Exam 4: Ethical Guidelines for Psychology Research

RESEARCH STUDY 4.1 Dr. Kline is planning on conducting a study next semester. He is curious as to whether sleep deprivation is associated with poorer cognitive performance. For example, if you sleep poorly the night before a big exam, will you do worse? Dr. Kline is especially curious about selective sleep deprivation, where people are kept from entering R.E.M. (rapid eye movement) sleep. Using an electroencephalograph (EEG) to monitor brain waves, he plans to let participants sleep until they enter R.E.M. sleep and then he will wake them. After 1 minute of being awake, he plans to let them return to sleep. As they enter R.E.M. sleep again, he wakes them up again and follows the same procedure. He plans to do this through the entire 8-hour sleep session. The following morning, participants will be asked to take a sample SAT test. -Refer to Research Study 4.1 above to answer the following question. Dr.Kline is deciding whether he needs to give participants a reason for waking them up several times during the night.He knows that he cannot tell them the real reason,but he is unsure whether he should deceive them (give them a false reason why he is waking them up)or provide them with no cover story at all.Which of the following issues should be considered most heavily when deciding whether or not to use deception?

RESEARCH STUDY 4.1 Dr. Kline is planning on conducting a study next semester. He is curious as to whether sleep deprivation is associated with poorer cognitive performance. For example, if you sleep poorly the night before a big exam, will you do worse? Dr. Kline is especially curious about selective sleep deprivation, where people are kept from entering R.E.M. (rapid eye movement) sleep. Using an electroencephalograph (EEG) to monitor brain waves, he plans to let participants sleep until they enter R.E.M. sleep and then he will wake them. After 1 minute of being awake, he plans to let them return to sleep. As they enter R.E.M. sleep again, he wakes them up again and follows the same procedure. He plans to do this through the entire 8-hour sleep session. The following morning, participants will be asked to take a sample SAT test. -Refer to Research Study 4.1 above to answer the following question. Upon receiving IRB approval,Dr.Kline trusts his graduate student to conduct the study.However,his graduate student does not conduct the study and instead provides Dr.Kline with invented results that support his hypotheses.This is known as which of the following?

In addition to being an ethical violation,why are data falsification and fabrication problematic?

Which of the following ethical violations proposed by the Belmont Report was NOT committed in the Tuskegee Study?

The American Psychological Association's ethical guidelines have _________ principles and __________ standards.

RESEARCH STUDY 4.2 Dr. Van Ryan is a social psychologist who is curious about how clothing affects people's perceptions. Specifically, she is curious how women who wear high heels are perceived in the workplace. Does the addition of height make co-workers take them more seriously? Are women who wear high heels seen as less professional? She is considering using an experimental design where some participants are instructed to wear high heels to work for a week and some participants are instructed to wear flat shoes. Each day of the week, Dr. Van Ryan will have the women's employer and co-workers rate how competent and professional the female participant is. -Refer to Research Study 4.2 above to answer the following question. What is the Principle of Justice? Explain how the Principle of Justice needs to be addressed by Dr.Van Ryan as she considers conducting her study.

RESEARCH STUDY 4.2 Dr. Van Ryan is a social psychologist who is curious about how clothing affects people's perceptions. Specifically, she is curious how women who wear high heels are perceived in the workplace. Does the addition of height make co-workers take them more seriously? Are women who wear high heels seen as less professional? She is considering using an experimental design where some participants are instructed to wear high heels to work for a week and some participants are instructed to wear flat shoes. Each day of the week, Dr. Van Ryan will have the women's employer and co-workers rate how competent and professional the female participant is. -Refer to Research Study 4.2 above to answer the following question. After conducting his study,a colleague accuses Dr.Van Ryan of deleting some of the data that does not match her hypothesis.If this is true,in what type of research misconduct did Dr.Van Ryan engage? Why is this behavior a problem for the science in general?

RESEARCH STUDY 4.1 Dr. Kline is planning on conducting a study next semester. He is curious as to whether sleep deprivation is associated with poorer cognitive performance. For example, if you sleep poorly the night before a big exam, will you do worse? Dr. Kline is especially curious about selective sleep deprivation, where people are kept from entering R.E.M. (rapid eye movement) sleep. Using an electroencephalograph (EEG) to monitor brain waves, he plans to let participants sleep until they enter R.E.M. sleep and then he will wake them. After 1 minute of being awake, he plans to let them return to sleep. As they enter R.E.M. sleep again, he wakes them up again and follows the same procedure. He plans to do this through the entire 8-hour sleep session. The following morning, participants will be asked to take a sample SAT test. -Refer to Research Study 4.1 above to answer the following question. Dr.Kline plans to use deception in his study and is thinking about a debriefing session.Which of the following is true of the debriefing?

In addition to the three principles derived from the Belmont Report,which of the following two principles were added to the principle put forth by the American Psychological Association?

What is the primary responsibility of an Institutional Review Board (IRB),where are IRBs found,and who sits on such a board?