Question 1

In providing nourishment for a child with cystic fibrosis (CF),what factors should the nurse keep in mind?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fats and proteins must be greatly curtailed. 
B)  Most fruits and vegetables are not well tolerated. 
C)  Diet should be high in calories, proteins, and unrestricted fats. 
D)  Diet should be low fat but high in calories and proteins. 
A)  Fats and proteins must be greatly curtailed. 
B)  Most fruits and vegetables are not well tolerated. 
C)  Diet should be high in calories, proteins, and unrestricted fats. 
D)  Diet should be low fat but high in calories and proteins.

Question 2

It is important that a child with acute streptococcal pharyngitis be treated with antibiotics to prevent which condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Otitis media 
B)  Diabetes insipidus (DI) 
C)  Nephrotic syndrome 
D)  Acute rheumatic fever 
A)  Otitis media 
B)  Diabetes insipidus (DI) 
C)  Nephrotic syndrome 
D)  Acute rheumatic fever

Question 3

The nurse is preparing to admit a 3-year-old child with acute spasmodic laryngitis.What clinical features of hepatitis B should the nurse recognize?

Accepted Answer

A)  High fever 
B)  Croupy cough 
C)  Tendency to recur 
D)  Purulent secretions 
E)  Occurs sudden, often at night 
A)  High fever 
B)  Croupy cough 
C)  Tendency to recur 
D)  Purulent secretions 
E)  Occurs sudden, often at night

Question 4

A 1-year-old child has acute otitis media (AOM)and is being treated with oral antibiotics.What should the nurse include in the discharge teaching to the infant's parents?

Accepted Answer

A)  A follow-up visit should be done after all medicine has been given. 
B)  After an episode of acute otitis media, hearing loss usually occurs. 
C)  Tylenol should not be given because it may mask symptoms. 
D)  The infant will probably need a myringotomy procedure and tubes. 
A)  A follow-up visit should be done after all medicine has been given. 
B)  After an episode of acute otitis media, hearing loss usually occurs. 
C)  Tylenol should not be given because it may mask symptoms. 
D)  The infant will probably need a myringotomy procedure and tubes.

Question 5

What statement best represents infectious mononucleosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Herpes simplex type 2 is the principal cause. 
B)  A complete blood count shows a characteristic leukopenia. 
C)  A short course of ampicillin is used when pharyngitis is present. 
D)  Clinical signs and symptoms and blood tests are both needed to establish the diagnosis. 
A)  Herpes simplex type 2 is the principal cause. 
B)  A complete blood count shows a characteristic leukopenia. 
C)  A short course of ampicillin is used when pharyngitis is present. 
D)  Clinical signs and symptoms and blood tests are both needed to establish the diagnosis.

Question 6

What consideration is most important in managing tuberculosis (TB)in children?

Accepted Answer

A)  Skin testing 
B)  Chemotherapy 
C)  Adequate rest 
D)  Adequate hydration 
A)  Skin testing 
B)  Chemotherapy 
C)  Adequate rest 
D)  Adequate hydration

Question 7

An infant with bronchiolitis is hospitalized.The causative organism is respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).The nurse knows that a child infected with this virus requires what type of isolation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reverse isolation 
B)  Airborne isolation 
C)  Contact Precautions 
D)  Standard Precautions 
A)  Reverse isolation 
B)  Airborne isolation 
C)  Contact Precautions 
D)  Standard Precautions

Question 8

The parent of an infant with nasopharyngitis should be instructed to notify the health professional if the infant shows signs or symptoms of which condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Has a cough 
B)  Becomes fussy 
C)  Shows signs of an earache 
D)  Has a fever higher than 37.5° C (99° F) 
A)  Has a cough 
B)  Becomes fussy 
C)  Shows signs of an earache 
D)  Has a fever higher than 37.5° C (99° F)

Question 9

The nurse encourages the mother of a toddler with acute laryngotracheobronchitis to stay at the bedside as much as possible.What is the primary rationale for this action?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mothers of hospitalized toddlers often experience guilt. 
B)  The mother's presence will reduce anxiety and ease the child's respiratory efforts. 
C)  Separation from the mother is a major developmental threat at this age. 
D)  The mother can provide constant observations of the child's respiratory efforts. 
A)  Mothers of hospitalized toddlers often experience guilt. 
B)  The mother's presence will reduce anxiety and ease the child's respiratory efforts. 
C)  Separation from the mother is a major developmental threat at this age. 
D)  The mother can provide constant observations of the child's respiratory efforts.

Question 10

A child with asthma is having pulmonary function tests.What rationale explains the purpose of the peak expiratory flow rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  To assess severity of asthma 
B)  To determine cause of asthma 
C)  To identify "triggers" of asthma 
D)  To confirm diagnosis of asthma 
A)  To assess severity of asthma 
B)  To determine cause of asthma 
C)  To identify "triggers" of asthma 
D)  To confirm diagnosis of asthma

Question 11

The nurse is preparing a staff education program about pediatric asthma.What concepts should the nurse include when discussing the asthma severity classification system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Children with mild persistent asthma have nighttime signs or symptoms less than two times a month. 
B)  Children with moderate persistent asthma use a short-acting b-agonist more than two times per week. 
C)  Children with severe persistent asthma have a peak expiratory flow (PEF) of 60% to 80% of predicted value. 
D)  Children with mild persistent asthma have signs or symptoms more than two times per week. 
E)  Children with moderate persistent asthma have some limitations with normal activity.
F) Children with severe persistent asthma have frequent nighttime signs or symptoms. 
A)  Children with mild persistent asthma have nighttime signs or symptoms less than two times a month. 
B)  Children with moderate persistent asthma use a short-acting b-agonist more than two times per week. 
C)  Children with severe persistent asthma have a peak expiratory flow (PEF) of 60% to 80% of predicted value. 
D)  Children with mild persistent asthma have signs or symptoms more than two times per week. 
E)  Children with moderate persistent asthma have some limitations with normal activity.
F) Children with severe persistent asthma have frequent nighttime signs or symptoms.

Question 12

One of the goals for children with asthma is to maintain the child's normal functioning.What principle of treatment helps to accomplish this goal?

Accepted Answer

A)  Limit participation in sports. 
B)  Reduce underlying inflammation. 
C)  Minimize use of pharmacologic agents. 
D)  Have yearly evaluations by a health care provider. 
A)  Limit participation in sports. 
B)  Reduce underlying inflammation. 
C)  Minimize use of pharmacologic agents. 
D)  Have yearly evaluations by a health care provider.

Question 13

The nurse is preparing to admit a 7-year-old child with acute laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB).What clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dysphagia 
B)  Brassy cough 
C)  Low-grade fever 
D)  Toxic appearance 
E)  Slowly progressive 
A)  Dysphagia 
B)  Brassy cough 
C)  Low-grade fever 
D)  Toxic appearance 
E)  Slowly progressive

Question 14

Why are cool-mist vaporizers rather than steam vaporizers recommended in the home treatment of respiratory infections?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are safer. 
B)  They are less expensive. 
C)  Respiratory secretions are dried by steam vaporizers. 
D)  A more comfortable environment is produced. 
A)  They are safer. 
B)  They are less expensive. 
C)  Respiratory secretions are dried by steam vaporizers. 
D)  A more comfortable environment is produced.

Question 15

A child is diagnosed with active pulmonary tuberculosis.What medications does the nurse anticipate to be prescribed for the first 2 months?

Accepted Answer

A)  Isoniazid (INH) 
B)  Cefuroxime (Ceftin) 
C)  Rifampin (Rifadin) 
D)  Pyrazinamide (PZ
A)  
E)  Ethambutol (Myambutol) 
A)  Isoniazid (INH) 
B)  Cefuroxime (Ceftin) 
C)  Rifampin (Rifadin) 
D)  Pyrazinamide (PZ
A)  
E)  Ethambutol (Myambutol)

Question 16

A child has a chronic cough and diffuse wheezing during the expiratory phase of respiration.This suggests what condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Asthma 
B)  Pneumonia 
C)  Bronchiolitis 
D)  Foreign body in trachea 
A)  Asthma 
B)  Pneumonia 
C)  Bronchiolitis 
D)  Foreign body in trachea

Question 17

The nurse is caring for a newborn with suspected congenital diaphragmatic hernia.What of the following findings would the nurse expect to observe?

Accepted Answer

A)  Loud, harsh murmur 
B)  Scaphoid abdomen 
C)  Poor peripheral pulses 
D)  Mediastinal shift 
E)  Inguinal swelling
F) Moderate respiratory distress 
A)  Loud, harsh murmur 
B)  Scaphoid abdomen 
C)  Poor peripheral pulses 
D)  Mediastinal shift 
E)  Inguinal swelling
F) Moderate respiratory distress

Question 18

A child is admitted with acute laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB).The child will most likely be treated with which?

Accepted Answer

A)  Racemic epinephrine and corticosteroids 
B)  Nebulizer treatments and oxygen 
C)  Antibiotics and albuterol 
D)  Chest physiotherapy and humidity 
A)  Racemic epinephrine and corticosteroids 
B)  Nebulizer treatments and oxygen 
C)  Antibiotics and albuterol 
D)  Chest physiotherapy and humidity

Question 19

An infant has been diagnosed with staphylococcal pneumonia.Nursing care of the child with pneumonia includes which intervention?

Accepted Answer

A)  Administration of antibiotics 
B)  Frequent complete assessment of the infant 
C)  Round-the-clock administration of antitussive agents 
D)  Strict monitoring of intake and output to avoid congestive heart failure 
A)  Administration of antibiotics 
B)  Frequent complete assessment of the infant 
C)  Round-the-clock administration of antitussive agents 
D)  Strict monitoring of intake and output to avoid congestive heart failure

Question 20

What interventions can the nurse teach parents to do to ease respiratory efforts for a child with a mild respiratory tract infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cool mist 
B)  Warm mist 
C)  Steam vaporizer 
D)  Keep child in a flat, quiet position 
E)  Run a shower of hot water to produce steam 
A)  Cool mist 
B)  Warm mist 
C)  Steam vaporizer 
D)  Keep child in a flat, quiet position 
E)  Run a shower of hot water to produce steam

Exam 28: The Child With Respiratory Dysfunction

In providing nourishment for a child with cystic fibrosis (CF),what factors should the nurse keep in mind?

It is important that a child with acute streptococcal pharyngitis be treated with antibiotics to prevent which condition?

The nurse is preparing to admit a 3-year-old child with acute spasmodic laryngitis.What clinical features of hepatitis B should the nurse recognize?

A 1-year-old child has acute otitis media (AOM)and is being treated with oral antibiotics.What should the nurse include in the discharge teaching to the infant's parents?

What statement best represents infectious mononucleosis?

What consideration is most important in managing tuberculosis (TB)in children?

An infant with bronchiolitis is hospitalized.The causative organism is respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).The nurse knows that a child infected with this virus requires what type of isolation?

The parent of an infant with nasopharyngitis should be instructed to notify the health professional if the infant shows signs or symptoms of which condition?

The nurse encourages the mother of a toddler with acute laryngotracheobronchitis to stay at the bedside as much as possible.What is the primary rationale for this action?

A child with asthma is having pulmonary function tests.What rationale explains the purpose of the peak expiratory flow rate?

The nurse is preparing a staff education program about pediatric asthma.What concepts should the nurse include when discussing the asthma severity classification system?

One of the goals for children with asthma is to maintain the child's normal functioning.What principle of treatment helps to accomplish this goal?

The nurse is preparing to admit a 7-year-old child with acute laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB).What clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe?

Why are cool-mist vaporizers rather than steam vaporizers recommended in the home treatment of respiratory infections?

A child is diagnosed with active pulmonary tuberculosis.What medications does the nurse anticipate to be prescribed for the first 2 months?

A child has a chronic cough and diffuse wheezing during the expiratory phase of respiration.This suggests what condition?

The nurse is caring for a newborn with suspected congenital diaphragmatic hernia.What of the following findings would the nurse expect to observe?

A child is admitted with acute laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB).The child will most likely be treated with which?

An infant has been diagnosed with staphylococcal pneumonia.Nursing care of the child with pneumonia includes which intervention?

What interventions can the nurse teach parents to do to ease respiratory efforts for a child with a mild respiratory tract infection?

Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing

Social,cultural,religious,and Family Influences on Child Health Promotion

Hereditary Influences on Health Promotion of the Child and Family

Communication, physical, and Developmental Assessment

Pain Assessment and Management in Children

Childhood Communicable and Infectious Diseases

Health Promotion of the Newborn and Family

Health Problems of Newborns

The High-Risk Newborn and Family

Health Promotion of the Infant and Family

Health Problems of the Infant

Health Promotion of the Toddler and Family

Health Promotion of the Preschooler and Family

Health Problems of Early Childhood

Health Promotion of the School-Age Child and Family

Health Problems of the School-Age Child

Health Promotion of the Adolescent and Family

Health Problems of the Adolescent

Family-Centered Care of the Child With Chronic Illness or Disability

Family-Centered Palliative Care

The Child With Cognitive, sensory, or Communication Impairment

Family-Centered Care of the Child During Illness and Hospitalization

Pediatric Nursing Interventions and Skills

The Child With Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance

The Child With Renal Dysfunction

The Child With Gastrointestinal Dysfunction

Overview of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Exchange

The Child With Cardiovascular Dysfunction

The Child With Hematologic or Immunologic Dysfunction

The Child With Cancer

The Child With Cerebral Dysfunction

The Child With Endocrine Dysfunction

The Child With Musculoskeletal or Articular Dysfunction

The Child With Neuromuscular or Muscular Dysfunction

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