Question 1

What is the upper time limit that a cold-water near-drowning victim can be submerged and survive?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 minutes 
B)  20 minutes 
C)  40 minutes 
D)  60 minutes 
A)  10 minutes 
B)  20 minutes 
C)  40 minutes 
D)  60 minutes D

Question 2

The effects of a near-drowning victim inhaling water into the lungs include:
1) alveolar consolidation.
2) bronchospasm.
3) production of frothy, white secretions.
4) pleural effusion.

Accepted Answer

A)  2, 3 
B)  1, 2, 3 
C)  2, 3, 4 
D)  1, 2, 3, 4 
A)  2, 3 
B)  1, 2, 3 
C)  2, 3, 4 
D)  1, 2, 3, 4 B

Question 3

A 10-year-old girl was rescued from a school swimming pool, where she was found unconscious, and transported to a nearby hospital, where her lungs were discovered to be dry. What could cause dry lungs in this near drowning?

Accepted Answer

A)  Her glottis spasmed and prevented pool water from entering her lungs. 
B)  Chlorinated pool water is quickly absorbed across the alveolar-capillary membrane. 
C)  Her young age and the cool pool water prevented serious pulmonary injury. 
D)  She swallowed the water. 
A)  Her glottis spasmed and prevented pool water from entering her lungs. 
B)  Chlorinated pool water is quickly absorbed across the alveolar-capillary membrane. 
C)  Her young age and the cool pool water prevented serious pulmonary injury. 
D)  She swallowed the water. A

Question 4

Warming techniques for a cold-water near-drowning victim include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  cooling the extremities and warming the body core. 
B)  warming the inspired oxygen. 
C)  heated intravenous solutions. 
D)  heated lavage of the pericardial space. 
A)  cooling the extremities and warming the body core. 
B)  warming the inspired oxygen. 
C)  heated intravenous solutions. 
D)  heated lavage of the pericardial space.

Question 5

The initial chest radiograph appearance of a near-drowning victim may include:
1) normal lung fields.
2) atelectasis.
3) pulmonary edema.
4) pencil point sign.

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 3 
B)  2, 4 
C)  1, 2, 3 
D)  1, 2, 3, 4 
A)  1, 3 
B)  2, 4 
C)  1, 2, 3 
D)  1, 2, 3, 4

Question 6

Favorable prognostic factors in clean water near-drowning include:
1) greater effort to reach the surface.
2) alcohol in the victim.
3) colder water.
4) younger age.

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2 
B)  3, 4 
C)  2, 3, 4 
D)  1, 2, 3, 4 
A)  1, 2 
B)  3, 4 
C)  2, 3, 4 
D)  1, 2, 3, 4

Question 7

A near-drowning victim in cardiac arrest has been placed in an ambulance. During transport, the goals of the paramedics should be to:
1) contact the victim's insurance carrier.
2) perform high-quality CPR.
3) conserve the victim's body heat.
4) administer FIO2 1.0.

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  2, 3 
C)  2, 3, 4 
D)  1, 2, 3, 4 
A)  2 
B)  2, 3 
C)  2, 3, 4 
D)  1, 2, 3, 4

Question 8

According to the World Health Organization, where does drowning rank worldwide as a cause of unintentional death?

Accepted Answer

A)  It's the leading cause of unintentional death. 
B)  It's the second leading cause of unintentional death. 
C)  It's the third leading cause of unintentional death. 
D)  It ranks twenty-third among the causes of unintentional death. 
A)  It's the leading cause of unintentional death. 
B)  It's the second leading cause of unintentional death. 
C)  It's the third leading cause of unintentional death. 
D)  It ranks twenty-third among the causes of unintentional death.

Question 9

Which of the following breath sounds would be expected during auscultation of a wet-drowning victim?
1) Bronchovesicular
2) Vesicular
3) Crackles
4) Friction rub

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  3 
C)  2, 4 
D)  1, 2, 3 
A)  1 
B)  3 
C)  2, 4 
D)  1, 2, 3

Question 10

After an extended time underwater, a near-drowning victim will most likely have:

Accepted Answer

A)  tachypnea. 
B)  a normal respiratory rate. 
C)  bradypnea. 
D)  apnea. 
A)  tachypnea. 
B)  a normal respiratory rate. 
C)  bradypnea. 
D)  apnea.

Question 11

Which of the following would be routinely ordered for the majority of wet-drowning victims?
1) Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)
2) Hemodialysis
3) Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
4) Mechanical ventilation

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 4 
B)  3, 4 
C)  1, 2, 4 
D)  1, 2, 3, 4 
A)  1, 4 
B)  3, 4 
C)  1, 2, 4 
D)  1, 2, 3, 4

Question 12

What water temperature has been shown to be a favorable prognostic factor in near drowning?

Accepted Answer

A)  Higher than 104° F 
B)  Between 98.6° F and 104° F 
C)  Between 70° F and 98° F 
D)  Between 27° F and 70° F 
A)  Higher than 104° F 
B)  Between 98.6° F and 104° F 
C)  Between 70° F and 98° F 
D)  Between 27° F and 70° F

Question 13

In the United States, what percentage of pediatric drowning victims are male?

Accepted Answer

A)  20% 
B)  40% 
C)  60% 
D)  80% 
A)  20% 
B)  40% 
C)  60% 
D)  80%

Question 14

In comparing the pathologic changes to the lungs caused by fresh water versus salt water, which of the following can be stated?

Accepted Answer

A)  Salt water causes more damage. 
B)  Fresh water causes more damage. 
C)  Both cause identical pathologic changes. 
D)  Cold water of either type causes more damage than warm water of either type. 
A)  Salt water causes more damage. 
B)  Fresh water causes more damage. 
C)  Both cause identical pathologic changes. 
D)  Cold water of either type causes more damage than warm water of either type.

Question 15

The pulmonary function findings for a wet drowning victim would reveal:

Accepted Answer

A)  increased IRV. 
B)  increased DLCO. 
C)  decreased VC. 
D)  increased TLC. 
A)  increased IRV. 
B)  increased DLCO. 
C)  decreased VC. 
D)  increased TLC.

Question 16

What are complications associated with a near drowning in unclean, swampy water?
1) Pneumonia
2) Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
3) Pulmonary fibrosis
4) Pulmonary hypertension

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  3, 4 
C)  1, 2 
D)  1, 2, 3 
A)  1 
B)  3, 4 
C)  1, 2 
D)  1, 2, 3

Question 17

Hospital management of near-drowning victims includes all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  measurement of arterial blood gas values. 
B)  rewarming if the patient is hypothermic. 
C)  measurement of venous blood gas values. 
D)  chest radiography. 
A)  measurement of arterial blood gas values. 
B)  rewarming if the patient is hypothermic. 
C)  measurement of venous blood gas values. 
D)  chest radiography.

Exam 42: Near Drowning/Wet Drowning

What is the upper time limit that a cold-water near-drowning victim can be submerged and survive?

The effects of a near-drowning victim inhaling water into the lungs include: 1) alveolar consolidation. 2) bronchospasm. 3) production of frothy, white secretions. 4) pleural effusion.

A 10-year-old girl was rescued from a school swimming pool, where she was found unconscious, and transported to a nearby hospital, where her lungs were discovered to be dry. What could cause dry lungs in this near drowning?

Warming techniques for a cold-water near-drowning victim include all of the following EXCEPT:

The initial chest radiograph appearance of a near-drowning victim may include: 1) normal lung fields. 2) atelectasis. 3) pulmonary edema. 4) pencil point sign.

Favorable prognostic factors in clean water near-drowning include: 1) greater effort to reach the surface. 2) alcohol in the victim. 3) colder water. 4) younger age.

A near-drowning victim in cardiac arrest has been placed in an ambulance. During transport, the goals of the paramedics should be to: 1) contact the victim's insurance carrier. 2) perform high-quality CPR. 3) conserve the victim's body heat. 4) administer FIO2 1.0.

According to the World Health Organization, where does drowning rank worldwide as a cause of unintentional death?

Which of the following breath sounds would be expected during auscultation of a wet-drowning victim? 1) Bronchovesicular 2) Vesicular 3) Crackles 4) Friction rub

After an extended time underwater, a near-drowning victim will most likely have:

Which of the following would be routinely ordered for the majority of wet-drowning victims? 1) Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) 2) Hemodialysis 3) Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) 4) Mechanical ventilation

What water temperature has been shown to be a favorable prognostic factor in near drowning?

In the United States, what percentage of pediatric drowning victims are male?

In comparing the pathologic changes to the lungs caused by fresh water versus salt water, which of the following can be stated?

The pulmonary function findings for a wet drowning victim would reveal:

What are complications associated with a near drowning in unclean, swampy water? 1) Pneumonia 2) Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) 3) Pulmonary fibrosis 4) Pulmonary hypertension

Hospital management of near-drowning victims includes all of the following EXCEPT:

The Patient Interview

The Physical Examination and Its Basis in Physiology

Pulmonary Function Study Assessments

Arterial Blood Gas Assessments

Oxygenation Assessments

Cardiovascular System Assessments

Radiologic Examination of the Chest

Other Important Tests and Procedures

The Therapist-Driven Protocol Program and the Role of the Respiratory Therapist

Respiratory Failure and the Mechanical Ventilation Protocol

Recording Skills: The Basis for Data Collection, Organization, Assessment Skill

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Chronic Bronchitis, and Emphysema

Asthma

Bronchiectasis

Cystic Fibrosis

Pneumonia

Lung Abscess

Tuberculosis

Fungal Diseases of the Lung

Pulmonary Edema

Pulmonary Vascular Disease: Pulmonary Embolism and Pulmonary Hypertension

Flail Chest

Pneumothorax

Pleural Effusion and Empyema

Kyphoscoliosis

Interstitial Lung Diseases

Cancer of the Lung

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Guillain-Barré Syndrome

Myasthenia Gravis

Sleep Apnea

Clinical Manifestations Common with Newborn and Early Childhood Respiratory Dis

Meconium Aspiration Syndrome

Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn

Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Pulmonary Air Leak Syndromes

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (Bronchiolitis or Pneumonitis)

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

Congenital Heart Diseases

Croup Syndrome: Laryngotracheobronchitis and Acute Epiglottitis

Smoke Inhalation, Thermal Injuries, and Carbon Monoxide Intoxication

Atelectasis

Filters

A near-drowning victim in cardiac arrest has been placed in an ambulance. During transport, the goals of the paramedics should be to: 1) contact the victim's insurance carrier. 2) perform high-quality CPR. 3) conserve the victim's body heat. 4) administer FIO₂1.0.