Question 1

A _______ allele encodes a protein that is made in the proper amount and functions normally.

Accepted Answer

A)  loss-of-function 
B)  mutant 
C)  wild-type 
D)  gain-of-function 
E)  lethal 
A)  loss-of-function 
B)  mutant 
C)  wild-type 
D)  gain-of-function 
E)  lethal

Question 2

When wild-type offspring are produced from a cross between parents that both display the same recessive phenotype, this illustrates the genetic phenomenon of _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  simple recessive alleles 
B)  incomplete penetrance 
C)  complementation 
D)  gene dosage 
E)  a spontaneous mutation 
A)  simple recessive alleles 
B)  incomplete penetrance 
C)  complementation 
D)  gene dosage 
E)  a spontaneous mutation

Question 3

A male Manx cat and a female Manx cat produce kitten. What is the probability that kitten has a non-manx tail?

Accepted Answer

A)  1/3 
B)  1/2 
C)  1/4 
D)  2/3 
A)  1/3 
B)  1/2 
C)  1/4 
D)  2/3

Question 4

Epistasis is _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) another term for overdominance 
B) when one gene can mask the expression of a second gene 
C) a trait that is only expressed in one sex of the species 
D) when two dominant alleles can be expressed in the same individual 
E) None of the answers are correct 
A) another term for overdominance 
B) when one gene can mask the expression of a second gene 
C) a trait that is only expressed in one sex of the species 
D) when two dominant alleles can be expressed in the same individual 
E) None of the answers are correct

Question 5

Incomplete penetrance indicates that individuals who possess a dominant trait always express the trait.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A paralog ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is found for every gene in mammals 
B)  is only found on the X but not the Y chromosome 
C)  can explain the lack of phenotype for a gene knockout 
D)  cannot be mutated 
E)  has the same DNA sequence as the original duplicated gene 
A)  is found for every gene in mammals 
B)  is only found on the X but not the Y chromosome 
C)  can explain the lack of phenotype for a gene knockout 
D)  cannot be mutated 
E)  has the same DNA sequence as the original duplicated gene

Question 7

At the molecular level, which of the following best explain heterozygous advantage and overdominance?

Accepted Answer

A)  A heterozygous individual can produce more varieties of homodimer proteins 
B)  The alleles produce two different proteins with slightly different functions 
C)  The proteins produced by the alleles may provide a broader range of environmental tolerance, such as temperature ranges 
D)  Infectious organisms may recognize only a specific functional protein 
E)  All of the answers are possibilities 
A)  A heterozygous individual can produce more varieties of homodimer proteins 
B)  The alleles produce two different proteins with slightly different functions 
C)  The proteins produced by the alleles may provide a broader range of environmental tolerance, such as temperature ranges 
D)  Infectious organisms may recognize only a specific functional protein 
E)  All of the answers are possibilities

Question 8

In an epistatic interaction, the genes must be located on the same chromosome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

For a certain trait, a heterozygous individual has a selective advantage as compared to a homozygous dominant or homozygous recessive individual. This is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  codominance 
B)  incomplete dominance 
C)  overdominance 
D)  incomplete penetrance 
E)  multiple allele systems 
A)  codominance 
B)  incomplete dominance 
C)  overdominance 
D)  incomplete penetrance 
E)  multiple allele systems

Question 10

If an allele is dominant in one sex and recessive in another, it is an example of ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) sex-limited inheritance 
B) sex-influenced inheritance 
C) incomplete dominance 
D) simple Mendelian inheritance 
A) sex-limited inheritance 
B) sex-influenced inheritance 
C) incomplete dominance 
D) simple Mendelian inheritance

Question 11

Temperature-sensitive alleles are examples of _________.

Accepted Answer

A) essential genes 
B) lethal alleles 
C) semilethal alleles 
D) nonessential genes 
E)  conditional lethal alleles 
A) essential genes 
B) lethal alleles 
C) semilethal alleles 
D) nonessential genes 
E)  conditional lethal alleles

Question 12

At the molecular level, type A and type B blood differ in which of the following characteristics?

Accepted Answer

A) The antigens present on the surface of the red blood cells 
B) The type of sugar found in each type 
C) The antibodies that are generated against the other type of blood 
D) All of the answers are correct 
A) The antigens present on the surface of the red blood cells 
B) The type of sugar found in each type 
C) The antibodies that are generated against the other type of blood 
D) All of the answers are correct

Question 13

Phenylketonuria in humans is an example of __________.

Accepted Answer

A) incomplete penetrance 
B) codominance 
C) an environmentally-influenced trait 
D) incomplete dominance 
A) incomplete penetrance 
B) codominance 
C) an environmentally-influenced trait 
D) incomplete dominance

Question 14

The coat characteristics of arctic foxes and Siamese cats, where proteins in the extremities function differently than in other parts of the body, is an example of _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  incomplete dominance 
B)  multiple allele systems 
C)  semilethal alleles 
D)  temperature-sensitive allele 
E)  None of the answers are correct 
A)  incomplete dominance 
B)  multiple allele systems 
C)  semilethal alleles 
D)  temperature-sensitive allele 
E)  None of the answers are correct

Question 15

An individual carries the allele for polydactyly, but is normal. This is an example of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  simple Mendelian inheritance 
B)  incomplete dominance 
C)  incomplete penetrance 
D)  codominance 
E)  gene dosage 
A)  simple Mendelian inheritance 
B)  incomplete dominance 
C)  incomplete penetrance 
D)  codominance 
E)  gene dosage

Question 16

Incomplete dominance is an example of blending of phenotypes, not genotypes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

In cattle, the presence or absence of scurs follows a sex-influenced pattern of inheritance. A heterozygous male has _______ and a heterozygous female has _______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  Y-linked, X-linked 
B)  no scurs, scurs 
C)  X-linked, Y-linked 
D)  scurs, no scurs 
A)  Y-linked, X-linked 
B)  no scurs, scurs 
C)  X-linked, Y-linked 
D)  scurs, no scurs

Question 18

The presence of a group of antigens that determine blood type is an example of a(n) ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  semilethal allele 
B)  sex-linked trait 
C)  multiple allele system 
D)  incomplete dominance 
A)  semilethal allele 
B)  sex-linked trait 
C)  multiple allele system 
D)  incomplete dominance

Question 19

The multiple effects of a single gene on the phenotype of an organism is called _______.

Accepted Answer

A) epistasis 
B) penetrance 
C) expressivity 
D) overdominance 
E)  pleiotropy 
A) epistasis 
B) penetrance 
C) expressivity 
D) overdominance 
E)  pleiotropy

Question 20

A woman who is heterozygous for an allele that results in X-linked pattern baldness marries a man who is nonbald. Which of the following would be true of their offspring?

Accepted Answer

A) All would be bald 
B) All of the females would be nonbald, all males would be bald 
C) All of the females would be nonbald, ½ of the males would be bald 
D) ½ of females would be bald, and ½ of the males would be bald 
E) All would be nonbald 
A) All would be bald 
B) All of the females would be nonbald, all males would be bald 
C) All of the females would be nonbald, ½ of the males would be bald 
D) ½ of females would be bald, and ½ of the males would be bald 
E) All would be nonbald

Exam 4: Extensions of Mendelian Inheritance

A _______ allele encodes a protein that is made in the proper amount and functions normally.

When wild-type offspring are produced from a cross between parents that both display the same recessive phenotype, this illustrates the genetic phenomenon of _______.

A male Manx cat and a female Manx cat produce kitten. What is the probability that kitten has a non-manx tail?

Epistasis is _______________.

Incomplete penetrance indicates that individuals who possess a dominant trait always express the trait.

A paralog ____________.

At the molecular level, which of the following best explain heterozygous advantage and overdominance?

In an epistatic interaction, the genes must be located on the same chromosome.

For a certain trait, a heterozygous individual has a selective advantage as compared to a homozygous dominant or homozygous recessive individual. This is called ________.

If an allele is dominant in one sex and recessive in another, it is an example of ___________.

Temperature-sensitive alleles are examples of _________.

At the molecular level, type A and type B blood differ in which of the following characteristics?

Phenylketonuria in humans is an example of __________.

The coat characteristics of arctic foxes and Siamese cats, where proteins in the extremities function differently than in other parts of the body, is an example of _________.

An individual carries the allele for polydactyly, but is normal. This is an example of __________.

Incomplete dominance is an example of blending of phenotypes, not genotypes.

In cattle, the presence or absence of scurs follows a sex-influenced pattern of inheritance. A heterozygous male has _______ and a heterozygous female has _______ .

The presence of a group of antigens that determine blood type is an example of a(n) ____________.

The multiple effects of a single gene on the phenotype of an organism is called _______.

A woman who is heterozygous for an allele that results in X-linked pattern baldness marries a man who is nonbald. Which of the following would be true of their offspring?

Overview of Genetics

Mendelian Inheritance

Chromosome Transmission During Cell Division and Sexual Reproduction

Non-Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage and Mapping in Eukaryotes

Genetic Transfer and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages

Variation in Chromosome Structure and Number

Molecular Structure of DNA and RNA

Chromosome Organization and Molecular Structure

DNA Replication

Gene Transcription and RNA Modification

Translation of MRNA

Gene Regulation in Bacteria

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes I: Transcriptional Regulation

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes II: Epigenetics and Regulation at the RNA Level

Genetics of Viruses

Gene Mutation and Dna Repair

Recombination and Transposition at the Molecular Level

DNA Technologies

Biotechnology

Genomics I: Analysis of DNA

Genomics II: Functional Genomics, Proteomics, and Bioinformatics

Medical Genetics and Cancer

Developmental Genetics

Population Genetics

Quantitative Genetics

Evolutionary Genetics

Filters

In cattle, the presence or absence of scurs follows a sex-influenced pattern of inheritance. A heterozygous male has _ and a heterozygous female has _ .