Question 1

The idea that contemporary society distributes risk among all categories of the population is associated with which of the following terms?

Accepted Answer

A) the matrix syndrome 
B) technological determinism 
C) normal accidents 
D) technopoly 
E) risk society 
A) the matrix syndrome 
B) technological determinism 
C) normal accidents 
D) technopoly 
E) risk society

Question 2

The application of scientific principles to the improvement of human life is called:

Accepted Answer

A) the matrix 
B) technology 
C) normal accidents 
D) social improvements 
E) the risk society 
A) the matrix 
B) technology 
C) normal accidents 
D) social improvements 
E) the risk society

Question 3

When a nonnative organism enters a new environment it can:

Accepted Answer

A) adapt without a problem 
B) destroy native organisms 
C) revert to an older organismic form 
D) destroy native organisms and revert to an older form 
E) adapt without a problem and destroy native organisms 
A) adapt without a problem 
B) destroy native organisms 
C) revert to an older organismic form 
D) destroy native organisms and revert to an older form 
E) adapt without a problem and destroy native organisms

Question 4

Because of the need to bioengineer and use biotechnology to make good food for everyone,large multinational companies share their patents and information.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The ability of the market and high technology to respond effectively to environmental issues is illustrated by:

Accepted Answer

A) the "green revolution" of the 1960s 
B) the introduction of diesel-electric hybrid cars by General Motors and Ford 
C) the decline in industrial pollution in the United States between 1990 and 1999 
D) all of these choices 
E) none of these choices 
A) the "green revolution" of the 1960s 
B) the introduction of diesel-electric hybrid cars by General Motors and Ford 
C) the decline in industrial pollution in the United States between 1990 and 1999 
D) all of these choices 
E) none of these choices

Question 6

A gradual increase in the world's average surface temperature is known as:

Accepted Answer

A) genetic pollution 
B) industrial pollution 
C) the decline of biodiversity 
D) global warming 
E) all of these choices 
A) genetic pollution 
B) industrial pollution 
C) the decline of biodiversity 
D) global warming 
E) all of these choices

Question 7

Why are environmentally dangerous installations most likely to be built in poor communities with a high percentage of African Americans and Hispanic Americans?

Accepted Answer

A) disadvantaged people are often too politically weak to oppose such facilities 
B) the job opportunities afforded by such installations may appear attractive to them 
C) both of these choices 
D) none of these choices 
A) disadvantaged people are often too politically weak to oppose such facilities 
B) the job opportunities afforded by such installations may appear attractive to them 
C) both of these choices 
D) none of these choices

Question 8

The United States had fewer than 10,000 research scientists before World War I.Today,it has:

Accepted Answer

A) less than 10,000 because of the reliance on computers 
B) more than a million 
C) just over 100,000 
D) more than 10 million 
A) less than 10,000 because of the reliance on computers 
B) more than a million 
C) just over 100,000 
D) more than 10 million

Question 9

Mass-producing cars,sending a man to the moon,and other technology feats in the 1900s required:

Accepted Answer

A) enormous capital investment 
B) detailed attention to the way work is organized 
C) many technical experts 
D) all of these choices 
E) none of these choices 
A) enormous capital investment 
B) detailed attention to the way work is organized 
C) many technical experts 
D) all of these choices 
E) none of these choices

Question 10

Thomas Edison was able to create his inventions due to:

Accepted Answer

A) his personal genius and commitment 
B) the work of expensive team efforts 
C) the support of large corporations such as General Electric 
D) federal government support 
E) his personal genius and commitment combined with expensive team efforts 
A) his personal genius and commitment 
B) the work of expensive team efforts 
C) the support of large corporations such as General Electric 
D) federal government support 
E) his personal genius and commitment combined with expensive team efforts

Question 11

Data from NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies show that the world's annual average surface air temperature is decreasing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The United States has less than ____% of the world's population and uses about ____% of the world's resources.

Accepted Answer

A) 20%; 50% 
B) 15%; 40% 
C) 10%; 30% 
D) 5%; 25% 
A) 20%; 50% 
B) 15%; 40% 
C) 10%; 30% 
D) 5%; 25%

Question 13

According to Brym and Lie,access to large research grants,well-paying jobs,expensive state-of-the-art equipment,and the possibility of winning patents and achieving commercial success:

Accepted Answer

A) make scientific research less complicated now than it was just a decade ago 
B) have little or no effect of the kind of research that scientists do 
C) help to define the kind of research that scientists do 
D) are far less important than individual interests,personal creativity,and the state of a field's intellectual development in defining the kind of research that scientists do 
A) make scientific research less complicated now than it was just a decade ago 
B) have little or no effect of the kind of research that scientists do 
C) help to define the kind of research that scientists do 
D) are far less important than individual interests,personal creativity,and the state of a field's intellectual development in defining the kind of research that scientists do

Question 14

The first long-term nuclear waste repository in the United States,located ____,is scheduled to open in 2010,but delays are expected due to numerous regulatory and legal battles.

Accepted Answer

A) deep inside Nevada's Yucca Mountain 
B) in the Alaskan wilderness 
C) in offshore containment rigs in the Gulf of Mexico 
D) on remote federal land in Tennessee 
E) in a series of deep,interconnected tunnels in North Dakota 
A) deep inside Nevada's Yucca Mountain 
B) in the Alaskan wilderness 
C) in offshore containment rigs in the Gulf of Mexico 
D) on remote federal land in Tennessee 
E) in a series of deep,interconnected tunnels in North Dakota

Question 15

On average,people in the less developed countries are ____ concerned about the environment than (as)people in rich countries.

Accepted Answer

A) more 
B) less 
C) as 
D) much less 
A) more 
B) less 
C) as 
D) much less

Question 16

Large multinational corporations now routinely invest enormous sums in research and development to increase their chance of being the first to bring innovations to market.Therefore,the time lag between new discoveries and technological application:

Accepted Answer

A) is shrinking 
B) is increasing 
C) is remaining the same 
D) is unknown 
E) depends on the technological application 
A) is shrinking 
B) is increasing 
C) is remaining the same 
D) is unknown 
E) depends on the technological application

Question 17

The Russian economist Nikolai Kondratiev noticed that technologies are invented in clusters.Based on that observation he argued that flurries of creativity cause major economic growth spurts beginning 10-20 years after a cluster of major inventions and have a lasting influence for 15-35 years.Does Kondratiev's argument suggest that culture is defined and shaped by technology?

Accepted Answer

Nikolai Kondratiev, a Russian economist,

Question 18

A form of oxygen that blocks ultraviolet radiation from the sun is called:

Accepted Answer

A) genetic pollution 
B) industrial waste 
C) the decline of biodiversity 
D) acid rain 
E) ozone 
A) genetic pollution 
B) industrial waste 
C) the decline of biodiversity 
D) acid rain 
E) ozone

Question 19

Brym and Lie contend that market and technological solutions are insufficient by themselves to overcome the dangers of environmental degradation caused by technology.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

What causes environmental racism? What can be done to solve this problem?

Accepted Answer

Environmental racism is caused by the di

Exam 22: Technology and the Global Environment

The idea that contemporary society distributes risk among all categories of the population is associated with which of the following terms?

The application of scientific principles to the improvement of human life is called:

When a nonnative organism enters a new environment it can:

Because of the need to bioengineer and use biotechnology to make good food for everyone,large multinational companies share their patents and information.

The ability of the market and high technology to respond effectively to environmental issues is illustrated by:

A gradual increase in the world's average surface temperature is known as:

Why are environmentally dangerous installations most likely to be built in poor communities with a high percentage of African Americans and Hispanic Americans?

The United States had fewer than 10,000 research scientists before World War I.Today,it has:

Mass-producing cars,sending a man to the moon,and other technology feats in the 1900s required:

Thomas Edison was able to create his inventions due to:

Data from NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies show that the world's annual average surface air temperature is decreasing.

The United States has less than ____% of the world's population and uses about ____% of the world's resources.

According to Brym and Lie,access to large research grants,well-paying jobs,expensive state-of-the-art equipment,and the possibility of winning patents and achieving commercial success:

The first long-term nuclear waste repository in the United States,located ____,is scheduled to open in 2010,but delays are expected due to numerous regulatory and legal battles.

On average,people in the less developed countries are ____ concerned about the environment than (as)people in rich countries.

Large multinational corporations now routinely invest enormous sums in research and development to increase their chance of being the first to bring innovations to market.Therefore,the time lag between new discoveries and technological application:

A form of oxygen that blocks ultraviolet radiation from the sun is called:

Brym and Lie contend that market and technological solutions are insufficient by themselves to overcome the dangers of environmental degradation caused by technology.

What causes environmental racism? What can be done to solve this problem?

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