Question 1

What is acid rain?

Accepted Answer

Acid rain is precipitation whose acidity

Question 2

According to Brym and Lie,during "the era of naïve optimism" people regarded scientists:

Accepted Answer

A) as having ulterior motives for their work 
B) as being under the control of big corporations and big government 
C) as a sort of priesthood whose objectivity allowed them to stand outside the everyday world and perform near-magical acts 
D) all of these choices 
E) none of these choices 
A) as having ulterior motives for their work 
B) as being under the control of big corporations and big government 
C) as a sort of priesthood whose objectivity allowed them to stand outside the everyday world and perform near-magical acts 
D) all of these choices 
E) none of these choices

Question 3

A technique developed by molecular biologists in the last few decades that involves joining bits of DNA from a donor to the DNA of a host is called:

Accepted Answer

A) biodiversity 
B) recombinant DNA 
C) reorganized DNA 
D) research DNA 
E) malleable DNA 
A) biodiversity 
B) recombinant DNA 
C) reorganized DNA 
D) research DNA 
E) malleable DNA

Question 4

Explain how the social construction of environmental problems shapes the way we perceive them.

Accepted Answer

The social construction of environmental

Question 5

Environmental racism tends to endanger:

Accepted Answer

A) racial minorities exclusively. 
B) factory workers in particular. 
C) racial minority factory workers specifically. 
D) the disadvantaged,especially disadvantaged racial minorities. 
E) women across the social class hierarchy. 
A) racial minorities exclusively. 
B) factory workers in particular. 
C) racial minority factory workers specifically. 
D) the disadvantaged,especially disadvantaged racial minorities. 
E) women across the social class hierarchy.

Question 6

According to Ulrich Beck,environmental threats are more widespread,chronic,and ambiguous than technological accidents.This makes environmental threats more:

Accepted Answer

A) stressful 
B) predictable 
C) manageable 
D) organizational 
E) risky 
A) stressful 
B) predictable 
C) manageable 
D) organizational 
E) risky

Question 7

If policy-oriented scientists,the environmental movement,the mass media,and respected organizations discover and promote environmental issues,this is enough for an environmental issue to be turned into a social problem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

According to Brym and Lie,the possibility of genetically programming babies to have extraordinary intellectual and physical potential is likely to:

Accepted Answer

A) speed up and improve the slow and imperfect process of natural evolution 
B) be enjoyed only by the well to do 
C) introduce an era of increased social inequality and low mobility 
D) all of these choices 
E) none of these choices 
A) speed up and improve the slow and imperfect process of natural evolution 
B) be enjoyed only by the well to do 
C) introduce an era of increased social inequality and low mobility 
D) all of these choices 
E) none of these choices

Question 9

According to Charles Darwin,human survival depends on:

Accepted Answer

A) competition 
B) cooperation 
C) competition and cooperation 
D) social evolution 
E) none of these choices 
A) competition 
B) cooperation 
C) competition and cooperation 
D) social evolution 
E) none of these choices

Question 10

Even in the late 1980s,nearly ____ of the biotechnology scientists who belonged to the prestigious National Academy of Science had industry affiliations?

Accepted Answer

A) 75% 
B) 40% 
C) 25% 
D) 10% 
E) 90% 
A) 75% 
B) 40% 
C) 25% 
D) 10% 
E) 90%

Question 11

The accumulation of carbon dioxide in the air allows more solar radiation to enter the atmosphere and less heat to escape.This is known as:

Accepted Answer

A) genetic pollution 
B) industrial pollution 
C) the decline of biodiversity 
D) the greenhouse effect 
E) the decline of biodiversity. 
A) genetic pollution 
B) industrial pollution 
C) the decline of biodiversity 
D) the greenhouse effect 
E) the decline of biodiversity.

Question 12

The Russian economist Nikolai Kondratiev noted that technologies are invented in clusters.Moreover,he noted that such flurries of creativity cause major economic growth spurts about ____ years later and have a lasting influence for ____ years.

Accepted Answer

A) 1-2; 5-15 
B) 10-20; 25-35 
C) 30-40; 35-55 
D) 40-50; 40-50 
A) 1-2; 5-15 
B) 10-20; 25-35 
C) 30-40; 35-55 
D) 40-50; 40-50

Question 13

In 1997,American research and development spending reached over $200 billion dollars,up from over $74 billion in 1960.During that same period the proportion of research and development spending by government:

Accepted Answer

A) rose from 33% of the total to 65% 
B) stayed approximately the same: 33% 
C) fell from 66% of the total to 33% 
D) stayed approximately the same: 65% 
E) none of these choices 
A) rose from 33% of the total to 65% 
B) stayed approximately the same: 33% 
C) fell from 66% of the total to 33% 
D) stayed approximately the same: 65% 
E) none of these choices

Question 14

The possibility of having children genetically altered would free all children,regardless of class or social standing,from the possibility of inherited diseases and physical abnormalities.It would also put all children of the future on an equal footing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Define normal accidents.

Accepted Answer

Normal accidents are accidents

Question 16

The enormous variety of plant and animal species inhabiting the earth is called:

Accepted Answer

A) genetic pollution 
B) industrial waste 
C) biodiversity 
D) acid rain 
E) ozone destruction 
A) genetic pollution 
B) industrial waste 
C) biodiversity 
D) acid rain 
E) ozone destruction

Question 17

One of the serious concerns in using genetically engineered food and organisms is that:

Accepted Answer

A) we cannot predict the exact environmental consequences 
B) we can predict only the positive environmental consequences 
C) genetic manipulation will be too popular to keep up with demand 
D) b and c 
E) a and c 
A) we cannot predict the exact environmental consequences 
B) we can predict only the positive environmental consequences 
C) genetic manipulation will be too popular to keep up with demand 
D) b and c 
E) a and c

Question 18

The tendency to heap environmental dangers on disadvantaged racial minorities is called:

Accepted Answer

A) environmental dumping 
B) community pollution 
C) environmental racism 
D) ecological prejudice 
E) racist environmentalism 
A) environmental dumping 
B) community pollution 
C) environmental racism 
D) ecological prejudice 
E) racist environmentalism

Question 19

"Normal accidents" refer to the idea that technology will not fail if human subjectivity can be removed from its implementation and operation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The idea of people inventing machines that destroy their creators:

Accepted Answer

A) is a new idea. 
B) is a unique idea portrayed in The Matrix and The Terminator movies. 
C) first surfaced in the 1950s. 
D) All of the above. 
E) None of the above. 
A) is a new idea. 
B) is a unique idea portrayed in The Matrix and The Terminator movies. 
C) first surfaced in the 1950s. 
D) All of the above. 
E) None of the above.

Exam 22: Technology and the Global Environment

What is acid rain?

According to Brym and Lie,during "the era of naïve optimism" people regarded scientists:

A technique developed by molecular biologists in the last few decades that involves joining bits of DNA from a donor to the DNA of a host is called:

Explain how the social construction of environmental problems shapes the way we perceive them.

Environmental racism tends to endanger:

According to Ulrich Beck,environmental threats are more widespread,chronic,and ambiguous than technological accidents.This makes environmental threats more:

If policy-oriented scientists,the environmental movement,the mass media,and respected organizations discover and promote environmental issues,this is enough for an environmental issue to be turned into a social problem.

According to Brym and Lie,the possibility of genetically programming babies to have extraordinary intellectual and physical potential is likely to:

According to Charles Darwin,human survival depends on:

Even in the late 1980s,nearly ____ of the biotechnology scientists who belonged to the prestigious National Academy of Science had industry affiliations?

The accumulation of carbon dioxide in the air allows more solar radiation to enter the atmosphere and less heat to escape.This is known as:

The Russian economist Nikolai Kondratiev noted that technologies are invented in clusters.Moreover,he noted that such flurries of creativity cause major economic growth spurts about ____ years later and have a lasting influence for ____ years.

In 1997,American research and development spending reached over $200 billion dollars,up from over $74 billion in 1960.During that same period the proportion of research and development spending by government:

The possibility of having children genetically altered would free all children,regardless of class or social standing,from the possibility of inherited diseases and physical abnormalities.It would also put all children of the future on an equal footing.

Define normal accidents.

The enormous variety of plant and animal species inhabiting the earth is called:

One of the serious concerns in using genetically engineered food and organisms is that:

The tendency to heap environmental dangers on disadvantaged racial minorities is called:

"Normal accidents" refer to the idea that technology will not fail if human subjectivity can be removed from its implementation and operation.

The idea of people inventing machines that destroy their creators:

A Sociological Compass

How Sociologists Do Research

Culture

Socialization

Social Interaction

Social Collectivities: Groups to Societies

Deviance and Crime

Stratification: United States and Global Perspectives

Globalization, Inequality, and Development

Race and Ethnicity

Sexuality and Gender

Sociology of the Body: Disability, Aging, and Death

Work and the Economy

Politics

Families

Religion

Education

The Mass Media

Health and Medicine

Population and Urbanization

Collective Action and Social Movements

Filters

The Russian economist Nikolai Kondratiev noted that technologies are invented in clusters.Moreover,he noted that such flurries of creativity cause major economic growth spurts about years later and have a lasting influence for years.