Question 1

What is one component that is needed to perform a PCR?

Accepted Answer

A) primers 
B) DNA ligase 
C) RNA polymerase 
D) deoxynucleoside triphosphates 
A) primers 
B) DNA ligase 
C) RNA polymerase 
D) deoxynucleoside triphosphates A

Question 2

Restriction endonucleases recognize specific sequences in the DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Mutations generated during site-directed mutagenesis occur randomly in the genome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

What occurs during the annealing stage of a PCR reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) The DNA strands separate 
B) The DNA polymerase copies the template DNA 
C) The primers bind to complementary sequences of the template DNA 
D) The reaction stops 
A) The DNA strands separate 
B) The DNA polymerase copies the template DNA 
C) The primers bind to complementary sequences of the template DNA 
D) The reaction stops

Question 5

What is one technique that is used to identify a specific DNA sequence of a sample from a library?

Accepted Answer

A)  Western blotting 
B)  Northern blotting 
C)  Southern blotting 
D)  Eastern blotting 
A)  Western blotting 
B)  Northern blotting 
C)  Southern blotting 
D)  Eastern blotting

Question 6

What is the purpose of DNA ligase in a cloning experiment?

Accepted Answer

A) The purpose is to proofread the vector for mistakes. 
B) The purpose is to reestablish the stable sugar-phosphate backbone of the DNA molecule. 
C) The purpose is to allow the vector to enter into the cell. 
D) The purpose is to function as a selectable marker. 
A) The purpose is to proofread the vector for mistakes. 
B) The purpose is to reestablish the stable sugar-phosphate backbone of the DNA molecule. 
C) The purpose is to allow the vector to enter into the cell. 
D) The purpose is to function as a selectable marker.

Question 7

What technique can be used to determine DNA-protein interactions?

Accepted Answer

A) Western blotting 
B) PCR 
C) DNAse I foot printing 
D) restriction enzyme analysis 
A) Western blotting 
B) PCR 
C) DNAse I foot printing 
D) restriction enzyme analysis

Question 8

A plasmid that contains separate origins of replication for two different species is called a(n) _________.

Accepted Answer

A) R factor 
B) expression vector 
C) viral vector 
D) shuttle vector 
A) R factor 
B) expression vector 
C) viral vector 
D) shuttle vector

Question 9

A vector is a small segment of DNA that a gene of interest is inserted into for cloning.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Small circular pieces of bacterial DNA that are used as vectors in cloning experiments are called _____.

Accepted Answer

A) phages 
B) viruses 
C) plasmids 
D) chromosomes 
A) phages 
B) viruses 
C) plasmids 
D) chromosomes

Question 11

Antibodies can be used as a probe for which technique?

Accepted Answer

A) Western blotting 
B) Northern blotting 
C) Southern blotting 
D) Eastern blotting 
A) Western blotting 
B) Northern blotting 
C) Southern blotting 
D) Eastern blotting

Question 12

cDNA is made using what as the starting material?

Accepted Answer

A) plasmid vectors 
B) viral DNA 
C) chromosomal DNA 
D) mRNA 
A) plasmid vectors 
B) viral DNA 
C) chromosomal DNA 
D) mRNA

Question 13

The DNA Pol III enzyme can use mRNA to make a cDNA strand.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

What is a DNA library?

Accepted Answer

A) A collection of vectors, each containing a fragment of the original genome 
B) A complete sequence of the genetic material in an organism 
C) An electronic file that may be used for additional genetic analysis 
D) A collection of mRNA from a given cell 
A) A collection of vectors, each containing a fragment of the original genome 
B) A complete sequence of the genetic material in an organism 
C) An electronic file that may be used for additional genetic analysis 
D) A collection of mRNA from a given cell

Question 15

Who developed the process of the polymerase chain reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) Watson and Crick 
B) McClintock 
C) Mullis 
D) Pauling 
A) Watson and Crick 
B) McClintock 
C) Mullis 
D) Pauling

Question 16

Which of the following is a step in a PCR?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA is cooled to a temperature at which the hydrogen bonds holding the strands break. 
B) The primers anneal to the complementary sequences on the template DNA. 
C) DNA gyrase enzyme relieves the supercoiling ahead of the replication fork. 
D) The DNase I synthesizes a new strand of DNA that is complementary to the template DNA. 
A) DNA is cooled to a temperature at which the hydrogen bonds holding the strands break. 
B) The primers anneal to the complementary sequences on the template DNA. 
C) DNA gyrase enzyme relieves the supercoiling ahead of the replication fork. 
D) The DNase I synthesizes a new strand of DNA that is complementary to the template DNA.

Question 17

In a cloning experiment, you use a vector that contains a lacZ gene as a selectable marker. If the competent cells are grown on X-Gal and IPTG, which colonies would contain chromosomal DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  The white colonies 
B)  The blue colonies 
C)  Half the total colonies 
D)  None of the colonies 
A)  The white colonies 
B)  The blue colonies 
C)  Half the total colonies 
D)  None of the colonies

Question 18

The polymerase used in PCR reactions is derived from the thermophile organism Thermus aquaticus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

What is the purpose of RNaseH in the making of cDNA?

Accepted Answer

A) It copies the mRNA into a complementary DNA strand. 
B) It reforms the sugar-phosphate backbone. 
C) It generates short RNAs that are used as primers. 
D) It proofreads the cDNA for errors. 
A) It copies the mRNA into a complementary DNA strand. 
B) It reforms the sugar-phosphate backbone. 
C) It generates short RNAs that are used as primers. 
D) It proofreads the cDNA for errors.

Question 20

A researcher is interested in whether or not a transcription factor binds to a specific site on a strand of DNA. However, the samples accidentally contain SDS. What will the gel mobility shift assay results show?

Accepted Answer

A)  The protein will bind the DNA and retard the movement of the DNA through the gel. 
B)  The protein will not bind to the DNA and the movement of the DNA through the gel will not be affected. 
C)  The protein will bind the DNA and the movement of the DNA through the gel will not be affected. 
D)  The protein will not bind the DNA and the movement of the DNA through the gel will be affected. 
A)  The protein will bind the DNA and retard the movement of the DNA through the gel. 
B)  The protein will not bind to the DNA and the movement of the DNA through the gel will not be affected. 
C)  The protein will bind the DNA and the movement of the DNA through the gel will not be affected. 
D)  The protein will not bind the DNA and the movement of the DNA through the gel will be affected.

Exam 20: DNA Technologies

What is one component that is needed to perform a PCR?

Restriction endonucleases recognize specific sequences in the DNA.

Mutations generated during site-directed mutagenesis occur randomly in the genome.

What occurs during the annealing stage of a PCR reaction?

What is one technique that is used to identify a specific DNA sequence of a sample from a library?

What is the purpose of DNA ligase in a cloning experiment?

What technique can be used to determine DNA-protein interactions?

A plasmid that contains separate origins of replication for two different species is called a(n) _________.

A vector is a small segment of DNA that a gene of interest is inserted into for cloning.

Small circular pieces of bacterial DNA that are used as vectors in cloning experiments are called _____.

Antibodies can be used as a probe for which technique?

cDNA is made using what as the starting material?

The DNA Pol III enzyme can use mRNA to make a cDNA strand.

What is a DNA library?

Who developed the process of the polymerase chain reaction?

Which of the following is a step in a PCR?

In a cloning experiment, you use a vector that contains a lacZ gene as a selectable marker. If the competent cells are grown on X-Gal and IPTG, which colonies would contain chromosomal DNA?

The polymerase used in PCR reactions is derived from the thermophile organism Thermus aquaticus.

What is the purpose of RNaseH in the making of cDNA?

A researcher is interested in whether or not a transcription factor binds to a specific site on a strand of DNA. However, the samples accidentally contain SDS. What will the gel mobility shift assay results show?

Overview of Genetics

Mendelian Inheritance

Chromosome Transmission During Cell Division and Sexual Reproduction

Extensions of Mendelian Inheritance

Non-Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage and Mapping in Eukaryotes

Genetic Transfer and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages

Variation in Chromosome Structure and Number

Molecular Structure of DNA and RNA

Chromosome Organization and Molecular Structure

DNA Replication

Gene Transcription and RNA Modification

Translation of MRNA

Gene Regulation in Bacteria

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes I: Transcriptional Regulation

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes II: Epigenetics and Regulation at the RNA Level

Genetics of Viruses

Gene Mutation and Dna Repair

Recombination and Transposition at the Molecular Level

Biotechnology

Genomics I: Analysis of DNA

Genomics II: Functional Genomics, Proteomics, and Bioinformatics

Medical Genetics and Cancer

Developmental Genetics

Population Genetics

Quantitative Genetics

Evolutionary Genetics

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