Question 1

All nuclei of a given element have the same number of

Accepted Answer

A) neutrons. 
B) protons. 
C) nucleons. 
D) protons + neutrons. 
A) neutrons. 
B) protons. 
C) nucleons. 
D) protons + neutrons.

Question 2

During β+ decay

Accepted Answer

A) a neutron is transformed to a proton. 
B) a proton is transformed to a neutron. 
C) a neutron is ejected from the nucleus. 
D) a proton is ejected from the nucleus. 
E) the number of nucleons decreases. 
A) a neutron is transformed to a proton. 
B) a proton is transformed to a neutron. 
C) a neutron is ejected from the nucleus. 
D) a proton is ejected from the nucleus. 
E) the number of nucleons decreases.

Question 3

Two deuterium nuclei,   fuse to produce a tritium nucleus,  H,plus an ordinary hydrogen nucleus,  H. A neutral deuterium atom has a mass of 2.014102 u;a neutral tritium atom has a mass of 3.016050 u;a neutral hydrogen atom has a mass of 1.007825 u;a neutron has a mass of 1.008665 u;and a proton has a mass of 1.007277 u.How much energy is released in this fusion process? (1 u = 931.5 MeV/c2)

Accepted Answer

A) 3.03 MeV 
B) 3.53 MeV 
C) 4.03 MeV 
D) 4.53 MeV 
E) 6.58 MeV 
A) 3.03 MeV 
B) 3.53 MeV 
C) 4.03 MeV 
D) 4.53 MeV 
E) 6.58 MeV

Question 4

The half-life of radon-222 is 3.83 d.If a sample of radon initially contains 6.00 × 108 radon atoms,how many of them are left after 10.0 d?

Accepted Answer

A) 9.82 × 107 
B) 7.67 × 107 
C) 8.34 × 108 
D) 7.29 × 108 
E) 8.56 × 108 
A) 9.82 × 107 
B) 7.67 × 107 
C) 8.34 × 108 
D) 7.29 × 108 
E) 8.56 × 108

Question 5

A β+ particle is also known as

Accepted Answer

A) an electron. 
B) a positron. 
C) a helium nucleus. 
D) a high-energy photon. 
A) an electron. 
B) a positron. 
C) a helium nucleus. 
D) a high-energy photon.

Question 6

A sample of wood has been recovered by an archaeologist.The sample is sent to a laboratory,where it is determined that the activity of the sample is 0.144 Bq/g.By comparing this activity with the activity of living organic matter,which is 0.230 Bq/g,the scientist determines how old the wood sample is,or more precisely,when the tree that the sample came from died.Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5730 years.If the activity of living matter has been constant over time,how old is the sample of wood?

Accepted Answer

A) 3870 years 
B) 4250 years 
C) 4590 years 
D) 2630 years 
E) 2940 years 
A) 3870 years 
B) 4250 years 
C) 4590 years 
D) 2630 years 
E) 2940 years

Question 7

The mass number of an atom is equal to the number of what particles in the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A) protons 
B) neutrons 
C) nucleons 
D) electrons 
E) positrons 
A) protons 
B) neutrons 
C) nucleons 
D) electrons 
E) positrons

Question 8

An air sample is contaminated with 15O,which has a half-life of 2.03 minutes.You can pass it through a long pipe to allow it to decay until it can be safely released into the atmosphere.If the speed of the gas in the pipe is 1.1 m/s,how long must the pipeline be for the sample to decay to 3.0% of its original activity?

Accepted Answer

A) 680 m 
B) 8.0 m 
C) 72 m 
D) 250 m 
A) 680 m 
B) 8.0 m 
C) 72 m 
D) 250 m

Question 9

During β- decay

Accepted Answer

A) a neutron is transformed to a proton. 
B) a proton is transformed to a neutron. 
C) a neutron is ejected from the nucleus. 
D) a proton is ejected from the nucleus. 
E) the number of nucleons increases. 
A) a neutron is transformed to a proton. 
B) a proton is transformed to a neutron. 
C) a neutron is ejected from the nucleus. 
D) a proton is ejected from the nucleus. 
E) the number of nucleons increases.

Question 10

A person receives an absorbed dose of protons of 20 millirads.The RBE of protons is 5.What is this person's equivalent dose in rem?

Accepted Answer

A) 4 millirem 
B) 15 millirem 
C) 20 millirem 
D) 25 millirem 
E) 100 millirem 
A) 4 millirem 
B) 15 millirem 
C) 20 millirem 
D) 25 millirem 
E) 100 millirem

Question 11

A radioactive isotope of atomic number Z emits an alpha particle,and the daughter nucleus then emits a beta-minus particle.What is the atomic number of the resulting nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A) Z -1 
B) Z + 1 
C) Z - 2 
D) Z - 3 
A) Z -1 
B) Z + 1 
C) Z - 2 
D) Z - 3

Question 12

The two strongest forces that act between protons in a nucleus are

Accepted Answer

A) the weak nuclear and electromagnetic forces. 
B) the weak nuclear and the gravitational forces. 
C) the electrostatic and the gravitational forces. 
D) the strong nuclear and the electrostatic forces. 
A) the weak nuclear and electromagnetic forces. 
B) the weak nuclear and the gravitational forces. 
C) the electrostatic and the gravitational forces. 
D) the strong nuclear and the electrostatic forces.

Question 13

Plutonium has a half life of 2.4 × 104 years.How long does it take for 99.0% of the plutonium to decay?

Accepted Answer

A) 1.6 × 102 y 
B) 1.6 × 103 y 
C) 1.6 × 104 y 
D) 1.6 × 105 y 
E) 1.6 × 106 y 
A) 1.6 × 102 y 
B) 1.6 × 103 y 
C) 1.6 × 104 y 
D) 1.6 × 105 y 
E) 1.6 × 106 y

Question 14

Modern in-air nuclear bomb tests have created an extra high level of 14C in our atmosphere.If future archaeologists date samples from this era,without knowing of this testing,will their carbon-14 dates be too young,too old,or correct? If correct,why?

Accepted Answer

A) Too young. 
B) Too old. 
C) Correct,since 14C from bomb tests is different from that produced naturally. 
D) Correct,because modern biological materials do not gather 14C from bomb tests. 
A) Too young. 
B) Too old. 
C) Correct,since 14C from bomb tests is different from that produced naturally. 
D) Correct,because modern biological materials do not gather 14C from bomb tests.

Question 15

When a stationary plutonium-239 nucleus decays into a uranium-235 nucleus plus an alpha particle,the energy released in the process is 5.24 MeV.The following masses are known:  
He: 4.002603 u  
U: 235.043924 u
What is the kinetic energy of the  
U nucleus? (1 u = 931.5 MeV/c2)

Accepted Answer

A) 0.0829 MeV 
B) 0.0837 MeV 
C) 0.0852 MeV 
D) 0.0863 MeV 
E) 0.0877 MeV 
A) 0.0829 MeV 
B) 0.0837 MeV 
C) 0.0852 MeV 
D) 0.0863 MeV 
E) 0.0877 MeV

Question 16

Rutherfordium-261 has a half-life of 1.08 min.How long will it take for a sample of rutherfordium to lose one-third of its nuclei?

Accepted Answer

A) 1.02 min 
B) 1.62 min 
C) 0.632 min 
D) 2.70 min 
E) 3.24 min 
A) 1.02 min 
B) 1.62 min 
C) 0.632 min 
D) 2.70 min 
E) 3.24 min

Question 17

Which of the following statements is not true of the strong nuclear force?

Accepted Answer

A) The nuclear force has a short range,of the order of nuclear dimensions. 
B) For two protons that are very close together,the nuclear force and the electric force have about the same magnitudes. 
C) The nuclear force does not depend on charge. 
D) A nucleon in a large nucleus interacts via the nuclear force only with nearby nucleons,not with ones far away in the nucleus. 
E) The nuclear force affects both neutrons and protons. 
A) The nuclear force has a short range,of the order of nuclear dimensions. 
B) For two protons that are very close together,the nuclear force and the electric force have about the same magnitudes. 
C) The nuclear force does not depend on charge. 
D) A nucleon in a large nucleus interacts via the nuclear force only with nearby nucleons,not with ones far away in the nucleus. 
E) The nuclear force affects both neutrons and protons.

Question 18

The binding energy per nucleon of a nucleus

Accepted Answer

A) increases steadily as we go to heavier elements. 
B) decreases steadily as we go to heavier elements. 
C) is approximately constant throughout the periodic table,except for very light nuclei. 
D) has a maximum near iron in the periodic table and decreases after that for heavier elements. 
E) has a minimum near iron in the periodic table and increases after that for heavier elements. 
A) increases steadily as we go to heavier elements. 
B) decreases steadily as we go to heavier elements. 
C) is approximately constant throughout the periodic table,except for very light nuclei. 
D) has a maximum near iron in the periodic table and decreases after that for heavier elements. 
E) has a minimum near iron in the periodic table and increases after that for heavier elements.

Question 19

The primary reason that very large nuclei are unstable is due to

Accepted Answer

A) the cumulative repulsive force of the protons. 
B) the cumulative attractive force between the protons and the orbiting electrons. 
C) the repulsive force between the neutrons and the protons. 
D) the extreme weakness of the gravitational attraction of the protons. 
A) the cumulative repulsive force of the protons. 
B) the cumulative attractive force between the protons and the orbiting electrons. 
C) the repulsive force between the neutrons and the protons. 
D) the extreme weakness of the gravitational attraction of the protons.

Question 20

A summary of the nuclear reactions that power our sun is 4p → 4He + 2e-,with masses of 938.272 MeV/c2 for a proton,3727.38 MeV/c2 for the helium nucleus,and 0.511 MeV/c2 for each electron.How much energy is released by each of these reactions?

Accepted Answer

A) 24.69 MeV 
B) 28.3 MeV 
C) 2790.13 MeV 
D) 279.01 MeV 
A) 24.69 MeV 
B) 28.3 MeV 
C) 2790.13 MeV 
D) 279.01 MeV

Exam 32: Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Radiation

All nuclei of a given element have the same number of

During β+ decay

The half-life of radon-222 is 3.83 d.If a sample of radon initially contains 6.00 × 108 radon atoms,how many of them are left after 10.0 d?

A β+ particle is also known as

The mass number of an atom is equal to the number of what particles in the nucleus?

During β- decay

A person receives an absorbed dose of protons of 20 millirads.The RBE of protons is 5.What is this person's equivalent dose in rem?

A radioactive isotope of atomic number Z emits an alpha particle,and the daughter nucleus then emits a beta-minus particle.What is the atomic number of the resulting nucleus?

The two strongest forces that act between protons in a nucleus are

Plutonium has a half life of 2.4 × 104 years.How long does it take for 99.0% of the plutonium to decay?

Modern in-air nuclear bomb tests have created an extra high level of 14C in our atmosphere.If future archaeologists date samples from this era,without knowing of this testing,will their carbon-14 dates be too young,too old,or correct? If correct,why?

When a stationary plutonium-239 nucleus decays into a uranium-235 nucleus plus an alpha particle,the energy released in the process is 5.24 MeV.The following masses are known: He: 4.002603 u U: 235.043924 u What is the kinetic energy of the U nucleus? (1 u = 931.5 MeV/c2)

Rutherfordium-261 has a half-life of 1.08 min.How long will it take for a sample of rutherfordium to lose one-third of its nuclei?

Which of the following statements is not true of the strong nuclear force?

The binding energy per nucleon of a nucleus

The primary reason that very large nuclei are unstable is due to

A summary of the nuclear reactions that power our sun is 4p → 4He + 2e-,with masses of 938.272 MeV/c2 for a proton,3727.38 MeV/c2 for the helium nucleus,and 0.511 MeV/c2 for each electron.How much energy is released by each of these reactions?

Introduction to Physics

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Vectors in Physics

Two-Dimensional Kinematics

Newtons Laws of Motion

Applications of Newtons Laws

Work and Kinetic Energy

Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy

Linear Momentum and Collisions

Rotational Kinematics and Energy

Rotational Dynamics and Static Equilibrium

Gravity

Oscillations About Equilibrium

Waves and Sound

Fluids

Temperature and Heat

Phases and Phase Changes

The Laws of Thermodynamics

Electric Charges, Forces, and Fields

Electric Potential and Electric

Electric Current and Direct-Current Circuits

Magnetism

Magnetic Flux and Faradays Law of Induction

Alternating-Current Circuits

Electromagnetic Waves

Geometrical Optics

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Filters

During β⁺ decay

The half-life of radon-222 is 3.83 d.If a sample of radon initially contains 6.00 × 10⁸ radon atoms,how many of them are left after 10.0 d?

A β⁺particle is also known as

During β^- decay

Plutonium has a half life of 2.4 × 10⁴ years.How long does it take for 99.0% of the plutonium to decay?

Modern in-air nuclear bomb tests have created an extra high level of ¹⁴C in our atmosphere.If future archaeologists date samples from this era,without knowing of this testing,will their carbon-14 dates be too young,too old,or correct? If correct,why?

When a stationary plutonium-239 nucleus decays into a uranium-235 nucleus plus an alpha particle,the energy released in the process is 5.24 MeV.The following masses are known: He: 4.002603 u U: 235.043924 u What is the kinetic energy of the U nucleus? (1 u = 931.5 MeV/c²)

A summary of the nuclear reactions that power our sun is 4p → ⁴He + 2e^-,with masses of 938.272 MeV/c² for a proton,3727.38 MeV/c² for the helium nucleus,and 0.511 MeV/c² for each electron.How much energy is released by each of these reactions?