Question 1

The nurse is teaching nursing students about shock that occurs in children. What is one of the most frequent causes of hypovolemic shock in children?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sepsis 
B)  Blood loss 
C)  Anaphylaxis 
D)  Congenital heart disease 
A)  Sepsis 
B)  Blood loss 
C)  Anaphylaxis 
D)  Congenital heart disease

Question 2

Which should the nurse consider when preparing a school-age child and the family for heart surgery?

Accepted Answer

A)  Unfamiliar equipment should not be shown. 
B)  Let the child hear the sounds of an ECG monitor. 
C)  Avoid mentioning postoperative discomfort and interventions. 
D)  Explain that an endotracheal tube will not be needed if the surgery goes well. 
A)  Unfamiliar equipment should not be shown. 
B)  Let the child hear the sounds of an ECG monitor. 
C)  Avoid mentioning postoperative discomfort and interventions. 
D)  Explain that an endotracheal tube will not be needed if the surgery goes well.

Question 3

What does the surgical closure of the ductus arteriosus do?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stop the loss of unoxygenated blood to the systemic circulation 
B)  Decrease the edema in legs and feet 
C)  Increase the oxygenation of blood 
D)  Prevent the return of oxygenated blood to the lungs 
A)  Stop the loss of unoxygenated blood to the systemic circulation 
B)  Decrease the edema in legs and feet 
C)  Increase the oxygenation of blood 
D)  Prevent the return of oxygenated blood to the lungs

Question 4

A nurse is preparing to administer an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Which drug should the nurse administer?

Accepted Answer

A)  Captopril (Capoten) 
B)  Furosemide (Lasix) 
C)  Spironolactone (Aldactone) 
D)  Chlorothiazide (Diuril) 
A)  Captopril (Capoten) 
B)  Furosemide (Lasix) 
C)  Spironolactone (Aldactone) 
D)  Chlorothiazide (Diuril)

Question 5

The nurse is caring for a child with persistent hypoxia secondary to a cardiac defect. The nurse recognizes that a risk exists of cerebrovascular accidents (strokes). Which is an important objective to decrease this risk?

Accepted Answer

A)  Minimize seizures 
B)  Prevent dehydration 
C)  Promote cardiac output 
D)  Reduce energy expenditure 
A)  Minimize seizures 
B)  Prevent dehydration 
C)  Promote cardiac output 
D)  Reduce energy expenditure

Question 6

The nurse is preparing to administer a dose of digoxin (Lanoxin) to a child in heart failure (HF). Which is a beneficial effect of administering digoxin (Lanoxin)?

Accepted Answer

A)  It decreases edema. 
B)  It decreases cardiac output. 
C)  It increases heart size. 
D)  It increases venous pressure. 
A)  It decreases edema. 
B)  It decreases cardiac output. 
C)  It increases heart size. 
D)  It increases venous pressure.

Question 7

Which is a common, serious complication of rheumatic fever?

Accepted Answer

A)  Seizures 
B)  Cardiac arrhythmias 
C)  Pulmonary hypertension 
D)  Cardiac valve damage 
A)  Seizures 
B)  Cardiac arrhythmias 
C)  Pulmonary hypertension 
D)  Cardiac valve damage

Question 8

Parents of a 3-year-old child with congenital heart disease are afraid to let their child play with other children because of possible overexertion. The nurse's reply should be based on which statement?

Accepted Answer

A)  The child needs opportunities to play with peers. 
B)  The child needs to understand that peers' activities are too strenuous. 
C)  Parents can meet all of the child's needs. 
D)  Constant parental supervision is needed to avoid overexertion. 
A)  The child needs opportunities to play with peers. 
B)  The child needs to understand that peers' activities are too strenuous. 
C)  Parents can meet all of the child's needs. 
D)  Constant parental supervision is needed to avoid overexertion.

Question 9

Which is the highest acceptable mg/dl level of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol for a child from a family with heart disease? (Record your answer in a whole number.)

Accepted Answer

110
The low-density lipoproteins (LDLs)

Question 10

When caring for the child with Kawasaki disease, the nurse should know which information?

Accepted Answer

A)  A child's fever is usually responsive to antibiotics within 48 hours. 
B)  The principal area of involvement is the joints. 
C)  Aspirin is contraindicated. 
D)  Therapeutic management includes administration of gamma globulin and aspirin. 
A)  A child's fever is usually responsive to antibiotics within 48 hours. 
B)  The principal area of involvement is the joints. 
C)  Aspirin is contraindicated. 
D)  Therapeutic management includes administration of gamma globulin and aspirin.

Question 11

An 8-month-old infant has a hypercyanotic spell while blood is being drawn. What is the priority nursing action?

Accepted Answer

A)  Assess for neurologic defects 
B)  Place the child in the knee-chest position 
C)  Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation 
D)  Prepare family for imminent death 
A)  Assess for neurologic defects 
B)  Place the child in the knee-chest position 
C)  Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation 
D)  Prepare family for imminent death

Question 12

Which is the leading cause of death after heart transplantation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Infection 
B)  Rejection 
C)  Cardiomyopathy 
D)  Heart failure 
A)  Infection 
B)  Rejection 
C)  Cardiomyopathy 
D)  Heart failure

Question 13

Which is a clinical manifestation of the systemic venous congestion that can occur with heart failure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tachypnea 
B)  Tachycardia 
C)  Peripheral edema 
D)  Pale, cool extremities 
A)  Tachypnea 
B)  Tachycardia 
C)  Peripheral edema 
D)  Pale, cool extremities

Exam 23: The Child with Cardiovascular Dysfunction

The nurse is teaching nursing students about shock that occurs in children. What is one of the most frequent causes of hypovolemic shock in children?

Which should the nurse consider when preparing a school-age child and the family for heart surgery?

What does the surgical closure of the ductus arteriosus do?

A nurse is preparing to administer an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Which drug should the nurse administer?

The nurse is caring for a child with persistent hypoxia secondary to a cardiac defect. The nurse recognizes that a risk exists of cerebrovascular accidents (strokes). Which is an important objective to decrease this risk?

The nurse is preparing to administer a dose of digoxin (Lanoxin) to a child in heart failure (HF). Which is a beneficial effect of administering digoxin (Lanoxin)?

Which is a common, serious complication of rheumatic fever?

Parents of a 3-year-old child with congenital heart disease are afraid to let their child play with other children because of possible overexertion. The nurse's reply should be based on which statement?

Which is the highest acceptable mg/dl level of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol for a child from a family with heart disease? (Record your answer in a whole number.)

When caring for the child with Kawasaki disease, the nurse should know which information?

An 8-month-old infant has a hypercyanotic spell while blood is being drawn. What is the priority nursing action?

Which is the leading cause of death after heart transplantation?

Which is a clinical manifestation of the systemic venous congestion that can occur with heart failure?

Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing

Family, Social, Cultural, and Religious Influences on Child Health Promotion

Developmental and Genetic Influences on Child Health Promotion

Communication and Physical Assessment of the Child and Family

Pain Assessment and Management in Children

Childhood Communicable and Infectious Diseases

Health Promotion of the Newborn and Family

Health Problems of Newborns

Health Promotion of the Infant and Family

Health Problems of Infants

Health Promotion of the Toddler and Family

Health Promotion of the Preschooler and Family

Health Problems of Toddlers and Preschoolers

Health Promotion of the School-Age Child and Family

Health Promotion of the Adolescent and Family

Health Problems of School-Age Children and Adolescents

Quality of Life for Children Living with Chronic and Complex Diseases

Impact of Cognitive or Sensory Impairment on the Child and Family

Family-Centered Care of the Child During Illness and Hospitalization

Pediatric Variations of Nursing Interventions

The Child with Respiratory Dysfunction

The Child with Gastrointestinal Dysfunction

The Child with Hematologic or Immunologic Dysfunction

The Child with Cancer

The Child with Genitourinary Dysfunction

The Child with Cerebral Dysfunction

The Child with Endocrine Dysfunction

The Child with Musculoskeletal or Articular Dysfunction

The Child with Neuromuscular or Muscular Dysfunction

Filters