Question 1

Most digestive enzymes are synthesized by the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) liver and large intestine 
B) bile and gallbladder 
C) kidneys and esophagus 
D) pancreas and small intestine 
A) liver and large intestine 
B) bile and gallbladder 
C) kidneys and esophagus 
D) pancreas and small intestine

Question 2

The taste sensation umami can best be described as ________.

Accepted Answer

A) a somewhat salty flavor derived from metal ions 
B) the combination of salt and sweet tastes together 
C) a savory or meaty taste derived from the amino acid glutamate 
D) the taste that arises from compounds such as caffeine and quinine 
A) a somewhat salty flavor derived from metal ions 
B) the combination of salt and sweet tastes together 
C) a savory or meaty taste derived from the amino acid glutamate 
D) the taste that arises from compounds such as caffeine and quinine

Question 3

Water-soluble nutrients enter into the body by way of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) the blood 
B) the lymph system 
C) both the blood and the lymph system 
D) neither the blood nor the lymph system 
A) the blood 
B) the lymph system 
C) both the blood and the lymph system 
D) neither the blood nor the lymph system

Question 4

Describe the major function of each organ used in the digestive process.

Accepted Answer

The major organs involved in the digesti

Question 5

Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed directly into the cardiovascular system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Fiber and starches not digested in the small intestine may be fermented by bacteria in the large intestine to form ________.

Accepted Answer

A) short-chain fatty acids and flatus 
B) long-chain fatty acids and bile 
C) short- and long-chain fatty acids 
D) simple sugars and flatus 
A) short-chain fatty acids and flatus 
B) long-chain fatty acids and bile 
C) short- and long-chain fatty acids 
D) simple sugars and flatus

Question 7

Which substances can be absorbed in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

A) glucose, minerals, amino acids, vitamins, alcohol 
B) sucrose, lactose, fats, alcohol, protein 
C) starch, fats, glucose, protein, alcohol 
D) glucose, fructose, sucrose, alcohol, protein 
A) glucose, minerals, amino acids, vitamins, alcohol 
B) sucrose, lactose, fats, alcohol, protein 
C) starch, fats, glucose, protein, alcohol 
D) glucose, fructose, sucrose, alcohol, protein

Question 8

Using mineral oil as a laxative can cause ________.

Accepted Answer

A) colon cancer 
B) loss of water-soluble vitamins 
C) loss of fat-soluble vitamins 
D) diverticulosis 
A) colon cancer 
B) loss of water-soluble vitamins 
C) loss of fat-soluble vitamins 
D) diverticulosis

Question 9

The villi found in the gastrointestinal tract ________.

Accepted Answer

A) are finger-like projections into the lumen of the small intestine 
B) are covered with the brush border (microvilli) 
C) contain cells that produce mucus, hormones, and enzymes 
D) produce a large surface area for nutrient absorption 
E) All of these choices are correct 
A) are finger-like projections into the lumen of the small intestine 
B) are covered with the brush border (microvilli) 
C) contain cells that produce mucus, hormones, and enzymes 
D) produce a large surface area for nutrient absorption 
E) All of these choices are correct

Question 10

The gastric secretion, pepsin, is necessary for ________.

Accepted Answer

A) preventing peptic ulcer formation 
B) protein digestion 
C) vitamin B-12 absorption 
D) destruction of harmful bacteria and viruses 
A) preventing peptic ulcer formation 
B) protein digestion 
C) vitamin B-12 absorption 
D) destruction of harmful bacteria and viruses

Question 11

The chemical reaction sucrose + H2O $\rarr$ fructose + glucose is an example of a ___________ reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) hydrolysis 
B) synthetic 
C) hormonal 
D) carboxylase 
A) hydrolysis 
B) synthetic 
C) hormonal 
D) carboxylase

Question 12

Most of the water in the gastrointestinal tract is absorbed in the small intestine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Gastrin, secretin, CCK, and gastric inhibitory peptide are examples of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) enzymes 
B) hormones 
C) active absorption 
D) None of these choices are accurate 
A) enzymes 
B) hormones 
C) active absorption 
D) None of these choices are accurate

Question 14

Outline the interactions between key hormones, enzymes, and nutrient digestion.

Accepted Answer

The interactions between key hormones, e

Question 15

The secretions of the gallbladder, liver, and pancreas enter the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) ileum, by way of a common duct 
B) duodenum, by way of the sphincter of Oddi 
C) stomach, by way of a common duct 
D) jejunum, by way of the sphincter of Oddi 
A) ileum, by way of a common duct 
B) duodenum, by way of the sphincter of Oddi 
C) stomach, by way of a common duct 
D) jejunum, by way of the sphincter of Oddi

Question 16

Celiac disease is best treated by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) medication prescribed by a physician 
B) a high-fiber diet 
C) a gluten-free diet 
D) an allergen-free diet 
A) medication prescribed by a physician 
B) a high-fiber diet 
C) a gluten-free diet 
D) an allergen-free diet

Question 17

Functions of the large intestine include ________.

Accepted Answer

A) housing bacterial flora that keep the GI tract healthy 
B) absorption of water and electrolytes, especially sodium and potassium 
C) the defecation of feces 
D) All of these responses are correct 
A) housing bacterial flora that keep the GI tract healthy 
B) absorption of water and electrolytes, especially sodium and potassium 
C) the defecation of feces 
D) All of these responses are correct

Question 18

Human digestion of food begins in the _______, where the enzyme _____ breaks down a small amount of starch.

Accepted Answer

A) mouth; amylase 
B) stomach; pepsin 
C) small intestine; amylase 
D) mouth; lipase 
A) mouth; amylase 
B) stomach; pepsin 
C) small intestine; amylase 
D) mouth; lipase

Question 19

The smallest functional unit of the human body is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) organ 
B) organ system 
C) cell 
D) epithelial tissue 
A) organ 
B) organ system 
C) cell 
D) epithelial tissue

Question 20

Which of the following dietary or nutritional factors may worsen gastroesophageal reflux disease?

Accepted Answer

A) Being overweight 
B) Consuming a high-fat diet 
C) Alcohol and caffeine consumption 
D) Consumption of large meals 
E) All of these responses are correct 
A) Being overweight 
B) Consuming a high-fat diet 
C) Alcohol and caffeine consumption 
D) Consumption of large meals 
E) All of these responses are correct

Most digestive enzymes are synthesized by the ________.

The taste sensation umami can best be described as ________.

Water-soluble nutrients enter into the body by way of ________.

Describe the major function of each organ used in the digestive process.

Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed directly into the cardiovascular system.

Fiber and starches not digested in the small intestine may be fermented by bacteria in the large intestine to form ________.

Which substances can be absorbed in the small intestine?

Using mineral oil as a laxative can cause ________.

The villi found in the gastrointestinal tract ________.

The gastric secretion, pepsin, is necessary for ________.

The chemical reaction sucrose + H₂O $\rarr$ fructose + glucose is an example of a ___________ reaction.

Most of the water in the gastrointestinal tract is absorbed in the small intestine.

Gastrin, secretin, CCK, and gastric inhibitory peptide are examples of ________.

Outline the interactions between key hormones, enzymes, and nutrient digestion.

The secretions of the gallbladder, liver, and pancreas enter the ________.

Celiac disease is best treated by ________.

Functions of the large intestine include ________.

Human digestion of food begins in the ___, where the enzyme _ breaks down a small amount of starch.

The smallest functional unit of the human body is the ________.

Which of the following dietary or nutritional factors may worsen gastroesophageal reflux disease?

The Science of Nutrition

Tools of a Healthy Diet

The Food Supply

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Alcohol

Energy Metabolism

Energy Balance, Weight Control, and Eating Disorders

Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports

Micronutrients: Vitamins and Minerals

Micronutrients in Energy and Amino Acid Metabolism

Fluid Balance and Blood Health

Bone Health and Body Defense Systems

Nutritional Aspects of Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Nutrition During the Growing Years

Nutrition During the Adult Years

Filters

Exam 4: Human Digestion and Absorption

Most digestive enzymes are synthesized by the ________.

The taste sensation umami can best be described as ________.

Water-soluble nutrients enter into the body by way of ________.

Describe the major function of each organ used in the digestive process.

Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed directly into the cardiovascular system.

Fiber and starches not digested in the small intestine may be fermented by bacteria in the large intestine to form ________.

Which substances can be absorbed in the small intestine?

Using mineral oil as a laxative can cause ________.

The villi found in the gastrointestinal tract ________.

The gastric secretion, pepsin, is necessary for ________.

The chemical reaction sucrose + H2O →\rarr→ fructose + glucose is an example of a ___________ reaction.

Most of the water in the gastrointestinal tract is absorbed in the small intestine.

Gastrin, secretin, CCK, and gastric inhibitory peptide are examples of ________.

Outline the interactions between key hormones, enzymes, and nutrient digestion.

The secretions of the gallbladder, liver, and pancreas enter the ________.

Celiac disease is best treated by ________.

Functions of the large intestine include ________.

Human digestion of food begins in the _______, where the enzyme _____ breaks down a small amount of starch.

The smallest functional unit of the human body is the ________.

Which of the following dietary or nutritional factors may worsen gastroesophageal reflux disease?

The Science of Nutrition

Tools of a Healthy Diet

The Food Supply

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Alcohol

Energy Metabolism

Energy Balance, Weight Control, and Eating Disorders

Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports

Micronutrients: Vitamins and Minerals

Micronutrients in Energy and Amino Acid Metabolism

Fluid Balance and Blood Health

Bone Health and Body Defense Systems

Nutritional Aspects of Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Nutrition During the Growing Years

Nutrition During the Adult Years

Filters

The chemical reaction sucrose + H₂O $\rarr$ fructose + glucose is an example of a ___________ reaction.

Human digestion of food begins in the ___, where the enzyme _ breaks down a small amount of starch.