Question 1

The GABAA receptor is a(n)________ receptor that controls a ________ channel.

Accepted Answer

A)  ionotropic; chloride 
B)  ionotropic; potassium 
C)  metabotropic; chloride 
D)  metabotropic; potassium 
E)  ionotropic; sodium 
A)  ionotropic; chloride 
B)  ionotropic; potassium 
C)  metabotropic; chloride 
D)  metabotropic; potassium 
E)  ionotropic; sodium

Question 2

Stimulation of a presynaptic autoreceptor

Accepted Answer

A)  reduces the release of the neurotransmitter from the axon terminal. 
B)  alters the uptake of the neurotransmitter into the axon terminal. 
C)  blocks the opening of ion channels in the postsynaptic membrane. 
D)  increases the release of the neurotransmitter from the axon terminal. 
E)  would be expected to act as an agonist for this synapse. 
A)  reduces the release of the neurotransmitter from the axon terminal. 
B)  alters the uptake of the neurotransmitter into the axon terminal. 
C)  blocks the opening of ion channels in the postsynaptic membrane. 
D)  increases the release of the neurotransmitter from the axon terminal. 
E)  would be expected to act as an agonist for this synapse.

Question 3

The amino acid tyrosine is the precursor for the synthesis of norepinephrine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Nitric oxide

Accepted Answer

A)  is an insoluble gas. 
B)  acts as a messenger between glial cells. 
C)  stimulates blood vessels that produce penile erections. 
D)  constricts blood vessels in metabolically active brain regions. 
E)  is an important transmitter for mood and emotion. 
A)  is an insoluble gas. 
B)  acts as a messenger between glial cells. 
C)  stimulates blood vessels that produce penile erections. 
D)  constricts blood vessels in metabolically active brain regions. 
E)  is an important transmitter for mood and emotion.

Question 5

The ________ route of drug administration is commonly used to treat small laboratory animals with a drug.

Accepted Answer

A)  intraperitoneal 
B)  oral 
C)  intravascular 
D)  topical 
E)  intranasal 
A)  intraperitoneal 
B)  oral 
C)  intravascular 
D)  topical 
E)  intranasal

Question 6

Treatment with a drug that inhibits MAO may slow down the progression of Parkinson's disease because

Accepted Answer

A)  MAO may metabolize environmental chemicals into toxins that damage dopamine neurons. 
B)  MAO reduces the availability of dopamine in brain neurons. 
C)  MAO metabolizes serotonin, which in turn inhibits dopamine activity. 
D)  Parkinson's results from consumption of MPTP. 
E)  B and C are correct. 
A)  MAO may metabolize environmental chemicals into toxins that damage dopamine neurons. 
B)  MAO reduces the availability of dopamine in brain neurons. 
C)  MAO metabolizes serotonin, which in turn inhibits dopamine activity. 
D)  Parkinson's results from consumption of MPTP. 
E)  B and C are correct.

Question 7

Serotonin is synthesized from

Accepted Answer

A)  tyrosine. 
B)  tyramine. 
C)  tryptophan. 
D)  MAO. 
E)  epinephrine. 
A)  tyrosine. 
B)  tyramine. 
C)  tryptophan. 
D)  MAO. 
E)  epinephrine.

Question 8

Injecting an animal with a dose of a chemical molecule that is a precursor for the synthesis of a synaptic neurotransmitter would be expected to

Accepted Answer

A)  reduce the availability of that neurotransmitter. 
B)  increase the rate of synthesis and release of that neurotransmitter. 
C)  alter the number of postsynaptic receptors. 
D)  act as an antagonist at autoreceptors. 
E)  increase neurotransmitter reuptake into the axon. 
A)  reduce the availability of that neurotransmitter. 
B)  increase the rate of synthesis and release of that neurotransmitter. 
C)  alter the number of postsynaptic receptors. 
D)  act as an antagonist at autoreceptors. 
E)  increase neurotransmitter reuptake into the axon.

Question 9

A drug that blocks a presynaptic autoreceptor

Accepted Answer

A)  reduces the release of the neurotransmitter from the axon terminal. 
B)  alters the uptake of the neurotransmitter into the axon terminal. 
C)  blocks the opening of ion channels in the postsynaptic membrane. 
D)  increases the release of the neurotransmitter from the axon terminal. 
E)  would be expected to act as an antagonist for this synapse. 
A)  reduces the release of the neurotransmitter from the axon terminal. 
B)  alters the uptake of the neurotransmitter into the axon terminal. 
C)  blocks the opening of ion channels in the postsynaptic membrane. 
D)  increases the release of the neurotransmitter from the axon terminal. 
E)  would be expected to act as an antagonist for this synapse.

Question 10

The term "direct antagonist" is synonymous with "receptor blocker."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following is a compensatory mechanism that would result in drug tolerance?

Accepted Answer

A)  a decreased metabolism of the drug 
B)  an increased plasma level of the drug 
C)  an increased number of drug receptors in the brain 
D)  a reduced number of tissue drug receptors 
E)  an increased number of ion channel openings in response to prolonged receptor activation 
A)  a decreased metabolism of the drug 
B)  an increased plasma level of the drug 
C)  an increased number of drug receptors in the brain 
D)  a reduced number of tissue drug receptors 
E)  an increased number of ion channel openings in response to prolonged receptor activation

Question 12

Glutamate is the universal transmitter by which sensory organs transmit information to the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The axons of most sensory neurons release the neurotransmitter

Accepted Answer

A)  glycine. 
B)  GABA. 
C)  dopamine. 
D)  glutamate. 
E)  acetylcholine. 
A)  glycine. 
B)  GABA. 
C)  dopamine. 
D)  glutamate. 
E)  acetylcholine.

Question 14

Acetylcholine is inactivated by the enzyme acetylcholinesterase.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Describe the synthesis of acetylcholine.List three different treatments that would act to alter the release of acetylcholine.

Accepted Answer

ACh is formed from choline and acetyl-Co

Question 16

Medicines are most commonly given to humans via the ________ route.

Accepted Answer

A)  intraperitoneal 
B)  oral 
C)  intravascular 
D)  topical 
E)  intranasal 
A)  intraperitoneal 
B)  oral 
C)  intravascular 
D)  topical 
E)  intranasal

Question 17

A drug that binds at a postsynaptic site different from that of the neurotransmitter and prevents the opening of ion channels would be termed a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  indirect antagonist. 
B)  ligand. 
C)  direct synergist. 
D)  direct antagonist. 
E)  indirect pheromone. 
A)  indirect antagonist. 
B)  ligand. 
C)  direct synergist. 
D)  direct antagonist. 
E)  indirect pheromone.

Question 18

A drug that releases a transmitter substance is called an antagonist for the synapse.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The significance attached to glutamate,GABA,and glycine is that these are

Accepted Answer

A)  involved in Parkinson's disease. 
B)  known to be solely inhibitory in the PNS. 
C)  the predominant neuromodulators in the CNS. 
D)  the most common neurotransmitters in the CNS. 
E)  the major excitatory neurotransmitters in the PNS. 
A)  involved in Parkinson's disease. 
B)  known to be solely inhibitory in the PNS. 
C)  the predominant neuromodulators in the CNS. 
D)  the most common neurotransmitters in the CNS. 
E)  the major excitatory neurotransmitters in the PNS.

Question 20

Myasthenia gravis involves decreased release of ACh at the neuromuscular junction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

The GABAA receptor is a(n) receptor that controls a channel.

Stimulation of a presynaptic autoreceptor

The amino acid tyrosine is the precursor for the synthesis of norepinephrine.

Nitric oxide

The ________ route of drug administration is commonly used to treat small laboratory animals with a drug.

Treatment with a drug that inhibits MAO may slow down the progression of Parkinson's disease because

Serotonin is synthesized from

Injecting an animal with a dose of a chemical molecule that is a precursor for the synthesis of a synaptic neurotransmitter would be expected to

A drug that blocks a presynaptic autoreceptor

The term "direct antagonist" is synonymous with "receptor blocker."

Which of the following is a compensatory mechanism that would result in drug tolerance?

Glutamate is the universal transmitter by which sensory organs transmit information to the brain.

The axons of most sensory neurons release the neurotransmitter

Acetylcholine is inactivated by the enzyme acetylcholinesterase.

Describe the synthesis of acetylcholine.List three different treatments that would act to alter the release of acetylcholine.

Medicines are most commonly given to humans via the ________ route.

A drug that binds at a postsynaptic site different from that of the neurotransmitter and prevents the opening of ion channels would be termed a(n)

A drug that releases a transmitter substance is called an antagonist for the synapse.

The significance attached to glutamate,GABA,and glycine is that these are

Myasthenia gravis involves decreased release of ACh at the neuromuscular junction.

Origins of Behavioral Neuroscience

Structure and Functions of Cells of the Nervous System

Structure of the Nervous System

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Learning and Memory

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia, Affective Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Autistic, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity, Stress, and Substance Abuse Disorders

Filters

Exam 4: Psychopharmacology

The GABAA receptor is a(n)________ receptor that controls a ________ channel.

Stimulation of a presynaptic autoreceptor

The amino acid tyrosine is the precursor for the synthesis of norepinephrine.

Nitric oxide

The ________ route of drug administration is commonly used to treat small laboratory animals with a drug.

Treatment with a drug that inhibits MAO may slow down the progression of Parkinson's disease because

Serotonin is synthesized from

Injecting an animal with a dose of a chemical molecule that is a precursor for the synthesis of a synaptic neurotransmitter would be expected to

A drug that blocks a presynaptic autoreceptor

The term "direct antagonist" is synonymous with "receptor blocker."

Which of the following is a compensatory mechanism that would result in drug tolerance?

Glutamate is the universal transmitter by which sensory organs transmit information to the brain.

The axons of most sensory neurons release the neurotransmitter

Acetylcholine is inactivated by the enzyme acetylcholinesterase.

Describe the synthesis of acetylcholine.List three different treatments that would act to alter the release of acetylcholine.

Medicines are most commonly given to humans via the ________ route.

A drug that binds at a postsynaptic site different from that of the neurotransmitter and prevents the opening of ion channels would be termed a(n)

A drug that releases a transmitter substance is called an antagonist for the synapse.

The significance attached to glutamate,GABA,and glycine is that these are

Myasthenia gravis involves decreased release of ACh at the neuromuscular junction.

Origins of Behavioral Neuroscience

Structure and Functions of Cells of the Nervous System

Structure of the Nervous System

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Learning and Memory

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia, Affective Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Autistic, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity, Stress, and Substance Abuse Disorders

Filters

The GABAA receptor is a(n) receptor that controls a channel.