Question 1

Among the following,identify the incorrect statement about a boiling liquid:

Accepted Answer

A) Boiling temperature may be increased by raising surrounding pressure 
B) The temperature of the liquid must be greater than that of the gas above the liquid 
C) Boiling in an open beaker occurs at a lower temperature at higher altitudes 
D) Equilibrium vapor pressure at boiling temperature equals, or is slightly higher than surrounding pressure 
E) All statements are correct 
A) Boiling temperature may be increased by raising surrounding pressure 
B) The temperature of the liquid must be greater than that of the gas above the liquid 
C) Boiling in an open beaker occurs at a lower temperature at higher altitudes 
D) Equilibrium vapor pressure at boiling temperature equals, or is slightly higher than surrounding pressure 
E) All statements are correct

Question 2

Identify the most correct statement comparing intermolecular attractions (IMA)in the liquid and gaseous states of the same substance:

Accepted Answer

A) IMA are weaker in the gaseous state because the molecules are larger at the higher temperature 
B) IMA are weaker in the gaseous state because the molecules are hotter 
C) IMA are weaker in the gaseous state because molecules move at slower speeds 
D) IMA are weaker in the gaseous state because molecules are so far apart 
E) IMA are weaker in the gaseous state because the molecules fill their container 
A) IMA are weaker in the gaseous state because the molecules are larger at the higher temperature 
B) IMA are weaker in the gaseous state because the molecules are hotter 
C) IMA are weaker in the gaseous state because molecules move at slower speeds 
D) IMA are weaker in the gaseous state because molecules are so far apart 
E) IMA are weaker in the gaseous state because the molecules fill their container

Question 3

What is the total heat flow if 28 grams of water at 12°C is cooled to become ice at -19°C? The specific heat of liquid water is 4.18 J/g • °C; the specific heat of ice is 2.1 J/g • °C.The heat of fusion of ice is 333 J/g,and the freezing point of water is 0.0°C.

Accepted Answer

A) 1.1 kJ 
B) 1.4 kJ 
C) 9.4 kJ 
D) 10.8 kJ 
E) 11.8 kJ 
A) 1.1 kJ 
B) 1.4 kJ 
C) 9.4 kJ 
D) 10.8 kJ 
E) 11.8 kJ

Question 4

The heat of fusion of gold is 63 joules per gram.Once a 25.0 g sample of gold has been heated to its melting point,1063°C,how much additional heat is required to melt it?

Accepted Answer

A) 89 kJ 
B) 39 kJ 
C) 2.7 kJ 
D) 2.6 kJ 
E) 1.6 kJ 
A) 89 kJ 
B) 39 kJ 
C) 2.7 kJ 
D) 2.6 kJ 
E) 1.6 kJ

Question 5

The structural formula for glycerin is shown below.Compare the intermolecular forces in glycerin with those in n-hexane,C6H14,in which all carbons are in a continuous chain.Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The principal intermolecular forces in glycerin are induced dipole forces; in hexane, hydrogen bonds 
B) Hydrogen bonding is present in glycerin, but not in hexane 
C) Hydrogen bonding is present in both compounds 
D) Both compounds exhibit dipole-dipole forces 
E) Induced dipole forces are present in neither compound 
A) The principal intermolecular forces in glycerin are induced dipole forces; in hexane, hydrogen bonds 
B) Hydrogen bonding is present in glycerin, but not in hexane 
C) Hydrogen bonding is present in both compounds 
D) Both compounds exhibit dipole-dipole forces 
E) Induced dipole forces are present in neither compound

Question 6

Acetone,a highly volatile liquid,is placed in a closed container.The amount of liquid decreases,but eventually becomes stable.At that time...

Accepted Answer

A) the rate of evaporation is equal to the rate of condensation 
B) the rate of evaporation is less than the rate of condensation 
C) the rate of evaporation is greater than the rate of condensation 
D) the rates of evaporation and condensation cannot be compared without more information 
E) the kinetic energy of each gaseous molecule is equal to the kinetic energy of each liquid molecule 
A) the rate of evaporation is equal to the rate of condensation 
B) the rate of evaporation is less than the rate of condensation 
C) the rate of evaporation is greater than the rate of condensation 
D) the rates of evaporation and condensation cannot be compared without more information 
E) the kinetic energy of each gaseous molecule is equal to the kinetic energy of each liquid molecule

Question 7

Calculate the specific heat of an unknown metal if a 123 gram sample requires 8.8 kJ of heat to change from 16°C to 97°C.

Accepted Answer

A) 0.88 J/g • °C 
B) 1.1 J/g • °C 
C) 5.8 × 103 J/g • °C 
D) 1.3 × 104 J/g • °C 
E) 8.8 × 107 J/g • °C 
A) 0.88 J/g • °C 
B) 1.1 J/g • °C 
C) 5.8 × 103 J/g • °C 
D) 1.3 × 104 J/g • °C 
E) 8.8 × 107 J/g • °C

Question 8

The specific heat of solid gold is 0.13 J/g • °C.How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 25.0 g of gold from 23°C to its melting point at 1063°C?

Accepted Answer

A) 3.5 kJ 
B) 3.4 kJ 
C) 0.14 kJ 
D) 2.0 × 103 kJ 
E) 3.3 kJ 
A) 3.5 kJ 
B) 3.4 kJ 
C) 0.14 kJ 
D) 2.0 × 103 kJ 
E) 3.3 kJ

Question 9

Select from the following the statement that is incorrect or contrary to the generalizations developed in the textbook.

Accepted Answer

A) The strength of induced dipole forces depends on the ease with which electron distributions can be polarized 
B) Dipole forces are present in NF3, but not in CF4 
C) The principal intermolecular forces in a straight chain hydrocarbon such as C8H18 are induced dipole forces 
D) Intermolecular forces are usually stronger for substances that exhibit hydrogen bonding than for otherwise similar substances lacking hydrogen bonds 
E) Induced dipole forces exist in both polar and nonpolar molecular substances, but they are essentially the only attractions in polar compounds 
A) The strength of induced dipole forces depends on the ease with which electron distributions can be polarized 
B) Dipole forces are present in NF3, but not in CF4 
C) The principal intermolecular forces in a straight chain hydrocarbon such as C8H18 are induced dipole forces 
D) Intermolecular forces are usually stronger for substances that exhibit hydrogen bonding than for otherwise similar substances lacking hydrogen bonds 
E) Induced dipole forces exist in both polar and nonpolar molecular substances, but they are essentially the only attractions in polar compounds

Question 10

In a gas mixture the partial pressure of helium is 225 torr,of neon,375 torr,and of argon,5 torr.What is the total pressure exerted by the mixture?

Accepted Answer

A) 605 torr 
B) 4.22 × 105 torr 
C) It cannot be calculated without knowledge of container volume 
D) It cannot be calculated without atmospheric pressure 
E) It cannot be calculated without both container volume and atmospheric pressure 
A) 605 torr 
B) 4.22 × 105 torr 
C) It cannot be calculated without knowledge of container volume 
D) It cannot be calculated without atmospheric pressure 
E) It cannot be calculated without both container volume and atmospheric pressure

Question 11

What quantity of water will form by the condensation of steam when 276 kJ of heat are removed? 
  Hvap = 2.26 kJ/g

Accepted Answer

A) 122 g 
B) 67.8 g 
C) 2.65 g 
D) 624 g 
E) 18.0 g 
A) 122 g 
B) 67.8 g 
C) 2.65 g 
D) 624 g 
E) 18.0 g

Question 12

Consider the following image.   What type of solid is represented by this particulate-level model?

Accepted Answer

A) amorphous solid 
B) molecular crystal 
C) ionic crystal 
D) covalent network solid 
E) metallic crystal 
A) amorphous solid 
B) molecular crystal 
C) ionic crystal 
D) covalent network solid 
E) metallic crystal

Question 13

The graph below represents a temperature versus energy plot for a pure substance.   Identify the point(s)where:
(i)only gas exists
(ii)both solid and liquid exist

Accepted Answer

A) (i) 7 (ii) 2 and 3 
B) (i) 7 (ii) 5 and 6 
C) (i) 1 (ii) 2 and 3 
D) (i) 4 (ii) 5 and 6 
E) (i) 4 (ii) 2 and 3 
A) (i) 7 (ii) 2 and 3 
B) (i) 7 (ii) 5 and 6 
C) (i) 1 (ii) 2 and 3 
D) (i) 4 (ii) 5 and 6 
E) (i) 4 (ii) 2 and 3

Question 14

With all other factors being equal,which of the following correctly lists intermolecular forces in order of increasing strength?

Accepted Answer

A) Dipole forces < Induced dipole forces < Hydrogen bonds 
B) Induced dipole forces < Dipole forces < Hydrogen bonds 
C) Hydrogen bonds < Dipole forces < Induced dipole forces 
D) Dipole forces < Hydrogen bonds < Induced dipole forces 
E) Induced dipole forces < Hydrogen bonds < Dipole forces 
A) Dipole forces < Induced dipole forces < Hydrogen bonds 
B) Induced dipole forces < Dipole forces < Hydrogen bonds 
C) Hydrogen bonds < Dipole forces < Induced dipole forces 
D) Dipole forces < Hydrogen bonds < Induced dipole forces 
E) Induced dipole forces < Hydrogen bonds < Dipole forces

Question 15

The graph below represents a temperature versus energy plot for a pure substance.   Identify the point(s) (i)where both liquid and gas exist and (ii)is associated with the heat of condensation

Accepted Answer

A) (i) 1 (ii) 5 and 6 
B) (i) 2 and 3 (ii) 5 and 6 
C) (i) 4 (ii) 5 and 6 
D) (i) 5 and 6 (ii) 5 and 6 
E) (i) 7 (ii) 3 and 3 
A) (i) 1 (ii) 5 and 6 
B) (i) 2 and 3 (ii) 5 and 6 
C) (i) 4 (ii) 5 and 6 
D) (i) 5 and 6 (ii) 5 and 6 
E) (i) 7 (ii) 3 and 3

Question 16

The kinetic molecular theory as applied to liquids differs in two major ways from the theory as applied to gases.One of these is that:

Accepted Answer

A) Matter no longer appears to be made up of discrete particles 
B) Energy changes result from intermolecular collisions 
C) Attractive forces between molecules are significant 
D) Molecules are no longer in motion relative to each other 
E) Forces between molecules are no longer electrostatic in character 
A) Matter no longer appears to be made up of discrete particles 
B) Energy changes result from intermolecular collisions 
C) Attractive forces between molecules are significant 
D) Molecules are no longer in motion relative to each other 
E) Forces between molecules are no longer electrostatic in character

Question 17

Considering the molecular mass and polarity influences on physical properties,which of the following predictions about the boiling points of elemental bromine and chlorine fluoride is most apt to be correct?

Accepted Answer

A) Both molecular mass and polarity predicts Br2 has the lower boiling point 
B) Both molecular mass and polarity predicts Br2 has the higher boiling point 
C) Molecular mass predicts Br2 has the lower boiling point, but molecular polarity predicts it has the lower boiling point 
D) Molecular mass predicts Br2 has the higher boiling point, but molecular polarity predicts it has the lower boiling point 
E) Molecular mass and polarity have an insignificant influence on the physical properties of these molecules 
A) Both molecular mass and polarity predicts Br2 has the lower boiling point 
B) Both molecular mass and polarity predicts Br2 has the higher boiling point 
C) Molecular mass predicts Br2 has the lower boiling point, but molecular polarity predicts it has the lower boiling point 
D) Molecular mass predicts Br2 has the higher boiling point, but molecular polarity predicts it has the lower boiling point 
E) Molecular mass and polarity have an insignificant influence on the physical properties of these molecules

Question 18

The total pressure exerted by the oxygen saturated with water vapor is 764 torr at a temperature at which water vapor pressure is 26 torr.Find the partial pressure of the oxygen.

Accepted Answer

A) 0.0340 torr 
B) 29.4 torr 
C) 738 torr 
D) 790 torr 
E) 1.99 × 104 torr 
A) 0.0340 torr 
B) 29.4 torr 
C) 738 torr 
D) 790 torr 
E) 1.99 × 104 torr

Question 19

Which of the following statements about change of state is false?

Accepted Answer

A) The boiling point of a liquid depends on the gas pressure above the liquid 
B) Condensation is an endothermic process 
C) Evaporation occurs at the surface of a liquid, but boiling may occur at any point within the liquid 
D) Energy is absorbed by a liquid as it boils 
E) A liquid boils when its vapor pressure is slightly greater than the pressure above it 
A) The boiling point of a liquid depends on the gas pressure above the liquid 
B) Condensation is an endothermic process 
C) Evaporation occurs at the surface of a liquid, but boiling may occur at any point within the liquid 
D) Energy is absorbed by a liquid as it boils 
E) A liquid boils when its vapor pressure is slightly greater than the pressure above it

Question 20

Among the following,identify the correct statement about a boiling liquid:

Accepted Answer

A) The temperature of a liquid boiling in an open beaker is equal to the temperature of the gas space above the liquid 
B) Equilibrium vapor pressure at the boiling temperature is higher than the surrounding pressure 
C) Vapor pressure in a bubble in the liquid is equal to or slightly greater than the equilibrium pressure at boiling temperature 
D) Boiling temperature can be increased by boiling in a vacuum 
E) All statements are incorrect 
A) The temperature of a liquid boiling in an open beaker is equal to the temperature of the gas space above the liquid 
B) Equilibrium vapor pressure at the boiling temperature is higher than the surrounding pressure 
C) Vapor pressure in a bubble in the liquid is equal to or slightly greater than the equilibrium pressure at boiling temperature 
D) Boiling temperature can be increased by boiling in a vacuum 
E) All statements are incorrect

Exam 15: Gases, Liquids, and Solids

Among the following,identify the incorrect statement about a boiling liquid:

Identify the most correct statement comparing intermolecular attractions (IMA)in the liquid and gaseous states of the same substance:

What is the total heat flow if 28 grams of water at 12°C is cooled to become ice at -19°C? The specific heat of liquid water is 4.18 J/g • °C; the specific heat of ice is 2.1 J/g • °C.The heat of fusion of ice is 333 J/g,and the freezing point of water is 0.0°C.

The heat of fusion of gold is 63 joules per gram.Once a 25.0 g sample of gold has been heated to its melting point,1063°C,how much additional heat is required to melt it?

The structural formula for glycerin is shown below.Compare the intermolecular forces in glycerin with those in n-hexane,C6H14,in which all carbons are in a continuous chain.Which of the following statements is true?

Acetone,a highly volatile liquid,is placed in a closed container.The amount of liquid decreases,but eventually becomes stable.At that time...

Calculate the specific heat of an unknown metal if a 123 gram sample requires 8.8 kJ of heat to change from 16°C to 97°C.

The specific heat of solid gold is 0.13 J/g • °C.How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 25.0 g of gold from 23°C to its melting point at 1063°C?

Select from the following the statement that is incorrect or contrary to the generalizations developed in the textbook.

In a gas mixture the partial pressure of helium is 225 torr,of neon,375 torr,and of argon,5 torr.What is the total pressure exerted by the mixture?

What quantity of water will form by the condensation of steam when 276 kJ of heat are removed? Hvap = 2.26 kJ/g

Consider the following image. What type of solid is represented by this particulate-level model?

The graph below represents a temperature versus energy plot for a pure substance. Identify the point(s)where: (i)only gas exists (ii)both solid and liquid exist

With all other factors being equal,which of the following correctly lists intermolecular forces in order of increasing strength?

The graph below represents a temperature versus energy plot for a pure substance. Identify the point(s) (i)where both liquid and gas exist and (ii)is associated with the heat of condensation

The kinetic molecular theory as applied to liquids differs in two major ways from the theory as applied to gases.One of these is that:

Considering the molecular mass and polarity influences on physical properties,which of the following predictions about the boiling points of elemental bromine and chlorine fluoride is most apt to be correct?

The total pressure exerted by the oxygen saturated with water vapor is 764 torr at a temperature at which water vapor pressure is 26 torr.Find the partial pressure of the oxygen.

Which of the following statements about change of state is false?

Among the following,identify the correct statement about a boiling liquid:

Matter and Energy

Measurement and Chemical Calculations

Introduction to Gases

Atomic Theory: The Nuclear Model of the Atom

Chemical Nomenclature

Chemical Formula Relationships

Chemical Reactions

Chemical Change

Quantity Relationships in Chemical Reactions

Atomic Theory: The Quantum Model of the Atom

Chemical Bonding

Structure and Shape

The Ideal Gas Law and Its Applications

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The structural formula for glycerin is shown below.Compare the intermolecular forces in glycerin with those in n-hexane,C₆H₁₄,in which all carbons are in a continuous chain.Which of the following statements is true?

What quantity of water will form by the condensation of steam when 276 kJ of heat are removed? H_vap = 2.26 kJ/g