Question 1

What are examples of prenatal diagnostic studies? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) 
B) Amniocentesis 
C) Carrier screening 
D) Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PG
D)  
E) Drug-sensitivity testing 
A) Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) 
B) Amniocentesis 
C) Carrier screening 
D) Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PG
D)  
E) Drug-sensitivity testing

Question 2

What is the purpose of using a Giemsa staining technique on chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

A) Permit the mitotic process to be followed and monitored for variations. 
B) Allow for the numbering of chromosomes and the identification of variations. 
C) Identify new somatic cells formed through mitosis and cytokinesis. 
D) Distinguish the sex chromosomes from the homologous chromosomes. 
A) Permit the mitotic process to be followed and monitored for variations. 
B) Allow for the numbering of chromosomes and the identification of variations. 
C) Identify new somatic cells formed through mitosis and cytokinesis. 
D) Distinguish the sex chromosomes from the homologous chromosomes.

Question 3

The key to accurate DNA replication depends on which complementary base pairs? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) Adenine with thymine 
B) Adenine with guanine 
C) Guanine with cytosine 
D) Cytosine with thymine 
E) Guanine with thymine 
A) Adenine with thymine 
B) Adenine with guanine 
C) Guanine with cytosine 
D) Cytosine with thymine 
E) Guanine with thymine

Question 4

Chromosomal abnormalities are the leading known cause of what? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) Mental illness 
B) Intellectual disability 
C) Fetal miscarriage 
D) Cardiovascular disease 
E) Respiratory disorders 
A) Mental illness 
B) Intellectual disability 
C) Fetal miscarriage 
D) Cardiovascular disease 
E) Respiratory disorders

Question 5

What syndrome, characterized by an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome, exhibits features that include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, and webbed neck?

Accepted Answer

A) Down 
B) Cri du chat 
C) Turner 
D) Klinefelter 
A) Down 
B) Cri du chat 
C) Turner 
D) Klinefelter

Question 6

Which statement is true regarding X-linked recessive conditions?

Accepted Answer

A) Such diseases use males as phenotypical carriers. 
B) These conditions are passed from affected father to all of his female children. 
C) 25% of an affected individual's grandsons will be affected. 
D) Cystic fibrosis is an example of such a condition. 
A) Such diseases use males as phenotypical carriers. 
B) These conditions are passed from affected father to all of his female children. 
C) 25% of an affected individual's grandsons will be affected. 
D) Cystic fibrosis is an example of such a condition.

Question 7

A couple has two children diagnosed with an autosomal dominant genetic disease and asks the healthcare professional what the probability is that their next child will have the same genetic disease. What response by the professional is best?

Accepted Answer

A) One sixth 
B) One fourth 
C) One third 
D) One half 
A) One sixth 
B) One fourth 
C) One third 
D) One half

Question 8

The presence of a zygote having one chromosome with the normal complement of genes and one with a missing gene is characteristic of which genetic disorder?

Accepted Answer

A) Cri du chat 
B) Down syndrome 
C) Klinefelter syndrome 
D) Turner syndrome 
A) Cri du chat 
B) Down syndrome 
C) Klinefelter syndrome 
D) Turner syndrome

Question 9

DNA formation occurs in which of the cell's structures?

Accepted Answer

A) Nucleus 
B) Cytoplasm 
C) Organelle 
D) Membrane 
A) Nucleus 
B) Cytoplasm 
C) Organelle 
D) Membrane

Question 10

What is the blood type of a person who is heterozygous, having A and B alleles as codominant?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) O 
D) AB 
A) A 
B) B 
C) O 
D) AB

Question 11

Which genetic disease has been linked to a mutation of the tumor-suppressor gene?

Accepted Answer

A) Hemochromatosis 
B) Retinoblastoma 
C) Familial breast cancer 
D) Hemophilia A 
A) Hemochromatosis 
B) Retinoblastoma 
C) Familial breast cancer 
D) Hemophilia A

Question 12

A person with 47, XXY karyotype has the genetic disorder resulting in which syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A) Turner 
B) Klinefelter 
C) Down 
D) Fragile X 
A) Turner 
B) Klinefelter 
C) Down 
D) Fragile X

Question 13

What is the term for an error in which homologous chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis or mitosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Aneuploidy 
B) Nondisjunction 
C) Polyploidy 
D) Translocation 
A) Aneuploidy 
B) Nondisjunction 
C) Polyploidy 
D) Translocation

Question 14

A child with which genetic disorder has a characteristic cry?

Accepted Answer

A) Down syndrome 
B) Klinefelter syndrome 
C) Turner syndrome 
D) Cri du chat 
A) Down syndrome 
B) Klinefelter syndrome 
C) Turner syndrome 
D) Cri du chat

Question 15

An amniocentesis indicates a neural tube defect when an increase in which protein is evident?

Accepted Answer

A) Cytochrome P-450 
B) Alpha fetoprotein 
C) DNA polymerase 
D) Embryonic proteins 
A) Cytochrome P-450 
B) Alpha fetoprotein 
C) DNA polymerase 
D) Embryonic proteins

Exam 4: Genes and Genetic Diseases

What are examples of prenatal diagnostic studies? (Select all that apply.)

What is the purpose of using a Giemsa staining technique on chromosomes?

The key to accurate DNA replication depends on which complementary base pairs? (Select all that apply.)

Chromosomal abnormalities are the leading known cause of what? (Select all that apply.)

What syndrome, characterized by an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome, exhibits features that include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, and webbed neck?

Which statement is true regarding X-linked recessive conditions?

A couple has two children diagnosed with an autosomal dominant genetic disease and asks the healthcare professional what the probability is that their next child will have the same genetic disease. What response by the professional is best?

The presence of a zygote having one chromosome with the normal complement of genes and one with a missing gene is characteristic of which genetic disorder?

DNA formation occurs in which of the cell's structures?

What is the blood type of a person who is heterozygous, having A and B alleles as codominant?

Which genetic disease has been linked to a mutation of the tumor-suppressor gene?

A person with 47, XXY karyotype has the genetic disorder resulting in which syndrome?

What is the term for an error in which homologous chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis or mitosis?

A child with which genetic disorder has a characteristic cry?

An amniocentesis indicates a neural tube defect when an increase in which protein is evident?

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology: Environmental Agents

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Epigenetics and Disease

Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Cancer Biology

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

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