncompetitive inhibition 
C)  allosteric inhibition 
D)  feed-forward inhibition 
E)  feedback inhibition 
A)  competitive inhibition 
B)  uncompetitive inhibition 
C)  allosteric inhibition 
D)  feed-forward inhibition 
E)  feedback inhibition

Question 5

Give several examples of enzymes and proteins that are activated by proteolytic activation.

Accepted Answer

Examples include digestive enz

Question 6

Individuals in a royal family suffered from hemophilia and often died early from bleeding.What is the cause of this disease? How is it treated?

Accepted Answer

The disease in the royal family was caus

Question 7

One type of hemophilia is due to

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamin K deficiency. 
B)  loss of the gene for prothrombin. 
C)  loss of the gene for antihemophilic factor. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  vitamin K deficiency. 
B)  loss of the gene for prothrombin. 
C)  loss of the gene for antihemophilic factor. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 8

A ______________ is an inactive precursor of an enzyme that is activated by a proteolytic cleavage.

Accepted Answer

zymogen or

Question 9

Histones are acetylated at specific ________________ residues.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Histones are acetylated at specific ________________ residues....

Question 10

Blood serum analysis of ____________________________ isozymes is used in the diagnosis of a myocardial infarction.

Accepted Answer

lactate de

Question 11

How can cleavage of a single peptide bond activate a zymogen?

Accepted Answer

The switching on of enzymatic

Question 12

Multifunctional kinases phosphorylate proteins by recognizing related sequences called

Accepted Answer

A)  cAMP binding sequences. 
B)  calmodulin binding sequences. 
C)  pseudosubstrate sequences. 
D)  consensus sequences. 
E)  palindromes. 
A)  cAMP binding sequences. 
B)  calmodulin binding sequences. 
C)  pseudosubstrate sequences. 
D)  consensus sequences. 
E)  palindromes.

Question 13

The effects of substrates on allosteric enzymes are referred to as ___________________ effects.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The effects of substrates on allosteric enzymes...

Question 14

What shape is seen in the kinetic plot of an enzyme that exhibits cooperative binding?

Accepted Answer

A)  sigmoidal 
B)  hyperbolic 
C)  parabolic 
D)  linear 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  sigmoidal 
B)  hyperbolic 
C)  parabolic 
D)  linear 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 15

What is the dual action of thrombin?

Accepted Answer

Thrombin catalyzes the hydrolysis of fib

Question 16

Which type of enzymes specifically catalyzes protein phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

A)  protein ATPase 
B)  protein transferases 
C)  protein phosphatases 
D)  protein kinases 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  protein ATPase 
B)  protein transferases 
C)  protein phosphatases 
D)  protein kinases 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 17

p-Hydroxymercuribenzoate displaces Zn2+ from binding to crucial ______________ residues in ATCase.

Accepted Answer

Question 18

What term describes multiple forms of homologous enzymes found within an organism?

Accepted Answer

A)  zymogens 
B)  holoenzymes 
C)  isoenzymes 
D)  consensus enzymes 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  zymogens 
B)  holoenzymes 
C)  isoenzymes 
D)  consensus enzymes 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 19

Which of the following is the most crucial pathway for blood clotting?

Accepted Answer

A)  intrinsic pathway 
B)  extrinsic pathway 
C)  coagulation pathway 
D)  fibrinogen activation pathway 
E)  prothrombin activation pathway 
A)  intrinsic pathway 
B)  extrinsic pathway 
C)  coagulation pathway 
D)  fibrinogen activation pathway 
E)  prothrombin activation pathway

Question 20

Why might it have been surprising to find that CTP inhibits ATCase?

Accepted Answer

The substrates for ATCase are

Exam 10: Regulatory Strategies

Describe how the PKA kinase cascade is activated.

How does the sequential model differ from the concerted model for allosteric enzymes?

Examples of covalent modification include

What regulatory mechanism relies on inhibition of the first step of the pathway by the final product of the pathway?

Give several examples of enzymes and proteins that are activated by proteolytic activation.

Individuals in a royal family suffered from hemophilia and often died early from bleeding.What is the cause of this disease? How is it treated?

One type of hemophilia is due to

A ______________ is an inactive precursor of an enzyme that is activated by a proteolytic cleavage.

Histones are acetylated at specific ________________ residues.

Blood serum analysis of ____________________________ isozymes is used in the diagnosis of a myocardial infarction.

How can cleavage of a single peptide bond activate a zymogen?

Multifunctional kinases phosphorylate proteins by recognizing related sequences called

The effects of substrates on allosteric enzymes are referred to as ___________________ effects.

What shape is seen in the kinetic plot of an enzyme that exhibits cooperative binding?

What is the dual action of thrombin?

Which type of enzymes specifically catalyzes protein phosphorylation?

p-Hydroxymercuribenzoate displaces Zn2+ from binding to crucial ______________ residues in ATCase.

What term describes multiple forms of homologous enzymes found within an organism?

Which of the following is the most crucial pathway for blood clotting?

Why might it have been surprising to find that CTP inhibits ATCase?

Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Protein Composition and Structure

Exploring Proteins and Proteomes

DNA, RNA, and the Flow of Genetic Information

Exploring Genes and Genomes

Exploring Evolution and Bioinformatics

Hemoglobin: a Portrait of a Protein in Action

Enzymes: Basic Concepts and Kinetics

Catalytic Strategies

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Cell Membranes

Membrane Channels and Pumps

Signal-Transduction Pathways

Metabolism: Basic Concepts and Design

Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis

The Citric Acid Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

The Light Reactions of Photosynthesis

The Calvin Cycle and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Glycogen Metabolism

Fatty Acid Metabolism

Protein Turnover and Amino Acid Catabolism

The Biosynthesis of Amino Acids

Nucleotide Biosynthesis

Biosynthesis of Membrane Lipids and Steroids

The Integration of Metabolism

DNA Replication, repair, and Recombination

RNA Synthesis and Processing

Protein Synthesis

The Control of Gene Expression in Prokaryotes

The Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

Sensory Systems

The Immune System

Molecular Motors

Drug Development

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p-Hydroxymercuribenzoate displaces Zn²⁺ from binding to crucial ______________ residues in ATCase.