Exam 5: Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

 The _____ is a group of three consecutive bases in a gene that codes for one amino acid in a protein.

 In the forebrain, myelination proceeds

 Critical periods have been observed for many developmental steps in brain development, from language acquisition to vision. Explain the processes that are believed to end a critical period.

 Which of the following processes does NOT experience a critical window?

 When either a mother's or father's version of a gene is expressed in a cell, but not both, we refer to the gene as

 An individual organism's observable characteristics are known as the genotype.

 Hox genes appear to be influential in developing the

 Genes that trigger cell death do so by

 Many people adopt children, and studies indicate that there are similarities among adoptive families. Some researchers are concerned that these similarities will enhance genetic differences among adopted children, and thus impact the results of adoption studies. What impact may be expected by adoptive family similarity and why would this affect studies that compare environmental and genetic influences?

 When the rostral part of the neural tube fails to close, what disorder typically results?

 ______ is programmed cell death.

 The neural tube of the developing embryo gives rise to the nervous system. There is a dorsal-ventral difference in differentiation of the neural tube. Explain which aspects of the nervous system arise from the dorsal and ventral portions.

 Rosa Hoekstra and her colleagues (2007, p. 372) reported that "individual differences in endorsement on autistic traits show substantial heritability (57%)." Define heritability, and discuss the proper use of the concept and the implications of Hoekstra et al.'s statement.

 Cystic fibrosis is a fatal lung condition that results from a recessive gene. If one parent is a healthy carrier for the condition while the other is not a carrier, what is the likely outcome for any children they might have?

 During migration, most neurons are guided to their ultimate location by special progenitor cells known as

 Which of the following is the best example of a genotype?

 Aging is associated with reduced rates of neurogenesis in the ________ in a wide range of mammalian species.

 Organization of the ventral neural tube into a motor system is primarily the result of

 In humans, myelination is not complete until

 When variations in a single base are responsible for the difference between two alleles, the resulting condition is known as