Exam 8: Experimental Design

If one cannot use all possible orders in a repeated measures design,a good alternative is to use _____

A matched pairs design involves:

If a greater percentage of heart surgeons than skin doctors are sued for malpractice,can it be concluded that heart surgeons are less competent than skin doctors?

Which of the following accurately describes a disadvantage of using a pretest-posttest design?

Participants in a concept learning study solve several anagram puzzles in a period of 30 minutes.Although the puzzles were known to be of equal difficulty,the participants solved the puzzles in lesser and lesser time with the progression of the 30-minute period.This is likely the result of a _____ effect.

A(n)_____ variable is a variable that varies along with the independent variable.

Irene wants to examine the effect of a defendant's appearance on the judgment of guilt for a crime.She has participants read an identical account of the crime except for the defendant's appearance.A group of high school students receive the description of an attractive defendant,while a group of senior citizens receive the description of an unattractive defendant.Both groups are then asked to rate the defendant's guilt on a seven-point scale.A major cause for confusion in Madison's experiment is the _____.

A psychologist is interested to know which of two sorting techniques leads to better memory performance in 6-year-olds.Each participant first sorts a set of pictures any way he or she likes.Recall is then tested.After this,each participant is required to sort an equivalent set of pictures into five predetermined categories.Recall for the items in this step is then tested.What procedure does this study represent?

Which of the following does NOT increase the likelihood of internal validity?

When a confounding variable is present in an experiment,_____.

A design that assigns different participants to each condition using random assignment is a(n)_____ design.

One problem with the pretest-posttest design is that participants:

Elena randomly asks students of a class to taste either Coke or Pepsi.Students rate their liking for the soda they taste on a scale of 1 to 10.This is an example of a _____ design.

Powel wants to find out how using fins increases swimming speed.This hypothesis could be tested with a counterbalanced repeated measures design by:

When a confounding variable is present in an experiment,one cannot tell whether the results were due to the _____.

Hector measures participants based on a variable of interest and rank orders them according to their scores.He then places them in pairs in which each member has approximately the same score as the other member in the pair.The members of each pair are then randomly assigned to the conditions in the experiment.Hector's method of participant assignment is an example of a(n)_____ design.

Mortality in experimental design refers to the fact that participants:

In a _____ design,half the participants receive only a posttest,while the other half receives both a pretest and a posttest.

When the results of an experiment can confidently be attributed to the effect of the independent variable,the experiment is said to have:

Aisha wants to examine the effect of room temperature on task performance.She places one group of participants in a room that is set to a temperature of 54 degrees,a second group in a room that is set to a temperature of 72 degrees,and a third group in a room that is set to a temperature of 90 degrees.She then measures the amount of time it takes each group to complete the same task.This design would best represent a(n)_____ design.