Question 1

Fluoride is typically provided by sources such as ________.

Accepted Answer

A) toothpaste 
B) fluoride treatments by the dentist 
C) drinking water 
D) All of these choices are accurate 
A) toothpaste 
B) fluoride treatments by the dentist 
C) drinking water 
D) All of these choices are accurate

Question 2

Which factor(s) limits absorption of dietary calcium?

Accepted Answer

A) Phytic acid 
B) Chronic diarrhea 
C) Tannins in tea 
D) Vitamin D deficiency 
E) All of these choices are accurate 
A) Phytic acid 
B) Chronic diarrhea 
C) Tannins in tea 
D) Vitamin D deficiency 
E) All of these choices are accurate

Question 3

Parathyroid hormone elevates blood calcium levels by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing the synthesis of 1, 25 (OH)2 vitamin D 
B) reducing calcium excretion by the kidneys 
C) increasing bone resorption by osteoclast activity 
D) All of the choices are accurate 
A)  increasing the synthesis of 1, 25 (OH)2 vitamin D 
B) reducing calcium excretion by the kidneys 
C) increasing bone resorption by osteoclast activity 
D) All of the choices are accurate

Question 4

Vitamin A deficiency can result in development of xerophthalmia in membranes of the eye.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a function of vitamin D?

Accepted Answer

A) Maintaining phosphorus homeostasis 
B) Regulating cell cycle activity 
C) Promoting antioxidant activity 
D) Increasing immunity against infections 
A) Maintaining phosphorus homeostasis 
B) Regulating cell cycle activity 
C) Promoting antioxidant activity 
D) Increasing immunity against infections

Question 6

Vitamin D synthesis in the skin is affected by all of the following EXCEPT ________.

Accepted Answer

A) use of sunscreen 
B) skin color 
C) geographic location 
D) All of these factors can affect vitamin D synthesis 
A) use of sunscreen 
B) skin color 
C) geographic location 
D) All of these factors can affect vitamin D synthesis

Question 7

Magnesium deficiency is most often caused by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) excessive intakes of sodium and potassium 
B) low dietary intake of magnesium 
C) GI disorders that cause prolonged diarrhea or vomiting 
D) osteopenia or osteoporosis 
A) excessive intakes of sodium and potassium 
B) low dietary intake of magnesium 
C) GI disorders that cause prolonged diarrhea or vomiting 
D) osteopenia or osteoporosis

Question 8

Why is fluoride not always classified as an essential trace mineral?

Accepted Answer

Fluoride is a mineral that is found natu

Question 9

Some scientists believe that vitamin D recommendation should be much higher than currently set.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
B) False 
A) True 
B) False

Question 10

Good food sources of phosphorus include ________.

Accepted Answer

A) fruits and vegetables 
B) nuts and oils 
C) dairy products, meats, and cereals 
D) dairy products and leafy green vegetables 
A) fruits and vegetables 
B) nuts and oils 
C) dairy products, meats, and cereals 
D) dairy products and leafy green vegetables

Question 11

In addition to its role in bone development and maintenance, calcium is also required for ________.

Accepted Answer

A) blood clotting, transmitting nerve impulses, and muscle contraction 
B) regulating potassium excretion, normal kidney function, and regulating intracellular water content 
C) phospholipid synthesis, muscle contraction, and formation of DNA and RNA 
D) blood clotting, magnesium absorption, and insulin release from the pancreas 
A) blood clotting, transmitting nerve impulses, and muscle contraction 
B) regulating potassium excretion, normal kidney function, and regulating intracellular water content 
C) phospholipid synthesis, muscle contraction, and formation of DNA and RNA 
D) blood clotting, magnesium absorption, and insulin release from the pancreas

Question 12

Vitamin A supplements are not necessary for most adult Americans as they have significant reserves in ________.

Accepted Answer

A) the eye 
B) the skin 
C) the kidney 
D) the liver 
A) the eye 
B) the skin 
C) the kidney 
D) the liver

Question 13

The more dense a bone is, the more brittle it will be.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Vitamin E is carried to the liver and other tissues by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) albumin 
B) hemoglobin 
C) lipoproteins 
D) retinol-binding proteins 
A) albumin 
B) hemoglobin 
C) lipoproteins 
D) retinol-binding proteins

Question 15

Which statement correctly describes vitamin A?

Accepted Answer

A) Vitamin A is carried from the liver by retinol-binding protein and transthyretin in the blood. 
B) Nearly all cells have vitamin-A binding retinoid receptors. 
C) Within a cell, vitamin A is involved in gene expression and cell differentiation. 
D) All of these statements are correct. 
A) Vitamin A is carried from the liver by retinol-binding protein and transthyretin in the blood. 
B) Nearly all cells have vitamin-A binding retinoid receptors. 
C) Within a cell, vitamin A is involved in gene expression and cell differentiation. 
D) All of these statements are correct.

Question 16

In the intestinal cells, ________.

Accepted Answer

A) vitamin A, as retinal, is converted to beta-carotene 
B) carotenes are split by an intestinal enzyme to form vitamin A 
C) excess vitamin A is carried to the kidney for excretion 
D) All of these choices are correct 
A) vitamin A, as retinal, is converted to beta-carotene 
B) carotenes are split by an intestinal enzyme to form vitamin A 
C) excess vitamin A is carried to the kidney for excretion 
D) All of these choices are correct

Question 17

A potential danger of using oral Accutane for acne is that it ________.

Accepted Answer

A) can cause spontaneous abortion and birth defects 
B) can cause blindness if used for over a year 
C) may lead to atherosclerosis 
D) can lead to osteomalacia 
A) can cause spontaneous abortion and birth defects 
B) can cause blindness if used for over a year 
C) may lead to atherosclerosis 
D) can lead to osteomalacia

Question 18

Factors such as heat, iron, copper, and oxygen ________.

Accepted Answer

A) enhance the stability of vitamin C in foods 
B) destroy vitamin C in foods 
C) have no effect on vitamin C 
D) convert vitamin C from its inactive to active form 
A) enhance the stability of vitamin C in foods 
B) destroy vitamin C in foods 
C) have no effect on vitamin C 
D) convert vitamin C from its inactive to active form

Question 19

The RDA for vitamin C is 60 mg/day or 4 ounces of orange juice a day.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

As calcitriol, vitamin D functions in calcium and bone metabolism by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) reducing calcium excretion by the kidney 
B) regulating calcium and phosphorus absorption through the intestinal wall 
C) regulating the levels of calcium and phosphorus in bones 
D) All of these choices are accurate 
A) reducing calcium excretion by the kidney 
B) regulating calcium and phosphorus absorption through the intestinal wall 
C) regulating the levels of calcium and phosphorus in bones 
D) All of these choices are accurate

Fluoride is typically provided by sources such as ________.

Which factor(s) limits absorption of dietary calcium?

Parathyroid hormone elevates blood calcium levels by ________.

Vitamin A deficiency can result in development of xerophthalmia in membranes of the eye.

Which of the following is NOT a function of vitamin D?

Vitamin D synthesis in the skin is affected by all of the following EXCEPT ________.

Magnesium deficiency is most often caused by ________.

Why is fluoride not always classified as an essential trace mineral?

Some scientists believe that vitamin D recommendation should be much higher than currently set.

Good food sources of phosphorus include ________.

In addition to its role in bone development and maintenance, calcium is also required for ________.

Vitamin A supplements are not necessary for most adult Americans as they have significant reserves in ________.

The more dense a bone is, the more brittle it will be.

Vitamin E is carried to the liver and other tissues by ________.

Which statement correctly describes vitamin A?

In the intestinal cells, ________.

A potential danger of using oral Accutane for acne is that it ________.

Factors such as heat, iron, copper, and oxygen ________.

The RDA for vitamin C is 60 mg/day or 4 ounces of orange juice a day.

As calcitriol, vitamin D functions in calcium and bone metabolism by ________.

The Science of Nutrition

Tools of a Healthy Diet

The Food Supply

Human Digestion and Absorption

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Alcohol

Energy Metabolism

Energy Balance, Weight Control, and Eating Disorders

Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports

Micronutrients: Vitamins and Minerals

Micronutrients in Energy and Amino Acid Metabolism

Fluid Balance and Blood Health

Nutritional Aspects of Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Nutrition During the Growing Years

Nutrition During the Adult Years

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Exam 15: Bone Health and Body Defense Systems

Fluoride is typically provided by sources such as ________.

Which factor(s) limits absorption of dietary calcium?

Parathyroid hormone elevates blood calcium levels by ________.

Vitamin A deficiency can result in development of xerophthalmia in membranes of the eye.

Which of the following is NOT a function of vitamin D?

Vitamin D synthesis in the skin is affected by all of the following EXCEPT ________.

Magnesium deficiency is most often caused by ________.

Why is fluoride not always classified as an essential trace mineral?

Some scientists believe that vitamin D recommendation should be much higher than currently set.

Good food sources of phosphorus include ________.

In addition to its role in bone development and maintenance, calcium is also required for ________.

Vitamin A supplements are not necessary for most adult Americans as they have significant reserves in ________.

The more dense a bone is, the more brittle it will be.

Vitamin E is carried to the liver and other tissues by ________.

Which statement correctly describes vitamin A?

In the intestinal cells, ________.

A potential danger of using oral Accutane for acne is that it ________.

Factors such as heat, iron, copper, and oxygen ________.

The RDA for vitamin C is 60 mg/day or 4 ounces of orange juice a day.

As calcitriol, vitamin D functions in calcium and bone metabolism by ________.

The Science of Nutrition

Tools of a Healthy Diet

The Food Supply

Human Digestion and Absorption

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Alcohol

Energy Metabolism

Energy Balance, Weight Control, and Eating Disorders

Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports

Micronutrients: Vitamins and Minerals

Micronutrients in Energy and Amino Acid Metabolism

Fluid Balance and Blood Health

Nutritional Aspects of Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Nutrition During the Growing Years

Nutrition During the Adult Years

Filters