Exam 33: Meconium Aspiration Syndrome

A patient has meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) and a chemical pneumonitis as a result. What effect(s) can this have? 1) Decreased surfactant production 2) Increased bacterial growth 3) Edema of bronchial mucosa 4) Excessive bronchial secretions

A neonate with MAS has hypoxemia. Which of the following can be a pulmonary effect of this?

A common finding in a neonate with MAS is a respiratory rate that is:

If mechanical ventilation is needed to support a neonate with MAS, which of the following settings is especially important?

Risk factors for the development of MAS include: 1) being postterm. 2) a mother who is hypertensive. 3) a mother who is toxemic. 4) being the first twin born.

The major pathologic or structural changes associated with the physical presence of meconium in MAS include all of the following EXCEPT:

It is highly suspected that a newborn has aspirated meconium. What actions should be immediately undertaken? 1) Instill exogenous surfactant. 2) Suction out the meconium. 3) Begin mechanical ventilation. 4) Intubate the infant.

Infants who are older than 42 weeks' gestation are at greater risk for MAS because they have: 1) a full bowel. 2) strong peristalsis. 3) amniotic fluid in their stomach. 4) sphincter tone.

What is the consequence of meconium aspiration if there is a "ball-valve" effect in the small airways?

An infant with MAS will show what clinical manifestations associated with the more negative intrapleural pressures needed during inspiration? 1) Seesaw breathing movement 2) Breath sounds reveal rhonchi and crackles 3) Expiratory grunting 4) Cyanosis of the dependent thoracic areas

About how many neonatal patients with MAS will require mechanical ventilation?

What risk(s) is (are) there in positive-pressure ventilation before all meconium has been removed from the airways? 1) Forcing meconium into the lower airways 2) Pneumothorax 3) Triggering persistent pulmonary hypertension of the neonate (PPHN) 4) Triggering an asthma attack

A patient with MAS has had a chest radiograph taken. What findings can be expected?

Indications that a newborn has aspirated meconium include all of the following EXCEPT:

Hyperinflation is noted on the chest radiograph of a patient with MAS. What sudden development(s) must be watched for? 1) PPHN 2) Pneumothorax 3) Cardiomegaly 4) Pneumomediastinum

How may a fetus respond when he or she becomes hypoxemic?