Question 1

The concern about human-to-human transmission of bird flu is most closely monitored by

Accepted Answer

A) the national governments of the countries of the world. 
B) the World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control. 
C) World Wide Institute for Infectious Disease. 
D) International Centers for Health and Human Disease. 
A) the national governments of the countries of the world. 
B) the World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control. 
C) World Wide Institute for Infectious Disease. 
D) International Centers for Health and Human Disease. B

Question 2

The fact that life expectancy has increased significantly over the past 60 years in developing nations is primarily a result of the

Accepted Answer

A) epidemiologic transition. 
B) cultural transition. 
C) demographic transition. 
D) socioeconomic transition. 
A) epidemiologic transition. 
B) cultural transition. 
C) demographic transition. 
D) socioeconomic transition. A

Question 3

In general,countries that enjoy the best health have

Accepted Answer

A) the warmest climates. 
B) diets primarily based on eating grains. 
C) the largest families. 
D) good educational systems,particularly for women. 
A) the warmest climates. 
B) diets primarily based on eating grains. 
C) the largest families. 
D) good educational systems,particularly for women. D

Question 4

Because many places that people build homes are at high risk of a physical disaster,some people have suggested that town zoning boards identify such high risk environments as "stupid zones." Which one of the following would probably not be located in such a "stupid zone"?

Accepted Answer

A) A new home is built in Iowa,about two feet above normal water levels and 1,000 feet away from the Mississippi River. 
B) A log cabin home is constructed in a dry,drought-prone,coniferous forest in California. 
C) A new home in South Dakota sits 200 feet up a hillside,overlooking a vast natural prairie. 
D) Along the coast of southern Florida,a retired couple builds their dream home on a barrier island. 
A) A new home is built in Iowa,about two feet above normal water levels and 1,000 feet away from the Mississippi River. 
B) A log cabin home is constructed in a dry,drought-prone,coniferous forest in California. 
C) A new home in South Dakota sits 200 feet up a hillside,overlooking a vast natural prairie. 
D) Along the coast of southern Florida,a retired couple builds their dream home on a barrier island.

Question 5

Which of the following is a good example of a cultural hazard to public health?

Accepted Answer

A) During an earthquake in Japan,people are killed by falling pieces of a building. 
B) Air pollution near an oil refinery releases known carcinogens into the air. 
C) People living in southern Africa face some of the highest risks of developing tuberculosis. 
D) Eating a high-fat diet and engaging in little exercise,a man increasingly becomes obese. 
A) During an earthquake in Japan,people are killed by falling pieces of a building. 
B) Air pollution near an oil refinery releases known carcinogens into the air. 
C) People living in southern Africa face some of the highest risks of developing tuberculosis. 
D) Eating a high-fat diet and engaging in little exercise,a man increasingly becomes obese.

Question 6

Disproportionate concerns about the safety of public drinking water versus the greater dangers of cigarette smoking reflect problems of

Accepted Answer

A) exposure assessment. 
B) dose-response assessment. 
C) hazard assessment. 
D) public risk perceptions. 
A) exposure assessment. 
B) dose-response assessment. 
C) hazard assessment. 
D) public risk perceptions.

Question 7

Malaria,dengue fever,and yellow fever are most common in

Accepted Answer

A) North America. 
B) Australia and New Zealand. 
C) countries located near the equator. 
D) countries that are located nearest the poles. 
A) North America. 
B) Australia and New Zealand. 
C) countries located near the equator. 
D) countries that are located nearest the poles.

Question 8

Which of the following is a good example of a physical hazard to public health?

Accepted Answer

A) In much of the United States,mosquitoes are known to transmit West Nile Virus to people. 
B) The use of condoms is known to reduce the risk of most sexually transmitted diseases. 
C) An earthquake kills more than 200,000 people in Haiti and destroys countless homes,roads and buildings. 
D) Levels of mercury in some lakes result in dangerous levels in the meat of fish. 
A) In much of the United States,mosquitoes are known to transmit West Nile Virus to people. 
B) The use of condoms is known to reduce the risk of most sexually transmitted diseases. 
C) An earthquake kills more than 200,000 people in Haiti and destroys countless homes,roads and buildings. 
D) Levels of mercury in some lakes result in dangerous levels in the meat of fish.

Question 9

The Centers for Disease Control employs many people who study epidemiology.These people might be interested in

Accepted Answer

A) identifying new types of infectious disease. 
B) the prevention of infectious disease. 
C) the worldwide distribution of infectious disease. 
D) identifying,tracking the spread of,and preventing infectious disease. 
A) identifying new types of infectious disease. 
B) the prevention of infectious disease. 
C) the worldwide distribution of infectious disease. 
D) identifying,tracking the spread of,and preventing infectious disease.

Question 10

The "hygiene hypothesis" suggests that asthma is the result of minimal childhood exposure to chemicals that cause asthma attacks.According to this hypothesis,exposure to allergens in childhood strengthens the immune system's response to these relatively harmless molecules,making asthma cases uncommon.
-The hygiene hypothesis predicts that the lowest levels of asthma should occur in people living in

Accepted Answer

A) poor rural families in developing countries. 
B) wealthy families in developing countries. 
C) poor urban families in developed countries. 
D) wealthy families in developed countries. 
A) poor rural families in developing countries. 
B) wealthy families in developing countries. 
C) poor urban families in developed countries. 
D) wealthy families in developed countries.

Question 11

The WHO 2002 conclusion on the importance of risk assessment in modern medicine was most like the proverb,

Accepted Answer

A) "Actions speak louder than words." 
B) "There is safety in numbers." 
C) "An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure." 
D) "Do unto others as you would have them do unto you." 
A) "Actions speak louder than words." 
B) "There is safety in numbers." 
C) "An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure." 
D) "Do unto others as you would have them do unto you."

Question 12

Carcinogens' danger lies in their effect on

Accepted Answer

A) oxygen-carrying red blood cells. 
B) the ability of the lining of the lungs to absorb oxygen. 
C) DNA molecules inside cells. 
D) the ability to absorb nutrients in the wall of the intestines. 
A) oxygen-carrying red blood cells. 
B) the ability of the lining of the lungs to absorb oxygen. 
C) DNA molecules inside cells. 
D) the ability to absorb nutrients in the wall of the intestines.

Question 13

The most effective way that malaria can be reduced in a region is using

Accepted Answer

A) Salmonella control to treat infections and treatment strategies to prevent infections. 
B) vector control to prevent infections and treatment strategies for infections. 
C) antiviral medicines to reduce fevers and prevent disease transmission. 
D) better hygiene,improved sanitation practices,and uncontaminated sources of water. 
A) Salmonella control to treat infections and treatment strategies to prevent infections. 
B) vector control to prevent infections and treatment strategies for infections. 
C) antiviral medicines to reduce fevers and prevent disease transmission. 
D) better hygiene,improved sanitation practices,and uncontaminated sources of water.

Question 14

The public's perception of risk is largely shaped by

Accepted Answer

A) the media. 
B) reading scientific reports on environmental hazards. 
C) taking environmental science courses in high school or college. 
D) political affiliation. 
A) the media. 
B) reading scientific reports on environmental hazards. 
C) taking environmental science courses in high school or college. 
D) political affiliation.

Question 15

Risk assessment by the EPA currently follows four sequential steps.In order,these are

Accepted Answer

A) exposure determination,dose-response determination,hazard control,and risk identification. 
B) risk identification,hazard characterization,dose-response determination,and exposure control. 
C) hazard assessment,dose-response assessment,exposure assessment,and risk characterization. 
D) risk characterization,exposure assessment,dose-response assessment,and hazard assessment. 
A) exposure determination,dose-response determination,hazard control,and risk identification. 
B) risk identification,hazard characterization,dose-response determination,and exposure control. 
C) hazard assessment,dose-response assessment,exposure assessment,and risk characterization. 
D) risk characterization,exposure assessment,dose-response assessment,and hazard assessment.

Question 16

Studying environmental biology has got you thinking about what you do with your kitchen wastes,the discarded egg shells,orange and banana peels,coffee grounds,etc.Living at the edge of town,you have several options.Which of the following would be the least efficient (or slowest)way to allow natural decay of your kitchen wastes?

Accepted Answer

A) collecting your kitchen garbage in small plastic bags and disposing of it in a large city landfill 
B) collecting your kitchen garbage in paper bags and disposing of it in a large city landfill 
C) spreading your kitchen wastes on the top of a garden 
D) burying your kitchen wastes deep in your garden soil 
A) collecting your kitchen garbage in small plastic bags and disposing of it in a large city landfill 
B) collecting your kitchen garbage in paper bags and disposing of it in a large city landfill 
C) spreading your kitchen wastes on the top of a garden 
D) burying your kitchen wastes deep in your garden soil

Question 17

-This figure illustrates examples of environmental hazards related to

Accepted Answer

A) biology. 
B) culture. 
C) the physical environment. 
D) chemicals in the environment. 
A) biology. 
B) culture. 
C) the physical environment. 
D) chemicals in the environment.

Question 18

The new IRIS and NCEA programs of the EPA

Accepted Answer

A) work globally with U.N.agencies to detect pathogens in imported foods. 
B) write policy for the U.S.Congress to shape legislation on toxic chemicals 
C) publish and create databases on chemicals released into the environment that may pose health risks. 
D) have produced an index for the risk of suffering from asthma in U.S.cities. 
A) work globally with U.N.agencies to detect pathogens in imported foods. 
B) write policy for the U.S.Congress to shape legislation on toxic chemicals 
C) publish and create databases on chemicals released into the environment that may pose health risks. 
D) have produced an index for the risk of suffering from asthma in U.S.cities.

Question 19

Lyme disease is a serious bacterial infection of humans caused by the bite of infected deer ticks.Therefore,the vector of Lyme disease is

Accepted Answer

A) bacteria. 
B) ticks. 
C) deer. 
D) people. 
A) bacteria. 
B) ticks. 
C) deer. 
D) people.

Question 20

Which of the following industries would profit the most by providing financial support for a disaster risk reduction task force?

Accepted Answer

A) clothing industry 
B) automobile industry 
C) insurance industry 
D) entertainment industry 
A) clothing industry 
B) automobile industry 
C) insurance industry 
D) entertainment industry

Exam 17: Environmental Hazards and Human Health

The concern about human-to-human transmission of bird flu is most closely monitored by

The fact that life expectancy has increased significantly over the past 60 years in developing nations is primarily a result of the

In general,countries that enjoy the best health have

Because many places that people build homes are at high risk of a physical disaster,some people have suggested that town zoning boards identify such high risk environments as "stupid zones." Which one of the following would probably not be located in such a "stupid zone"?

Which of the following is a good example of a cultural hazard to public health?

Disproportionate concerns about the safety of public drinking water versus the greater dangers of cigarette smoking reflect problems of

Malaria,dengue fever,and yellow fever are most common in

Which of the following is a good example of a physical hazard to public health?

The Centers for Disease Control employs many people who study epidemiology.These people might be interested in

The WHO 2002 conclusion on the importance of risk assessment in modern medicine was most like the proverb,

Carcinogens' danger lies in their effect on

The most effective way that malaria can be reduced in a region is using

The public's perception of risk is largely shaped by

Risk assessment by the EPA currently follows four sequential steps.In order,these are

-This figure illustrates examples of environmental hazards related to

The new IRIS and NCEA programs of the EPA

Lyme disease is a serious bacterial infection of humans caused by the bite of infected deer ticks.Therefore,the vector of Lyme disease is

Which of the following industries would profit the most by providing financial support for a disaster risk reduction task force?

Science and the Environment

Economics, Politics, and Public Policy

Basic Needs of Living Things

Populations and Communities

Ecosystems: Energy, Patterns, and Disturbance

Wild Species and Biodiversity

The Use and Restoration of Ecosystems

The Human Population

Population and Development

Water: Hydrologic Cycle and Human Use

Soil: Foundation for Land Ecosystems

The Production and Distribution of Food

Pests and Pest Control

Energy From Fossil Fuels

Nuclear Power

Renewable Energy

Global Climate Change

Atmospheric Pollution

Water Pollution and Its Prevention

Municipal Solid Waste: Disposal and Recovery

Hazardous Chemicals: Pollution and Prevention

Sustainable Communities and Lifestyles

Filters