Question 1

The nurse is teaching an adolescent with hypertension foods recommended on the DASH diet.What foods should the nurse include in the teaching session?

Accepted Answer

A)  Green beans 
B)  Energy drinks 
C)  Low-fat yogurt 
D)  Chocolate milk 
E)  Whole grain bread 
A)  Green beans 
B)  Energy drinks 
C)  Low-fat yogurt 
D)  Chocolate milk 
E)  Whole grain bread A,C,E

Question 2

The nurse is teaching parents about administering digoxin (Lanoxin).What instructions should the nurse tell the parents?

Accepted Answer

A)  If the child vomits, give another dose. 
B)  Give the medication at regular intervals. 
C)  If a dose is missed, give a give an extra dose. 
D)  Give the medication mixed with the child's formula. 
A)  If the child vomits, give another dose. 
B)  Give the medication at regular intervals. 
C)  If a dose is missed, give a give an extra dose. 
D)  Give the medication mixed with the child's formula. B

Question 3

A health care provider prescribes hydroxyzine (Atarax),0.6 mg/kg PO every 4 to 6 hours as needed for pruritus for a child with Kawasaki disease.The medication label states: "Hydroxyzine 10 mg/5 ml." The child weighs 20 kg.The nurse prepares to administer one dose.How many milliliters will the nurse prepare to administer one dose? Fill in the blank.Record your answer in a whole number.
________________

Accepted Answer

6
Follow the formula for dosage calculation.
Multiply 0.6 mg × 20 kg to get the dose = 12 mg
Desired
----------- × Volume = ml per dose
Available
12 mg
----------- × 5 ml = 6 ml
10 mg

Question 4

The diagnosis of hypertension depends on accurate assessment of blood pressure (BP).What is the appropriate technique to measure a child's BP?

Accepted Answer

A)  Assess BP while the child is standing. 
B)  Compare left arm with left leg BP readings. 
C)  Use a narrow cuff to ensure that the readings are correct. 
D)  Measure BP with the child in the sitting position on three separate occasions. 
A)  Assess BP while the child is standing. 
B)  Compare left arm with left leg BP readings. 
C)  Use a narrow cuff to ensure that the readings are correct. 
D)  Measure BP with the child in the sitting position on three separate occasions.

Question 5

An infant is diagnosed with transposition of the great vessels.Prostaglandin E1 is given intravenously.The parents ask how long the child will remain on the prostaglandin E1.What is the appropriate response by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prostaglandin E1 will be given intermittently until corrective surgery is performed. 
B)  Prostaglandin E1 will be given continuously until corrective surgery is performed. 
C)  Prostaglandin E1 will be given continuously throughout the preoperative and postoperative periods until the child is stable. 
D)  Prostaglandin E1 will be given intermittently throughout the preoperative and postoperative periods until the child is stable. 
A)  Prostaglandin E1 will be given intermittently until corrective surgery is performed. 
B)  Prostaglandin E1 will be given continuously until corrective surgery is performed. 
C)  Prostaglandin E1 will be given continuously throughout the preoperative and postoperative periods until the child is stable. 
D)  Prostaglandin E1 will be given intermittently throughout the preoperative and postoperative periods until the child is stable.

Question 6

A health care provider prescribes captopril (Capoten),2.5 mg PO every 12 h for a child with heart failure.The medication label states: "Captopril 5 mg/5 ml." The nurse prepares to administer one dose.How many milliliters will the nurse prepare to administer one dose? Fill in the blank.Record your answer using one decimal place.
________________

Accepted Answer

2.5
Follow the formula for dos

Question 7

The nurse finds that a 6-month-old infant has an apical pulse of 166 beats/min during sleep.What nursing intervention is most appropriate at this time?

Accepted Answer

A)  Administer oxygen. 
B)  Record data on the nurses' notes. 
C)  Report data to the practitioner. 
D)  Place the child in the high Fowler position. 
A)  Administer oxygen. 
B)  Record data on the nurses' notes. 
C)  Report data to the practitioner. 
D)  Place the child in the high Fowler position.

Question 8

Heart failure (HF)is a problem after the child has had a congenital heart defect repaired.The nurse knows a sign of HF is what?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wheezing 
B)  Increased blood pressure 
C)  Increased urine output 
D)  Decreased heart rate 
A)  Wheezing 
B)  Increased blood pressure 
C)  Increased urine output 
D)  Decreased heart rate

Question 9

What drug is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)inhibitor?

Accepted Answer

A)  Furosemide (Lasix) 
B)  Captopril (Capoten) 
C)  Chlorothiazide (Diuril) 
D)  Spironolactone (Aldactone) 
A)  Furosemide (Lasix) 
B)  Captopril (Capoten) 
C)  Chlorothiazide (Diuril) 
D)  Spironolactone (Aldactone)

Question 10

What interventions should the nurse anticipate being administered to a child with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bed rest 
B)  Applying ice to the face 
C)  Administration of atropine 
D)  Administration of adenosine (Adenocor) 
E)  Having the child perform a Valsalva maneuver 
A)  Bed rest 
B)  Applying ice to the face 
C)  Administration of atropine 
D)  Administration of adenosine (Adenocor) 
E)  Having the child perform a Valsalva maneuver

Question 11

Match the normal findings of an ECG with their definitions.
-Represents the time that the ventricles are in the absolute refractory period

Accepted Answer

A) P wave 
B) QRS complex 
C) T wave 
D) Q-T interval 
E) ST segment 
A) P wave 
B) QRS complex 
C) T wave 
D) Q-T interval 
E) ST segment

Question 12

The nurse notices that a child is increasingly apprehensive and has tachycardia after heart surgery.The chest tube drainage is now 8 ml/kg/hr.What should be the nurse's initial intervention?

Accepted Answer

A)  Apply warming blankets. 
B)  Notify the practitioner of these findings. 
C)  Give additional pain medication per protocol. 
D)  Encourage child to cough, turn, and deep breathe. 
A)  Apply warming blankets. 
B)  Notify the practitioner of these findings. 
C)  Give additional pain medication per protocol. 
D)  Encourage child to cough, turn, and deep breathe.

Question 13

The nurse is caring for a child with secondary hypertension.What renal disorders are associated with secondary hypertension?

Accepted Answer

A)  Renal tumor 
B)  Hydronephrosis 
C)  Vesicoureteral reflux 
D)  Glomerulonephritis 
E)  Urinary tract infection 
A)  Renal tumor 
B)  Hydronephrosis 
C)  Vesicoureteral reflux 
D)  Glomerulonephritis 
E)  Urinary tract infection

Question 14

Decreasing the demands on the heart is a priority in care for the infant with heart failure (HF).In evaluating the infant's status,which finding is indicative of achieving this goal?

Accepted Answer

A)  Irritability when awake 
B)  Capillary refill of more than 5 seconds 
C)  Appropriate weight gain for age 
D)  Positioned in high Fowler position to maintain oxygen saturation at 90% 
A)  Irritability when awake 
B)  Capillary refill of more than 5 seconds 
C)  Appropriate weight gain for age 
D)  Positioned in high Fowler position to maintain oxygen saturation at 90%

Question 15

A 12-year-old child with Down syndrome is admitted to the hospital for surgical correction of a heart defect.The boy's mental age is that of a 3-year-old child.The nurse should prepare the child and family for surgery by what method?

Accepted Answer

A)  Extend preoperative teaching over several days. 
B)  Explain the surgery to the child and the parents in detail. 
C)  Exclude the child from preoperative teaching; teach only the parents. 
D)  Provide teaching to the parents, keeping the information to the child simple. 
A)  Extend preoperative teaching over several days. 
B)  Explain the surgery to the child and the parents in detail. 
C)  Exclude the child from preoperative teaching; teach only the parents. 
D)  Provide teaching to the parents, keeping the information to the child simple.

Question 16

A 6-year-old child is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization.What consideration is most important in planning preoperative teaching?

Accepted Answer

A)  Preoperative teaching should be directed at his parents because he is too young to understand. 
B)  Preoperative teaching should be adapted to his level of development so that he can understand. 
C)  Preoperative teaching should be done several days before the procedure so he will be prepared. 
D)  Preoperative teaching should provide details about the actual procedures so he will know what to expect. 
A)  Preoperative teaching should be directed at his parents because he is too young to understand. 
B)  Preoperative teaching should be adapted to his level of development so that he can understand. 
C)  Preoperative teaching should be done several days before the procedure so he will be prepared. 
D)  Preoperative teaching should provide details about the actual procedures so he will know what to expect.

Question 17

What primary nursing intervention should be implemented to prevent bacterial endocarditis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Counsel parents of high-risk children. 
B)  Institute measures to prevent dental procedures. 
C)  Encourage restricted mobility in susceptible children. 
D)  Observe children for complications, such as embolism and heart failure. 
A)  Counsel parents of high-risk children. 
B)  Institute measures to prevent dental procedures. 
C)  Encourage restricted mobility in susceptible children. 
D)  Observe children for complications, such as embolism and heart failure.

Question 18

Match the cardiac terms with their definitions.
-The two bottom chambers of the heart

Accepted Answer

A) Mitral valve 
B) Tricuspid valve 
C) Atria 
D) Ventricles 
A) Mitral valve 
B) Tricuspid valve 
C) Atria 
D) Ventricles

Question 19

What structural defects constitute tetralogy of Fallot?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy 
B)  Aortic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy 
C)  Aortic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, left ventricular hypertrophy 
D)  Pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, aortic hypertrophy, left ventricular hypertrophy 
A)  Pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy 
B)  Aortic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy 
C)  Aortic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, left ventricular hypertrophy 
D)  Pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, aortic hypertrophy, left ventricular hypertrophy

Question 20

What nutritional component should be altered in the infant with heart failure (HF)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decrease in fats 
B)  Increase in fluids 
C)  Decrease in protein 
D)  Increase in calories 
A)  Decrease in fats 
B)  Increase in fluids 
C)  Decrease in protein 
D)  Increase in calories

Exam 29: The Child With Cardiovascular Dysfunction

The nurse is teaching an adolescent with hypertension foods recommended on the DASH diet.What foods should the nurse include in the teaching session?

The nurse is teaching parents about administering digoxin (Lanoxin).What instructions should the nurse tell the parents?

The diagnosis of hypertension depends on accurate assessment of blood pressure (BP).What is the appropriate technique to measure a child's BP?

An infant is diagnosed with transposition of the great vessels.Prostaglandin E1 is given intravenously.The parents ask how long the child will remain on the prostaglandin E1.What is the appropriate response by the nurse?

The nurse finds that a 6-month-old infant has an apical pulse of 166 beats/min during sleep.What nursing intervention is most appropriate at this time?

Heart failure (HF)is a problem after the child has had a congenital heart defect repaired.The nurse knows a sign of HF is what?

What drug is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)inhibitor?

What interventions should the nurse anticipate being administered to a child with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)?

Match the normal findings of an ECG with their definitions. -Represents the time that the ventricles are in the absolute refractory period

The nurse notices that a child is increasingly apprehensive and has tachycardia after heart surgery.The chest tube drainage is now 8 ml/kg/hr.What should be the nurse's initial intervention?

The nurse is caring for a child with secondary hypertension.What renal disorders are associated with secondary hypertension?

Decreasing the demands on the heart is a priority in care for the infant with heart failure (HF).In evaluating the infant's status,which finding is indicative of achieving this goal?

A 12-year-old child with Down syndrome is admitted to the hospital for surgical correction of a heart defect.The boy's mental age is that of a 3-year-old child.The nurse should prepare the child and family for surgery by what method?

A 6-year-old child is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization.What consideration is most important in planning preoperative teaching?

What primary nursing intervention should be implemented to prevent bacterial endocarditis?

Match the cardiac terms with their definitions. -The two bottom chambers of the heart

What structural defects constitute tetralogy of Fallot?

What nutritional component should be altered in the infant with heart failure (HF)?

Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing

Social,cultural,religious,and Family Influences on Child Health Promotion

Hereditary Influences on Health Promotion of the Child and Family

Communication, physical, and Developmental Assessment

Pain Assessment and Management in Children

Childhood Communicable and Infectious Diseases

Health Promotion of the Newborn and Family

Health Problems of Newborns

The High-Risk Newborn and Family

Health Promotion of the Infant and Family

Health Problems of the Infant

Health Promotion of the Toddler and Family

Health Promotion of the Preschooler and Family

Health Problems of Early Childhood

Health Promotion of the School-Age Child and Family

Health Problems of the School-Age Child

Health Promotion of the Adolescent and Family

Health Problems of the Adolescent

Family-Centered Care of the Child With Chronic Illness or Disability

Family-Centered Palliative Care

The Child With Cognitive, sensory, or Communication Impairment

Family-Centered Care of the Child During Illness and Hospitalization

Pediatric Nursing Interventions and Skills

The Child With Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance

The Child With Renal Dysfunction

The Child With Gastrointestinal Dysfunction

Overview of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Exchange

The Child With Respiratory Dysfunction

The Child With Hematologic or Immunologic Dysfunction

The Child With Cancer

The Child With Cerebral Dysfunction

The Child With Endocrine Dysfunction

The Child With Musculoskeletal or Articular Dysfunction

The Child With Neuromuscular or Muscular Dysfunction

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