Question 1

Which of the following is a characteristic of people with an external locus of control?

Accepted Answer

A)  They enjoy greater mental and physical health than those who are high in internal control. 
B)  They see little value in exerting any effort to change or improve their situation. 
C)  Their behavior is independent of the internal cues. 
D)  They report lower anxiety,higher elf-esteem,and greater happiness because of their accepting nature. 
A)  They enjoy greater mental and physical health than those who are high in internal control. 
B)  They see little value in exerting any effort to change or improve their situation. 
C)  Their behavior is independent of the internal cues. 
D)  They report lower anxiety,higher elf-esteem,and greater happiness because of their accepting nature.

Question 2

Which of the following is true of the findings of studies on explanatory styles?

Accepted Answer

A)  Contrary to pessimists,optimists pay attention to positive stimuli only. 
B)  People under age 35 tend to have a more optimistic explanatory style than those who are over 65. 
C)  Stressful life experiences can decrease the level of optimism in an individual. 
D)  Younger optimists also tended to underreport their weight,whereas elderly optimists claimed the opposite. 
A)  Contrary to pessimists,optimists pay attention to positive stimuli only. 
B)  People under age 35 tend to have a more optimistic explanatory style than those who are over 65. 
C)  Stressful life experiences can decrease the level of optimism in an individual. 
D)  Younger optimists also tended to underreport their weight,whereas elderly optimists claimed the opposite.

Question 3

In the context of differences in color choices due to difference in sensation seeking,high sensation seekers show a preference for:

Accepted Answer

A)  light blue. 
B)  yellow. 
C)  red. 
D)  green. 
A)  light blue. 
B)  yellow. 
C)  red. 
D)  green.

Question 4

Describe the findings of three research studies on how the locus of control varies with mental health differences.

Accepted Answer

Students' answers will vary.
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Question 5

Which of the following is true according to research on the effect of the locus of control on mental and physical health?

Accepted Answer

A)  Internally oriented people have higher blood pressure and greater probability of heart attack than externally oriented people. 
B)  People who are low in external control are more likely to attempt suicide due to anxiety and depression. 
C)  People with greater internal locus of control do not find therapy particularly beneficial when they suffer from addiction. 
D)  In cases of cardiac problems,internally oriented people tend to get back to work sooner than those with external locus of control. 
A)  Internally oriented people have higher blood pressure and greater probability of heart attack than externally oriented people. 
B)  People who are low in external control are more likely to attempt suicide due to anxiety and depression. 
C)  People with greater internal locus of control do not find therapy particularly beneficial when they suffer from addiction. 
D)  In cases of cardiac problems,internally oriented people tend to get back to work sooner than those with external locus of control.

Question 6

According to a study of 14- and 15-year-olds in Norway,boys scored significantly higher than girls did on internal locus of control.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Julian Rotter was first interested in Skinner's ideas and went on to become a behavioral theorist.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

In context of the cultural differences in explanatory styles,Japanese college students were found to be more _____ than American students.

Accepted Answer

A)  optimistic 
B)  pessimistic 
C)  radical 
D)  sensation seeking 
A)  optimistic 
B)  pessimistic 
C)  radical 
D)  sensation seeking

Question 9

According to Seligman,a(n)_____ explanatory style can prevent learned helplessness from spreading to other aspects of life.

Accepted Answer

A)  optimistic 
B)  pessimistic 
C)  radical 
D)  cynical 
A)  optimistic 
B)  pessimistic 
C)  radical 
D)  cynical

Question 10

On the Sensation Seeking Scale,college students scored _____ in comparison with those who did not attend college.

Accepted Answer

A)  poorly 
B)  significantly lower 
C)  significantly higher 
D)  similarly 
A)  poorly 
B)  significantly lower 
C)  significantly higher 
D)  similarly

Question 11

Zuckerman assessed sensation seeking in his subjects with the use of:

Accepted Answer

A)  questionnaires. 
B)  multiple observations. 
C)  projective techniques. 
D)  case studies. 
A)  questionnaires. 
B)  multiple observations. 
C)  projective techniques. 
D)  case studies.

Question 12

In the context of mental health differences due to locus of control,people higher in internal locus of control experience less:

Accepted Answer

A)  benefit from therapy for addiction. 
B)  anxiety and depression. 
C)  job satisfaction. 
D)  philanthropism. 
A)  benefit from therapy for addiction. 
B)  anxiety and depression. 
C)  job satisfaction. 
D)  philanthropism.

Question 13

In the context of racial differences in sensation seekers,Asians scored _____ on the Sensation Seeking Scale than did people in Western countries.

Accepted Answer

A)  lower 
B)  higher than Arabs 
C)  higher 
D)  lower than Arabs 
A)  lower 
B)  higher than Arabs 
C)  higher 
D)  lower than Arabs

Question 14

According to Zuckerman,the need to seek release in unrestrained social activities such as risky sex,impulsiveness,aggressiveness,and antisocial behaviors comprise the _____ component of sensation seeking.

Accepted Answer

A)  disinhibition 
B)  experience seeking 
C)  boredom susceptibility 
D)  thrill and adventure seeking 
A)  disinhibition 
B)  experience seeking 
C)  boredom susceptibility 
D)  thrill and adventure seeking

Question 15

Correlations between sensation seeking and intelligence test scores are generally highly positive.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

According to Seligman,people with an optimistic explanatory style tend to:

Accepted Answer

A)  take responsibility for their care when they are experiencing health problems. 
B)  believe their own actions will make no difference when they experience health problems. 
C)  be found more among Americans with Chinese heritage than those with European heritage. 
D)  have an outlook on their health similar to those who have a pessimistic explanatory style. 
A)  take responsibility for their care when they are experiencing health problems. 
B)  believe their own actions will make no difference when they experience health problems. 
C)  be found more among Americans with Chinese heritage than those with European heritage. 
D)  have an outlook on their health similar to those who have a pessimistic explanatory style.

Question 17

According to Munsey,2010,people who do not have children report _____ happiness than people with children; those with _____ children are the least happy group.

Accepted Answer

A)  greater; very young 
B)  less; introvert 
C)  more; hyperactive 
D)  lesser; older 
A)  greater; very young 
B)  less; introvert 
C)  more; hyperactive 
D)  lesser; older

Question 18

Which of the following is true about the life of Martin Seligman?

Accepted Answer

A)  He has admitted that he has a happy and joyful life. 
B)  His early school days was marked by a feeling of isolation. 
C)  He is an intelligent but laid-back person who sees work as a necessary evil. 
D)  He resigned to psychology in the absence of other viable alternatives. 
A)  He has admitted that he has a happy and joyful life. 
B)  His early school days was marked by a feeling of isolation. 
C)  He is an intelligent but laid-back person who sees work as a necessary evil. 
D)  He resigned to psychology in the absence of other viable alternatives.

Question 19

According to studies by Peterson & Seligman,1987,et al.,_____ were shown to develop stronger immune systems and to be more likely to recover from heart attacks.

Accepted Answer

A)  realists 
B)  pessimists 
C)  optimists 
D)  wealthy adults 
A)  realists 
B)  pessimists 
C)  optimists 
D)  wealthy adults

Question 20

According to Levenson,the motives of the pro-social group of risk takers are related to factors other than thrill or adventure seeking.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Which of the following is a characteristic of people with an external locus of control?

Which of the following is true of the findings of studies on explanatory styles?

In the context of differences in color choices due to difference in sensation seeking,high sensation seekers show a preference for:

Describe the findings of three research studies on how the locus of control varies with mental health differences.

Which of the following is true according to research on the effect of the locus of control on mental and physical health?

According to a study of 14- and 15-year-olds in Norway,boys scored significantly higher than girls did on internal locus of control.

Julian Rotter was first interested in Skinner's ideas and went on to become a behavioral theorist.

In context of the cultural differences in explanatory styles,Japanese college students were found to be more _____ than American students.

According to Seligman,a(n)_____ explanatory style can prevent learned helplessness from spreading to other aspects of life.

On the Sensation Seeking Scale,college students scored _____ in comparison with those who did not attend college.

Zuckerman assessed sensation seeking in his subjects with the use of:

In the context of mental health differences due to locus of control,people higher in internal locus of control experience less:

In the context of racial differences in sensation seekers,Asians scored _____ on the Sensation Seeking Scale than did people in Western countries.

According to Zuckerman,the need to seek release in unrestrained social activities such as risky sex,impulsiveness,aggressiveness,and antisocial behaviors comprise the _____ component of sensation seeking.

Correlations between sensation seeking and intelligence test scores are generally highly positive.

According to Seligman,people with an optimistic explanatory style tend to:

According to Munsey,2010,people who do not have children report _ happiness than people with children; those with _ children are the least happy group.

Which of the following is true about the life of Martin Seligman?

According to studies by Peterson & Seligman,1987,et al.,_____ were shown to develop stronger immune systems and to be more likely to recover from heart attacks.

According to Levenson,the motives of the pro-social group of risk takers are related to factors other than thrill or adventure seeking.

Personality: What It Is and Why You Should Care

Sigmund Freud: Psychoanalysis

Carl Jung: Analytical Psychology

Alfred Adler: Individual Psychology

Karen Horney: Neurotic Needs and Trends

Erik Erikson: Identity Theory

Gordon Allport: Motivation and Personality

Raymond Cattell, Hans Eysenck, The Five-Factor Theory, Hexaco, and the Dark Triad

Abraham Maslow: Needs-Hierarchy Theory

Carl Rogers: Self-Actualization Theory

George Kelly: Personal Construct Theory

Bfskinner: Reinforcement Theory

Albert Bandura: Modeling Theory

Personality in Perspective

Filters

Exam 14: Facets of Personality: Taking Control, Taking Chances, and Finding Happiness

Which of the following is a characteristic of people with an external locus of control?

Which of the following is true of the findings of studies on explanatory styles?

In the context of differences in color choices due to difference in sensation seeking,high sensation seekers show a preference for:

Describe the findings of three research studies on how the locus of control varies with mental health differences.

Which of the following is true according to research on the effect of the locus of control on mental and physical health?

According to a study of 14- and 15-year-olds in Norway,boys scored significantly higher than girls did on internal locus of control.

Julian Rotter was first interested in Skinner's ideas and went on to become a behavioral theorist.

In context of the cultural differences in explanatory styles,Japanese college students were found to be more _____ than American students.

According to Seligman,a(n)_____ explanatory style can prevent learned helplessness from spreading to other aspects of life.

On the Sensation Seeking Scale,college students scored _____ in comparison with those who did not attend college.

Zuckerman assessed sensation seeking in his subjects with the use of:

In the context of mental health differences due to locus of control,people higher in internal locus of control experience less:

In the context of racial differences in sensation seekers,Asians scored _____ on the Sensation Seeking Scale than did people in Western countries.

According to Zuckerman,the need to seek release in unrestrained social activities such as risky sex,impulsiveness,aggressiveness,and antisocial behaviors comprise the _____ component of sensation seeking.

Correlations between sensation seeking and intelligence test scores are generally highly positive.

According to Seligman,people with an optimistic explanatory style tend to:

According to Munsey,2010,people who do not have children report _____ happiness than people with children; those with _____ children are the least happy group.

Which of the following is true about the life of Martin Seligman?

According to studies by Peterson & Seligman,1987,et al.,_____ were shown to develop stronger immune systems and to be more likely to recover from heart attacks.

According to Levenson,the motives of the pro-social group of risk takers are related to factors other than thrill or adventure seeking.

Personality: What It Is and Why You Should Care

Sigmund Freud: Psychoanalysis

Carl Jung: Analytical Psychology

Alfred Adler: Individual Psychology

Karen Horney: Neurotic Needs and Trends

Erik Erikson: Identity Theory

Gordon Allport: Motivation and Personality

Raymond Cattell, Hans Eysenck, The Five-Factor Theory, Hexaco, and the Dark Triad

Abraham Maslow: Needs-Hierarchy Theory

Carl Rogers: Self-Actualization Theory

George Kelly: Personal Construct Theory

Bfskinner: Reinforcement Theory

Albert Bandura: Modeling Theory

Personality in Perspective

Filters

According to Munsey,2010,people who do not have children report _ happiness than people with children; those with _ children are the least happy group.