Question 1

The process of digestion starts as food enters the stomach.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Match the digestive enzymes, labelled a. through d., with their correct characteristics.
-activation initiated by enterokinase

Accepted Answer

A) amylase 
B) trypsin 
C) chymotrypsin 
D) lipase 
A) amylase 
B) trypsin 
C) chymotrypsin 
D) lipase

Question 3

Why are epithelial cells continually being shed from the villi

Accepted Answer

A) The intracellular enzymes digest important cellular constituents, causing the cells to disintegrate and slough. 
B) New cells are continually being produced in the crypts at the base of the villi and they migrate upward. 
C) The body needs a continual supply of protein derived from the digestion of these cells. 
D) Acid entering the small intestine from the stomach constantly destroys the small intestinal lining, causing the cells to slough. 
A) The intracellular enzymes digest important cellular constituents, causing the cells to disintegrate and slough. 
B) New cells are continually being produced in the crypts at the base of the villi and they migrate upward. 
C) The body needs a continual supply of protein derived from the digestion of these cells. 
D) Acid entering the small intestine from the stomach constantly destroys the small intestinal lining, causing the cells to slough.

Question 4

Parasympathetic stimulation and sympathetic stimulation both increase salivary secretion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

What stimulates gallbladder contraction

Accepted Answer

A) CCK 
B) secretin 
C) sympathetic stimulation 
D) gastrin 
A) CCK 
B) secretin 
C) sympathetic stimulation 
D) gastrin

Question 6

Match the hormone(s), labelled a. through d., to the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
-secretion inhibited by low pH

Accepted Answer

A) both secretin and CCK 
B) secretin 
C) CCK 
D) gastrin 
A) both secretin and CCK 
B) secretin 
C) CCK 
D) gastrin

Question 7

Match the descriptions, labelled a. through l., with the items listed.
-pepsin(ogen)

Accepted Answer

A) secretes NaHCO₃ 
B) enzyme for protein digestion secreted by pancreas 
C) activates pepsinogen 
D) enzyme for fat digestion 
E) functions inside brush border
F)secretes gastrin
G)stimulates parietal and chief cells
H)enzyme for carbohydrate digestion that functions primarily in the body of the stomach
I)secreted by chief cells
J)secretes pancreatic enzymes
K)secreted by duodenal cells in response to the presence of acid
L)stimulates pancreatic acinar cells 
A) secretes NaHCO₃ 
B) enzyme for protein digestion secreted by pancreas 
C) activates pepsinogen 
D) enzyme for fat digestion 
E) functions inside brush border
F)secretes gastrin
G)stimulates parietal and chief cells
H)enzyme for carbohydrate digestion that functions primarily in the body of the stomach
I)secreted by chief cells
J)secretes pancreatic enzymes
K)secreted by duodenal cells in response to the presence of acid
L)stimulates pancreatic acinar cells

Question 8

What prevents food from entering the nasal passages during swallowing

Accepted Answer

A) elevation of the uvula 
B) contraction of the pharyngeal muscles 
C) positioning of the tongue 
D) tight apposition of the vocal cords over the glottis 
A) elevation of the uvula 
B) contraction of the pharyngeal muscles 
C) positioning of the tongue 
D) tight apposition of the vocal cords over the glottis

Question 9

Symptoms associated with constipation are attributable to toxins absorbed from the retained fecal material.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of these statements describes the serosa

Accepted Answer

A) It is the abdominal cavity containing the stomach. 
B) It is the blood supply to the stomach. 
C) It is the inner lining of the digestive tract. 
D) It is the outer connective tissue covering of the digestive tract. 
A) It is the abdominal cavity containing the stomach. 
B) It is the blood supply to the stomach. 
C) It is the inner lining of the digestive tract. 
D) It is the outer connective tissue covering of the digestive tract.

Question 11

If peristalsis in the oesophagus is insufficient to carry an especially large bolus of food through the oesophagus to the stomach, what happens to dislodge this trapped food

Accepted Answer

A) A secondary peristaltic wave is initiated by the swallowing centre. 
B) A secondary peristaltic wave is initiated by distention of the oesophagus, mediated by the intrinsic nerve plexuses. 
C) The food remains in the oesophagus until the swallowing mechanism is voluntarily initiated once again. 
D) Increased oesophageal mucus secretion occurs to lubricate the stuck bolus so that it can slide to the stomach. 
A) A secondary peristaltic wave is initiated by the swallowing centre. 
B) A secondary peristaltic wave is initiated by distention of the oesophagus, mediated by the intrinsic nerve plexuses. 
C) The food remains in the oesophagus until the swallowing mechanism is voluntarily initiated once again. 
D) Increased oesophageal mucus secretion occurs to lubricate the stuck bolus so that it can slide to the stomach.

Question 12

The three modifications of the small intestine mucosa that greatly increase the surface area available for absorption are ____________________, ____________________, and ____________________.

Accepted Answer

circular f

Question 13

Vomiting is initiated by stimulation of chemoreceptors in the medulla.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Excessive accumulation of bilirubin in the body produces the condition of ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Excessive accumulation of bilirubin in the body...

Question 15

Sympathetic stimulation inhibits salivary secretion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Migration of a new intestinal epithelial cell from the crypt at the base of the villus to the tip of the villus requires about three weeks.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which of these substances is a precursor to an enzyme that functions in the stomach

Accepted Answer

A) pepsinogen 
B) HCl 
C) intrinsic factor 
D) gastrin 
A) pepsinogen 
B) HCl 
C) intrinsic factor 
D) gastrin

Question 18

Match the hormone(s), labelled a. through d., to the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
-stimulate(s) pancreatic digestive enzyme secretion

Accepted Answer

A) both secretin and CCK 
B) secretin 
C) CCK 
D) gastrin 
A) both secretin and CCK 
B) secretin 
C) CCK 
D) gastrin

Question 19

About 9500 mL of fluid is absorbed from the digestive tract daily.What is the ultimate source of most of this fluid

Accepted Answer

A) food and fluid ingested during meals 
B) secretory cells of the digestive tract 
C) plasma 
D) accessory digestive organs 
A) food and fluid ingested during meals 
B) secretory cells of the digestive tract 
C) plasma 
D) accessory digestive organs

Question 20

Receptive relaxation refers to which of the following

Accepted Answer

A) relaxation of the pharyngoesophageal sphincter during swallowing 
B) relaxation of the pyloric sphincter when the duodenum is prepared to receive chyme 
C) relaxation of the external anal sphincter when the individual is receptive to the defecation reflex 
D) relaxation of the stomach as it starts to fill, thereby allowing an increase in volume with very little increase in pressure 
A) relaxation of the pharyngoesophageal sphincter during swallowing 
B) relaxation of the pyloric sphincter when the duodenum is prepared to receive chyme 
C) relaxation of the external anal sphincter when the individual is receptive to the defecation reflex 
D) relaxation of the stomach as it starts to fill, thereby allowing an increase in volume with very little increase in pressure

The process of digestion starts as food enters the stomach.

Match the digestive enzymes, labelled a. through d., with their correct characteristics. -activation initiated by enterokinase

Why are epithelial cells continually being shed from the villi

Parasympathetic stimulation and sympathetic stimulation both increase salivary secretion.

What stimulates gallbladder contraction

Match the hormone(s), labelled a. through d., to the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -secretion inhibited by low pH

Match the descriptions, labelled a. through l., with the items listed. -pepsin(ogen)

What prevents food from entering the nasal passages during swallowing

Symptoms associated with constipation are attributable to toxins absorbed from the retained fecal material.

Which of these statements describes the serosa

If peristalsis in the oesophagus is insufficient to carry an especially large bolus of food through the oesophagus to the stomach, what happens to dislodge this trapped food

The three modifications of the small intestine mucosa that greatly increase the surface area available for absorption are , , and .

Vomiting is initiated by stimulation of chemoreceptors in the medulla.

Excessive accumulation of bilirubin in the body produces the condition of ____________________.

Sympathetic stimulation inhibits salivary secretion.

Migration of a new intestinal epithelial cell from the crypt at the base of the villus to the tip of the villus requires about three weeks.

Which of these substances is a precursor to an enzyme that functions in the stomach

Match the hormone(s), labelled a. through d., to the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -stimulate(s) pancreatic digestive enzyme secretion

About 9500 mL of fluid is absorbed from the digestive tract daily.What is the ultimate source of most of this fluid

Receptive relaxation refers to which of the following

The Foundation of Physiology

Cell Physiology

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Sensory, Autonomic, Somatic

Principles of Endocrinology: The Central Endocrine Glands

The Endocrine Glands

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

Vascular Physiology

The Blood

Body Defences

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acidbase Balance

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Reproductive System

Filters

Exam 15: The Digestive System

The process of digestion starts as food enters the stomach.

Match the digestive enzymes, labelled a. through d., with their correct characteristics. -activation initiated by enterokinase

Why are epithelial cells continually being shed from the villi

Parasympathetic stimulation and sympathetic stimulation both increase salivary secretion.

What stimulates gallbladder contraction

Match the hormone(s), labelled a. through d., to the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -secretion inhibited by low pH

Match the descriptions, labelled a. through l., with the items listed. -pepsin(ogen)

What prevents food from entering the nasal passages during swallowing

Symptoms associated with constipation are attributable to toxins absorbed from the retained fecal material.

Which of these statements describes the serosa

If peristalsis in the oesophagus is insufficient to carry an especially large bolus of food through the oesophagus to the stomach, what happens to dislodge this trapped food

The three modifications of the small intestine mucosa that greatly increase the surface area available for absorption are ____________________, ____________________, and ____________________.

Vomiting is initiated by stimulation of chemoreceptors in the medulla.

Excessive accumulation of bilirubin in the body produces the condition of ____________________.

Sympathetic stimulation inhibits salivary secretion.

Migration of a new intestinal epithelial cell from the crypt at the base of the villus to the tip of the villus requires about three weeks.

Which of these substances is a precursor to an enzyme that functions in the stomach

Match the hormone(s), labelled a. through d., to the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -stimulate(s) pancreatic digestive enzyme secretion

About 9500 mL of fluid is absorbed from the digestive tract daily.What is the ultimate source of most of this fluid

Receptive relaxation refers to which of the following

The Foundation of Physiology

Cell Physiology

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Sensory, Autonomic, Somatic

Principles of Endocrinology: The Central Endocrine Glands

The Endocrine Glands

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

Vascular Physiology

The Blood

Body Defences

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acidbase Balance

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Reproductive System

Filters

The three modifications of the small intestine mucosa that greatly increase the surface area available for absorption are , , and .