Question 1

Match the level of consciousness to its description.
-No motor or verbal response to noxious stimuli

Accepted Answer

A) Confusion 
B) Disorientation 
C) Obtundation 
D) Stupor 
E) Coma 
A) Confusion 
B) Disorientation 
C) Obtundation 
D) Stupor 
E) Coma

Question 2

What clinical manifestations suggest hydrocephalus in an infant?

Accepted Answer

A)  Closed fontanel and high-pitched cry 
B)  Bulging fontanel and dilated scalp veins 
C)  Constant low-pitched cry and restlessness 
D)  Depressed fontanel and decreased blood pressure 
A)  Closed fontanel and high-pitched cry 
B)  Bulging fontanel and dilated scalp veins 
C)  Constant low-pitched cry and restlessness 
D)  Depressed fontanel and decreased blood pressure

Question 3

What effects of an altered pituitary secretion in a child with meningitis indicates syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypotension 
B)  Serum sodium is decreased 
C)  Urinary output is decreased 
D)  Evidence of overhydration 
E)  Urine specific gravity is increased 
A)  Hypotension 
B)  Serum sodium is decreased 
C)  Urinary output is decreased 
D)  Evidence of overhydration 
E)  Urine specific gravity is increased

Question 4

After a tonic-clonic seizure,what symptoms should the nurse expect the child to experience?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diarrhea and abdominal discomfort 
B)  Irritability and hunger 
C)  Lethargy and confusion 
D)  Nervousness and excitability 
A)  Diarrhea and abdominal discomfort 
B)  Irritability and hunger 
C)  Lethargy and confusion 
D)  Nervousness and excitability

Question 5

What term refers to seizures that involve both hemispheres of the brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Absence 
B)  Acquired 
C)  Generalized 
D)  Complex partial 
A)  Absence 
B)  Acquired 
C)  Generalized 
D)  Complex partial

Question 6

What is important to incorporate in the plan of care for a child who is experiencing a seizure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Describe and record the seizure activity observed. 
B)  Suction the child during a seizure to prevent aspiration. 
C)  Place a tongue blade between the teeth if they become clenched. 
D)  Restrain the child when seizures occur to prevent bodily harm. 
A)  Describe and record the seizure activity observed. 
B)  Suction the child during a seizure to prevent aspiration. 
C)  Place a tongue blade between the teeth if they become clenched. 
D)  Restrain the child when seizures occur to prevent bodily harm.

Question 7

The nurse is preparing to admit a 6-month-old infant with increased intracranial pressure (ICP).What clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe in this infant?

Accepted Answer

A)  High-pitched cry 
B)  Poor feeding 
C)  Setting-sun sign 
D)  Sunken fontanel 
E)  Distended scalp veins
F) Decreased head circumference 
A)  High-pitched cry 
B)  Poor feeding 
C)  Setting-sun sign 
D)  Sunken fontanel 
E)  Distended scalp veins
F) Decreased head circumference

Question 8

What statement best describes a subdural hematoma?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bleeding occurs between the dura and the skull. 
B)  Bleeding occurs between the dura and the cerebrum. 
C)  Bleeding is generally arterial, and brain compression occurs rapidly. 
D)  The hematoma commonly occurs in the parietotemporal region. 
A)  Bleeding occurs between the dura and the skull. 
B)  Bleeding occurs between the dura and the cerebrum. 
C)  Bleeding is generally arterial, and brain compression occurs rapidly. 
D)  The hematoma commonly occurs in the parietotemporal region.

Question 9

A school-age child has sustained a head injury and multiple fractures after being thrown from a horse.The child's level of consciousness is variable.The parents tell the nurse that they think their child is in pain because of periodic crying and restlessness.What is the most appropriate nursing action?

Accepted Answer

A)  Explain that analgesia is contraindicated with a head injury. 
B)  Have the parents describe the child's previous experiences with pain. 
C)  Consult with a practitioner about what analgesia can be safely administered. 
D)  Teach the parents that analgesia is unnecessary when the child is not fully awake and alert. 
A)  Explain that analgesia is contraindicated with a head injury. 
B)  Have the parents describe the child's previous experiences with pain. 
C)  Consult with a practitioner about what analgesia can be safely administered. 
D)  Teach the parents that analgesia is unnecessary when the child is not fully awake and alert.

Question 10

The nurse is doing a neurologic assessment on a 2-month-old infant after a car accident.Moro,tonic neck,and withdrawal reflexes are present.How should the nurse interpret these findings?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neurologic health 
B)  Severe brain damage 
C)  Decorticate posturing 
D)  Decerebrate posturing 
A)  Neurologic health 
B)  Severe brain damage 
C)  Decorticate posturing 
D)  Decerebrate posturing

Question 11

The nurse is preparing to admit a neonate with bacterial meningitis.What clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jaundice 
B)  Cyanosis 
C)  Poor tone 
D)  Nuchal rigidity 
E)  Poor sucking ability 
A)  Jaundice 
B)  Cyanosis 
C)  Poor tone 
D)  Nuchal rigidity 
E)  Poor sucking ability

Question 12

What are quick,jerky,grossly uncoordinated,irregular movements that may disappear on relaxation called?

Accepted Answer

A)  Twitching 
B)  Spasticity 
C)  Choreiform movements 
D)  Associated movements 
A)  Twitching 
B)  Spasticity 
C)  Choreiform movements 
D)  Associated movements

Question 13

A 2-year-old child starts to have a tonic-clonic seizure.The child's jaws are clamped.What is the most important nursing action at this time?

Accepted Answer

A)  Place a padded tongue blade between the child's jaws. 
B)  Stay with the child and observe his respiratory status. 
C)  Prepare the suction equipment. 
D)  Restrain the child to prevent injury. 
A)  Place a padded tongue blade between the child's jaws. 
B)  Stay with the child and observe his respiratory status. 
C)  Prepare the suction equipment. 
D)  Restrain the child to prevent injury.

Question 14

The nurse is closely monitoring a child who is unconscious after a fall and notices that the child suddenly has a fixed and dilated pupil.How should the nurse interpret this?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eye trauma 
B)  Brain death 
C)  Severe brainstem damage 
D)  Neurosurgical emergency 
A)  Eye trauma 
B)  Brain death 
C)  Severe brainstem damage 
D)  Neurosurgical emergency

Question 15

What term is used when a patient remains in a deep sleep,responsive only to vigorous and repeated stimulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Coma 
B)  Stupor 
C)  Obtundation 
D)  Persistent vegetative state 
A)  Coma 
B)  Stupor 
C)  Obtundation 
D)  Persistent vegetative state

Question 16

The nurse is preparing to admit a 5-year-old with an epidural hemorrhage.What clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe?

Accepted Answer

A)  Headache 
B)  Vomiting 
C)  Irritability 
D)  Cephalhematoma 
E)  Pallor with anemia 
A)  Headache 
B)  Vomiting 
C)  Irritability 
D)  Cephalhematoma 
E)  Pallor with anemia

Question 17

The nurse is preparing to admit an adolescent with bacterial meningitis.What clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fever 
B)  Chills 
C)  Headache 
D)  Poor tone 
E)  Drowsiness 
A)  Fever 
B)  Chills 
C)  Headache 
D)  Poor tone 
E)  Drowsiness

Question 18

What statement is descriptive of a concussion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Petechial hemorrhages cause amnesia. 
B)  Visible bruising and tearing of cerebral tissue occur. 
C)  It is a transient and reversible neuronal dysfunction. 
D)  It is a slight lesion that develops remote from the site of trauma. 
A)  Petechial hemorrhages cause amnesia. 
B)  Visible bruising and tearing of cerebral tissue occur. 
C)  It is a transient and reversible neuronal dysfunction. 
D)  It is a slight lesion that develops remote from the site of trauma.

Question 19

The nurse is preparing to admit an adolescent with encephalitis.What clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe?

Accepted Answer

A)  Malaise 
B)  Apathy 
C)  Lethargy 
D)  Hypoactivity 
E)  Hypothermia 
A)  Malaise 
B)  Apathy 
C)  Lethargy 
D)  Hypoactivity 
E)  Hypothermia

Question 20

What type of seizure may be difficult to detect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Absence 
B)  Generalized 
C)  Simple partial 
D)  Complex partial 
A)  Absence 
B)  Generalized 
C)  Simple partial 
D)  Complex partial

Exam 32: The Child With Cerebral Dysfunction

Match the level of consciousness to its description. -No motor or verbal response to noxious stimuli

What clinical manifestations suggest hydrocephalus in an infant?

What effects of an altered pituitary secretion in a child with meningitis indicates syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)?

After a tonic-clonic seizure,what symptoms should the nurse expect the child to experience?

What term refers to seizures that involve both hemispheres of the brain?

What is important to incorporate in the plan of care for a child who is experiencing a seizure?

The nurse is preparing to admit a 6-month-old infant with increased intracranial pressure (ICP).What clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe in this infant?

What statement best describes a subdural hematoma?

The nurse is doing a neurologic assessment on a 2-month-old infant after a car accident.Moro,tonic neck,and withdrawal reflexes are present.How should the nurse interpret these findings?

The nurse is preparing to admit a neonate with bacterial meningitis.What clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe?

What are quick,jerky,grossly uncoordinated,irregular movements that may disappear on relaxation called?

A 2-year-old child starts to have a tonic-clonic seizure.The child's jaws are clamped.What is the most important nursing action at this time?

The nurse is closely monitoring a child who is unconscious after a fall and notices that the child suddenly has a fixed and dilated pupil.How should the nurse interpret this?

What term is used when a patient remains in a deep sleep,responsive only to vigorous and repeated stimulation?

The nurse is preparing to admit a 5-year-old with an epidural hemorrhage.What clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe?

The nurse is preparing to admit an adolescent with bacterial meningitis.What clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe?

What statement is descriptive of a concussion?

The nurse is preparing to admit an adolescent with encephalitis.What clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe?

What type of seizure may be difficult to detect?

Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing

Social,cultural,religious,and Family Influences on Child Health Promotion

Hereditary Influences on Health Promotion of the Child and Family

Communication, physical, and Developmental Assessment

Pain Assessment and Management in Children

Childhood Communicable and Infectious Diseases

Health Promotion of the Newborn and Family

Health Problems of Newborns

The High-Risk Newborn and Family

Health Promotion of the Infant and Family

Health Problems of the Infant

Health Promotion of the Toddler and Family

Health Promotion of the Preschooler and Family

Health Problems of Early Childhood

Health Promotion of the School-Age Child and Family

Health Problems of the School-Age Child

Health Promotion of the Adolescent and Family

Health Problems of the Adolescent

Family-Centered Care of the Child With Chronic Illness or Disability

Family-Centered Palliative Care

The Child With Cognitive, sensory, or Communication Impairment

Family-Centered Care of the Child During Illness and Hospitalization

Pediatric Nursing Interventions and Skills

The Child With Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance

The Child With Renal Dysfunction

The Child With Gastrointestinal Dysfunction

Overview of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Exchange

The Child With Respiratory Dysfunction

The Child With Cardiovascular Dysfunction

The Child With Hematologic or Immunologic Dysfunction

The Child With Cancer

The Child With Endocrine Dysfunction

The Child With Musculoskeletal or Articular Dysfunction

The Child With Neuromuscular or Muscular Dysfunction

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