Exam 8: Social and Political Philosophy

Who is being quoted in this passage? "Benefits and burdens are distributed justly when society allows every individual the freedom to do what he chooses to do for himself or for others,the freedom to keep what he makes for himself or what others choose to give him,and the freedom to keep what he has or give it to whomever he chooses."

In his defense of civil disobedience,Martin Luther King,Jr.argued that

What philosopher wrote that life without government would be "solitary,poor,nasty,brutish,and short"?

Who held that justice consisted of each person doing the job appropriate to their class?

What philosopher argues that the just society is the one that distributes benefits and burdens in whatever way will produce the greatest social benefits or inflict the lowest social harms?

In opposition to social contract theory,David Hume argued

Who most explicitly stated the view that justice is what promotes the general welfare?

Who wrote of the "General Will"?

What,according to Hobbes,is the "chief end" of men uniting into a commonwealth?

Drawing from the Crito dialogue (discussed in Chapter 1)do you believe that you have any obligation to obey the state? Support your answer by reference to the theories of at least two of the following: Hobbes,Locke,and Rousseau.