Exam 24: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

A solution with more molecules in solutions than in blood plasma is called:

The nurse is aware that which of the following results when an increased concentration of hydrogen ions occurs within body fluids?

A client is taking medications that include digoxin,baby aspirin,K-Dur,and Lasix.The client complains of muscle cramps and facial tics.The nurse discovers the client has positive Chvostek's and Trousseau's signs,has hypotension,and is confused.If the client is exhibiting signs of hypomagnesemia,which of these findings would the nurse also expect the client to exhibit?

Which of these terms describes the movement of water through a semipermeable or selectively permeable membrane to equalize the concentration of salts or other solutes?

The nurse is aware that which of the following results when a decreased concentration of hydrogen ions occurs within body fluids?

The nurse is monitoring the intake and output of a client.The nurse is aware that the average adult loses how many milliliters of fluid daily?

The nurse who is caring for a client with a diagnosis of cirrhosis suspects fluid volume excess.The client is experiencing dyspnea,and a respiratory rate of 32,and crackles are heard on the auscultation of the lungs.If a fluid volume excess is present,what additional findings would the nurse expect to note in this client?

A client has an elevated total serum calcium level.Which of these health problems may have contributed to this disturbance?

Where is most magnesium found in the body?

Increased sodium intake,decreased sodium loss,or excessive water loss can lead to which of these disturbances?

The nurse is caring for a client with respiratory alkalosis.Arterial blood gas results indicate a pH of 7.58 and a PCO₂ of 28 mmHg.Which of the following additional laboratory values would the nurse would also expect to find?

The nurse knows that if a client is retaining too much hydrogen or losing too much bicarbonate,it can result in which of these conditions?

The nurse is caring for a client with a critically high potassium level.The client has received sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate).The nurse determines the medication's effectiveness if the client's repeat serum potassium level is:

The client with a history of hypertension is taking furosemide (Lasix).The nurse reviews the client's serum potassium levels and would report which of the following before administering the dose of furosemide?

What is the name of the process where pressure is exerted against the cell membrane by water inside the cell?

The client states his serum magnesium level is finally normal.The nurse identifies the client's normal value range as:

The movement of substances across cell membranes using chemical energy and carrier molecules is called:

The nurse is caring for a client experiencing metabolic alkalosis.Which of these conditions may cause this?

The process by which substances can pass through the cell membrane without energy expenditure on the part of the cell is called:

The physician requires more information on the client's acid-base balance.The nurse anticipates the physician ordering which lab test to measure acid-base balance?