Exam 9: Business in Politics

_____ advocacy suggests the election or defeat of a candidate using specific words like "vote for," "defeat," or "support."

_____ occurs when a lawmaker or official seeks or receives anything of value because of an official action taken in the past or to be performed in the future.

A governmental committee formed by a company that makes campaign contributions by getting money from individual employees,not the corporate treasury,is called a:

How did the political and business climate change after World War II?

What are the major reasons for the diffusion of power in the government? Discuss.D.C.Three major reasons for this are (1)reforms in Congress,(2)the decline of political parties,and (3)increased complexity of government. Reforms in Congress: Traditionally,a few party leaders and powerful committee chairs ran the House and Senate autocratically.In 1974,there was an uprising of junior legislators who passed procedural reforms to democratize Congress.After 1974,subcommittees could hold hearings on any subject they wished;they developed large staffs and often became small fiefdoms of independent action.Business lobbyists had to contact nearly every member of a committee or subcommittee to get support for a measure,rather than just the chair. The decline of political parties: The media,particularly television,began to supplant the parties as a source of information about candidates.After 1974,increasingly independent legislators appealed directly to corporations and interests for contributions.The electorate grew more educated and independent than in past eras.More people split their ballots and used decision cues other than party labels.For all these reasons,the power of parties has ebbed over time. Increased complexity of government: With the growth in size and complexity of the federal government,Washington today is a maze of competing power centers.Relations among these power centers continuously shift as emerging issues glide across the political landscape.The sum of government activity has growing significance to business;corporations are far more politically active than in past eras.The government's actions are critical to company operations.Bills passed by Congress directly affect earnings.Legislation affects taxes,import/export rules,defense spending,health care costs,the dollar exchange rate,and more.

Discuss the ascendancy of business,corruption,and reform during the 19^th century.

Which amendment to the U.S.Constitution gave women the right to vote in elections?

The _____ in the Constitution,Article VI,Section 2,sets forth the principle that when the federal government passes a law within its powers,the states are bound by that law.

Which of the following is accurate regarding the rise of antagonistic groups?D.C.started becoming more centralized.

The power of judges to review legislative and executive actions and strike down laws that are unconstitutional or acts of officials that exceed their authority is known as:

Define peak associations,trade associations,Washington offices,and coalitions.

What are the two broad areas of business involvement in politics?

Which of the following is true regarding the U.S.Constitution?

What is a peak association?

Much New Deal legislation was profoundly unequal and uncompassionate and reasserted the tradition of industrial idealism.

When a business hires a person in order to advocate a position to the government,it is said to be indulging in:

An express advocacy communication that is not coordinated with a candidate is known as a(n):

After 1974,subcommittees:

The _____ protects the right of business to organize and press its agenda on the government.

The First Amendment is an amendment to the Constitution added in 1791 as part of the: