Question 1

Which of these describes how the body compensates for anemia?

Accepted Answer

A) Increasing rate and depth of breathing 
B) Decreasing capillary vasoconstriction 
C) Hemoglobin holding more firmly onto oxygen 
D) Kidneys releasing more erythropoietin 
A) Increasing rate and depth of breathing 
B) Decreasing capillary vasoconstriction 
C) Hemoglobin holding more firmly onto oxygen 
D) Kidneys releasing more erythropoietin

Question 2

Shortened erythrocyte life span, ineffective bone marrow response to erythropoietin, and altered iron metabolism describe the pathophysiologic characteristics of which type of anemia?

Accepted Answer

A) Aplastic 
B) Sideroblastic 
C) Anemia of chronic disease 
D) Iron deficiency 
A) Aplastic 
B) Sideroblastic 
C) Anemia of chronic disease 
D) Iron deficiency

Question 3

A patient has been hospitalized for a large deep vein thrombosis and states he is the third person in his family to have this condition in the last 2 years. What response by the healthcare professional is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A) "This condition is not transmitted genetically." 
B) "We can test your blood for factor V Leiden." 
C) "Were they all men or both men and women?" 
D) "Familial thromboses tend to be very severe." 
A) "This condition is not transmitted genetically." 
B) "We can test your blood for factor V Leiden." 
C) "Were they all men or both men and women?" 
D) "Familial thromboses tend to be very severe."

Question 4

A student asks the professor to explain the jaundice that accompanies hemolytic anemia. Which statement is by the professor is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

A) Erythrocytes are destroyed in the spleen. 
B) Heme destruction exceeds the liver's ability to conjugate and excrete bilirubin. 
C) The patient has elevations in aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT). 
D) The erythrocytes are coated with an immunoglobulin. 
A) Erythrocytes are destroyed in the spleen. 
B) Heme destruction exceeds the liver's ability to conjugate and excrete bilirubin. 
C) The patient has elevations in aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT). 
D) The erythrocytes are coated with an immunoglobulin.

Question 5

A healthcare professional is reviewing a patient's laboratory results and sees that the patient has a low reticulocyte count and a high iron level. Which type of anemia does the professional associate these findings with?

Accepted Answer

A) Folate deficiency anemia 
B) Iron deficiency anemia 
C) Hemolytic anemia 
D) Anemia of chronic disease 
A) Folate deficiency anemia 
B) Iron deficiency anemia 
C) Hemolytic anemia 
D) Anemia of chronic disease

Question 6

A healthcare professional is evaluating laboratory results for a patient who has disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). What results would the professional consider consistent with this condition? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) Elevated d-dimer 
B) Elevated creatinine 
C) Decreased protein C 
D) Decreased lactate dehydrogenase 
E) Increased pH 
A) Elevated d-dimer 
B) Elevated creatinine 
C) Decreased protein C 
D) Decreased lactate dehydrogenase 
E) Increased pH

Question 7

How is the effectiveness of vitamin B₁₂ therapy measured?

Accepted Answer

A) Reticulocyte count 
B) Serum transferring 
C) Hemoglobin 
D) Serum vitamin B₁₂ 
A) Reticulocyte count 
B) Serum transferring 
C) Hemoglobin 
D) Serum vitamin B₁₂

Question 8

Which anemia produces small, pale erythrocytes?

Accepted Answer

A) Folic acid 
B) Hemolytic 
C) Iron deficiency 
D) Pernicious 
A) Folic acid 
B) Hemolytic 
C) Iron deficiency 
D) Pernicious

Question 9

A patient in the healthcare clinic reports fatigue, weakness, and dyspnea, as well as pale conjunctiva of the eyes and brittle, concave nails. What assessment by the healthcare professional is most appropriate for the suspected anemia?

Accepted Answer

A) Blood pressure and apical pulse 
B) Oral mucus membranes and tongue 
C) Ability to swallow foods and liquids 
D) Skin and sclera for normal coloration 
A) Blood pressure and apical pulse 
B) Oral mucus membranes and tongue 
C) Ability to swallow foods and liquids 
D) Skin and sclera for normal coloration

Question 10

A healthcare professional has educated a student on folic acid. Which statement by the student indicates that more teaching is needed?

Accepted Answer

A) Folic acid absorption is dependent on the enzyme folacin. 
B) Folic acid is stored in the liver. 
C) Folic acid is essential for RNA and DNA synthesis within erythrocytes. 
D) Folic acid is absorbed in the upper small intestine. 
A) Folic acid absorption is dependent on the enzyme folacin. 
B) Folic acid is stored in the liver. 
C) Folic acid is essential for RNA and DNA synthesis within erythrocytes. 
D) Folic acid is absorbed in the upper small intestine.

Question 11

A patient has defective secretion of the intrinsic factor leading to anemia. What treatment option does the healthcare professional discuss with the patient?

Accepted Answer

A) Increasing iron sources in the diet such as red meat. 
B) Vitamin B₁₂ injections initially given once a week. 
C) Having relatives tested for bone marrow donation. 
D) Better control of the patient's underlying disorder. 
A) Increasing iron sources in the diet such as red meat. 
B) Vitamin B₁₂ injections initially given once a week. 
C) Having relatives tested for bone marrow donation. 
D) Better control of the patient's underlying disorder.

Exam 29: Alterations of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and Hemostatic Function

Which of these describes how the body compensates for anemia?

Shortened erythrocyte life span, ineffective bone marrow response to erythropoietin, and altered iron metabolism describe the pathophysiologic characteristics of which type of anemia?

A patient has been hospitalized for a large deep vein thrombosis and states he is the third person in his family to have this condition in the last 2 years. What response by the healthcare professional is most appropriate?

A student asks the professor to explain the jaundice that accompanies hemolytic anemia. Which statement is by the professor is most accurate?

A healthcare professional is reviewing a patient's laboratory results and sees that the patient has a low reticulocyte count and a high iron level. Which type of anemia does the professional associate these findings with?

A healthcare professional is evaluating laboratory results for a patient who has disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). What results would the professional consider consistent with this condition? (Select all that apply.)

How is the effectiveness of vitamin B₁₂ therapy measured?

Which anemia produces small, pale erythrocytes?

A patient in the healthcare clinic reports fatigue, weakness, and dyspnea, as well as pale conjunctiva of the eyes and brittle, concave nails. What assessment by the healthcare professional is most appropriate for the suspected anemia?

A healthcare professional has educated a student on folic acid. Which statement by the student indicates that more teaching is needed?

A patient has defective secretion of the intrinsic factor leading to anemia. What treatment option does the healthcare professional discuss with the patient?

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology: Environmental Agents

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Epigenetics and Disease

Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Cancer Biology

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

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