Exam 11: Experimental Research: An Overview

Which of the following is a threat to the internal validity of experiment using a repeated measures design?

Categorical variables like a subject's gender or ethnicity are known as which type of variable in experimental research?

Which of the following is a function of time and the naturally occurring events that coincide with growth and experience?

The most common procedure to try to ensure that experimental and control groups do not differ from each other in important ways at the beginning of a research study is random assignment of subjects to treatment and control groups.

When the researcher unintentionally provides the subjects with hints about what he wants them to say in the study,this is an example of a(n)____________________.

All of the following are experimental design issues EXCEPT:

Caroline is participating in an experimental study in which she is taking an herbal supplement and the researcher measures her perceived energy levels for several weeks.Although she doesn't know it,the supplement she is given in the study does not contain any of the herb of interest in the study.However,Caroline feels as though she has more energy than before,and she attributes it to the herbal supplement.This effect due to the psychological impact that goes along with knowledge that a treatment has been administered is called a(n):

Explain how systematic or nonsampling error occurs in experiments and discuss ways to minimize it.

In experimental research,independent variables are created rather than simply measured.

When a researcher tries to say that the results of a test market in Indianapolis,Indiana will hold in a national rollout of the new product,this researcher is concerned with:

When subjects guess the purpose of an experiment,this creates a confound known as a bias effect.

In an experiment,the treatment is administered to the ____________________ group.

Which term refers to an experimental design element that unintentionally provides subjects with hints about the research hypothesis.

When salespeople are tested one year after a sales training program and perform better on the exam,not because of the training program,but because they have gained one year's experience in sales,this is an example of a:

If the level of advertising expenditures is compared to the number of units sold at the end of a four-month period,the independent variable is ____ while the dependent variable is ____.

Which experimental research design involves repeated measures?

When subjects in an experiment in which the they were exposed to varying price levels for a product are asked how low they believe the price of the product to be so that the researcher can determine whether or not the subjects perceived "high" and "low" conditions,this is an example of a:

Explain the advantages of a between-subjects experimental design over a within-subjects design.

A researcher is interested in the level of consumers' understanding of product nutrition labels.He is interested in how the amount of time spent looking at the label influences understanding,so he's using a device that controls the amount of time a subject is exposed to the label.This device is called a:

Discuss what is meant by demand characteristics and why they are a concern for researchers.Discuss four ways of reducing demand characteristics.