Exam 13: Micronutrients in Energy and Amino Acid Metabolism

The fact that the amino acid tryptophan can be converted to niacin by the body explains why ________.

Vitamin B-12 is absorbed in the ________.

Pyridoxal, pyridoxine, and pyridoxamine are three forms of ________.

Supplemental vitamin B-6, vitamin B-12, and folate can reduce blood levels of homocysteine, but have not been proven to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Thiamin, niacin, and riboflavin work together in important biochemical pathways that ________.

For vitamin B-12 to be absorbed, it must be attached to ________.

Which of the following factors can interfere with the absorption of vitamin B-12?

A high intake of raw egg whites (>12 per day) can inhibit absorption of ________.

Biochemical reactions that add CO₂ to compounds often require ________.

In a situation where there is an insufficient intake of dietary iodide, the thyroid-stimulating hormone promotes the enlargement of the thyroid gland.This condition is called ________.

Goitrogenic foods that can inhibit iodide metabolism include ________.

Whole grains, nuts, legumes, and tea are the best sources of manganese.

Pantothenic acid is a part of _________, an important biochemical compound.

________ are very large immature red blood cells, which are formed as a result of folate deficiency.

Research shows that supplemental vitamin B-6 may help women who are experiencing ________.

Irreversible nerve damage may be caused by excessive intake of _______ supplements.

Good sources of folate include ________.

In addition to its role in amino acid metabolism, vitamin B-6 is also required for ________.

Bright yellow urine usually is indicative that someone is supplementing with ________.

Discuss the roles of thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and pantothenic acid in energy metabolism.