Question 1

A decrease in potential energy between reactants and products is typical for which of the following types of chemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  anabolic reactions 
B)  catabolic reactions 
C)  the formation of peptide bonds 
D)  reactions that happen without the aid of an enzyme 
A)  anabolic reactions 
B)  catabolic reactions 
C)  the formation of peptide bonds 
D)  reactions that happen without the aid of an enzyme

Question 2

In the chemical reaction CH₂O + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O,which of the following results occurs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carbon is reduced and hydrogen is oxidized. 
B)  Carbon is oxidized and oxygen is reduced. 
C)  Carbon and hydrogen are reduced. 
D)  Carbon and oxygen are oxidized. 
A)  Carbon is reduced and hydrogen is oxidized. 
B)  Carbon is oxidized and oxygen is reduced. 
C)  Carbon and hydrogen are reduced. 
D)  Carbon and oxygen are oxidized.

Question 3

Most enzymes are members of a special class of

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins. 
B)  nucleotides. 
C)  chemical bonds. 
D)  hormones. 
A)  proteins. 
B)  nucleotides. 
C)  chemical bonds. 
D)  hormones.

Question 4

Living systems must work to remain ordered; they pass off their disorder to the universe in the form of

Accepted Answer

A)  light. 
B)  sound. 
C)  metabolic heat. 
D)  water. 
A)  light. 
B)  sound. 
C)  metabolic heat. 
D)  water.

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the role of enzymes in chemical reactions is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  An enzyme can be used for many different kinds of chemical reactions. 
B)  An enzyme is permanently changed during a chemical reaction. 
C)  An enzyme has a special site where the products bind before the reaction begins. 
D)  An enzyme lowers the activation energy of a particular reaction. 
A)  An enzyme can be used for many different kinds of chemical reactions. 
B)  An enzyme is permanently changed during a chemical reaction. 
C)  An enzyme has a special site where the products bind before the reaction begins. 
D)  An enzyme lowers the activation energy of a particular reaction.

Question 6

In a study,researchers put human participants on a treadmill for 10 minutes and then drew blood samples.They found that blood levels of certain "exercise metabolites" increased after the participants exercised.When the researchers added these "exercise metabolites" to mouse muscle cells cultured in a lab dish,the cells increased the rate at which they were burning ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a study,researchers put human participants on...

Question 7

Photosynthetic organisms capture energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical bonds by forming

Accepted Answer

A)  sugars. 
B)  enzymes. 
C)  work. 
D)  heat. 
A)  sugars. 
B)  enzymes. 
C)  work. 
D)  heat.

Question 8

In accordance with the first law of thermodynamics,the energy in a gallon of gas consumed in a mileage test is equal to the

Accepted Answer

A)  amount of work performed (a calculation based on miles traveled and the weight of the vehicle). 
B)  amount of work performed plus the heat created from the friction of moving parts. 
C)  amount of work performed plus the heat from friction, plus the heat of the exhaust from the motor. 
D)  amount of work performed plus heat from friction, plus heat from the exhaust, plus the potential energy of combustion products in the exhaust. 
A)  amount of work performed (a calculation based on miles traveled and the weight of the vehicle). 
B)  amount of work performed plus the heat created from the friction of moving parts. 
C)  amount of work performed plus the heat from friction, plus the heat of the exhaust from the motor. 
D)  amount of work performed plus heat from friction, plus heat from the exhaust, plus the potential energy of combustion products in the exhaust.

Question 9

The heat given off by living systems can increase the likelihood that a given chemical reaction will take place.Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  The enzymes that catalyze reactions in living systems increasingly work better as the temperature decreases. 
B)  The heat lowers the internal cellular temperature, enabling reactions to proceed more quickly. 
C)  The heat enables photosynthesis to happen more rapidly. 
D)  The heat speeds molecular movement, increasing the likelihood of collisions between an enzyme and its substrate. 
A)  The enzymes that catalyze reactions in living systems increasingly work better as the temperature decreases. 
B)  The heat lowers the internal cellular temperature, enabling reactions to proceed more quickly. 
C)  The heat enables photosynthesis to happen more rapidly. 
D)  The heat speeds molecular movement, increasing the likelihood of collisions between an enzyme and its substrate.

Question 10

The compartmentalization inside the mitochondrion improves the efficiency of the ATP production pathway by concentrating the reacting molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

A spherical rock rests at the top of a steep hill.The rock has________ energy.

Accepted Answer

A)  potential 
B)  chemical 
C)  kinetic 
D)  no 
A)  potential 
B)  chemical 
C)  kinetic 
D)  no

Question 12

A catalyst is not changed during a chemical reaction,but it affects the ________ at which the reaction occurs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A catalyst is not changed during a...

Question 13

An enzyme and its substrate find each other by

Accepted Answer

A)  chance encounter. 
B)  magnetic attraction. 
C)  catalysis. 
D)  oxidative reactions. 
A)  chance encounter. 
B)  magnetic attraction. 
C)  catalysis. 
D)  oxidative reactions.

Question 14

The sequential reaction pathway A → B → C → D is dependent on enzymes for each separate step.If the pathway starts with A,how many different enzymes would be needed to produce D?

Accepted Answer

A)  just one, used over and over for each step 
B)  two: one for the conversion of A to B and one for the conversion of C to D 
C)  three 
D)  four 
A)  just one, used over and over for each step 
B)  two: one for the conversion of A to B and one for the conversion of C to D 
C)  three 
D)  four

Question 15

Which of the following strategies is NOT used by cells to help enzymes and substrates find each other?

Accepted Answer

A)  locating enzymes that are used in the same biochemical pathway close to each other in the cell 
B)  having certain reactions occur within a specific organelle 
C)  embedding enzymes in a membrane in a precise order 
D)  producing heat to increase the frequency of molecular collisions 
A)  locating enzymes that are used in the same biochemical pathway close to each other in the cell 
B)  having certain reactions occur within a specific organelle 
C)  embedding enzymes in a membrane in a precise order 
D)  producing heat to increase the frequency of molecular collisions

Question 16

Enzymes can make reactions happen that would otherwise be impossible.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Imagine a mousetrap with the spring arm set and latched,and with the level of potential energy high.This potential energy was added to the mousetrap

Accepted Answer

A)  when it was first constructed. 
B)  as kinetic energy when the arm was pulled back and latched. 
C)  when the latch was released and the arm sprang forward. 
D)  when the various materials used to construct the mousetrap were selected. 
A)  when it was first constructed. 
B)  as kinetic energy when the arm was pulled back and latched. 
C)  when the latch was released and the arm sprang forward. 
D)  when the various materials used to construct the mousetrap were selected.

Question 18

Sometimes enzymes need particular ions or small molecules to reach their highest activity; these ions or small molecules are called

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibitors. 
B)  cofactors. 
C)  activators. 
D)  polyfactorials. 
A)  inhibitors. 
B)  cofactors. 
C)  activators. 
D)  polyfactorials.

Question 19

The enzyme maltase splits the disaccharide maltose into two sugar monomers.Maltose is maltase's ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The enzyme maltase splits the disaccharide maltose...

Question 20

The reuse of the same carbon molecules by plants,animals,and their environments over time is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  activation energy. 
B)  a consumption tree. 
C)  carbon cycling. 
D)  the third law of thermodynamics. 
A)  activation energy. 
B)  a consumption tree. 
C)  carbon cycling. 
D)  the third law of thermodynamics.

Exam 5: Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

A decrease in potential energy between reactants and products is typical for which of the following types of chemical reactions?

In the chemical reaction CH₂O + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O,which of the following results occurs?

Most enzymes are members of a special class of

Living systems must work to remain ordered; they pass off their disorder to the universe in the form of

Which of the following statements about the role of enzymes in chemical reactions is true?

Photosynthetic organisms capture energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical bonds by forming

In accordance with the first law of thermodynamics,the energy in a gallon of gas consumed in a mileage test is equal to the

The heat given off by living systems can increase the likelihood that a given chemical reaction will take place.Why?

The compartmentalization inside the mitochondrion improves the efficiency of the ATP production pathway by concentrating the reacting molecules.

A spherical rock rests at the top of a steep hill.The rock has________ energy.

A catalyst is not changed during a chemical reaction,but it affects the ________ at which the reaction occurs.

An enzyme and its substrate find each other by

The sequential reaction pathway A → B → C → D is dependent on enzymes for each separate step.If the pathway starts with A,how many different enzymes would be needed to produce D?

Which of the following strategies is NOT used by cells to help enzymes and substrates find each other?

Enzymes can make reactions happen that would otherwise be impossible.

Imagine a mousetrap with the spring arm set and latched,and with the level of potential energy high.This potential energy was added to the mousetrap

Sometimes enzymes need particular ions or small molecules to reach their highest activity; these ions or small molecules are called

The enzyme maltase splits the disaccharide maltose into two sugar monomers.Maltose is maltase's ________.

The reuse of the same carbon molecules by plants,animals,and their environments over time is known as

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

The Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Photo Synthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Cancer and Human Health

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA and Genes

From Gene to Protein

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

The Origin of Species

The Evolution of Biodiversity

Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protista, Plantae, and Fungi

Animalia

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Animal Behavior

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems

Global Change

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