Exam 20: The Calvin Cycle and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

The purpose of the pentose phosphate pathway is to

The enzymes that catalyze the dark reactions of photosynthesis are located in the ___________ of the chloroplasts.

In photosynthesis,light energy is transformed into ATP and biosynthetic reducing power in the form of _____.

How many ATP are required by the C₄ pathway for each hexose that is produced?

Describe the three stages of the Calvin cycle.

What pathway ensures that sufficient amounts of CO₂ are available to minimize wasteful photorespiration by transporting CO₂ from the mesophyll cells to the bundle sheath cells?

What is another name for ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase?

Which of the following is a readily mobilized sugar that is commonly used to transport carbohydrates through a plant?

What is the hexose monophosphate pool?

Give the sequence of reactions involved in the synthesis of sucrose from two glucose6-phosphate molecules.

Which of the following types of organisms obtain their energy from chemical fuels produced by other organisms?

Which enzyme is cited as the most abundant enzyme in the biosphere? Why is this so?

What is photorespiration? Why is it wasteful?

Why is the chemistry of the "dark reactions" referred to as a cycle and not a pathway?

Hemolytic anemia is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme ______________________.

Which of the following types of organisms can synthesize glucose from carbon dioxide and water?

The first step of the Calvin cycle involves the addition of CO₂ to _______________________ to produce two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate.

The K_M of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase for NADP⁺ is _____________ the K_M for NAD⁺.

Which cofactor supplies the reducing power for reduction of glutathione by glutathione reductase?

What intermediate is formed in the oxygenase reaction catalyzed by rubisco?