Exam 19: Endocrine Alterations

A patient presents to the emergency department with the following clinical signs: Pulse: 132 beats/min Blood pressure: 88/50 mm Hg Respiratory rate: 32 breaths/min Temperature: 104.8°F Chest x-ray: Findings consistent with congestive heart failure Cardiac rhythm: Atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response These signs are consistent with which disorder?

A patient is receiving hydrocortisone sodium succinate for adrenal crisis.What other medication does the nurse prepare to administer?

In hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome,the laboratory results are similar to those of diabetic ketoacidosis,with three major exceptions.What differences would you expect to see in patients with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome?

A patient with pancreatic cancer has been admitted to the critical care unit with clinical signs consistent with syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone.The nurse anticipates that clinical management of this condition will include

A patient with type 1 diabetes who is receiving a continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion via an insulin pump contacts the clinic to report mechanical failure of the infusion pump.The nurse instructs the patient to begin monitoring for signs of:

Which of the following patients is at the highest risk for hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome?

The nurse is caring for a patient with head trauma who was admitted to the surgical intensive care unit following a motorcycle crash.What is an important assessment that will assist the nurse in early identification of an endocrine disorder commonly associated with this condition?

Which of the following is a high-priority nursing diagnosis for both diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome?

A patient is admitted to the oncology unit with a small-cell lung carcinoma.During the admission,the patient is noted to have a significant decrease in urine output accompanied by shortness of breath,edema,and mental status changes.The nurse is aware that this clinical presentation is consistent with

The nurse is assigned to care for a patient who presented to the emergency department with diabetic ketoacidosis.A continuous insulin intravenous infusion is started,and hourly bedside glucose monitoring is ordered.The targeted blood glucose value after the first hour of therapy is

A college student was admitted to the emergency department after being found unconscious by a roommate.The roommate informs emergency medical personnel that the student has diabetes and has been experiencing flulike symptoms,including vomiting,since yesterday.The patient had been up all night studying for exams.The patient used the last diabetes testing supplies 3 days ago and has not had time to go to the pharmacy to refill prescription supplies.Based upon the history,which laboratory findings would be anticipated in this client?

A patient is admitted to the critical care unit with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis.Following aggressive fluid resuscitation and intravenous (IV)insulin administration,the blood glucose begins to normalize.In addition to glucose monitoring,which of the following electrolytes requires close monitoring?

Which of the following laboratory values would be more common in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis?

Which of the following would be seen in a patient with myxedema coma?

A patient presents to the emergency department with suspected thyroid storm.The nurse should be alert to which of the following cardiac rhythms while providing care to this patient?

Mechanisms for development of diabetes insipidus include which of the following?

The nurse is caring for a patient who suffered a head trauma following a fall.The patient's heart rate is 112 beats/min and blood pressure is 88/50 mm Hg.The patient has poor skin turgor and dry mucous membranes.The patient is confused and restless.The following laboratory values are reported: serum sodium is 115 mEq/L; blood urea nitrogen (BUN)50 mg/dL; and creatinine 1.8 mg/dL.The findings are consistent with which disorder?

Factors associated with the development of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus include which of the following?

The nurse has been assigned the following patients.Which patients require assessment of blood glucose control as a nursing priority?

Which of the following laboratory values would be found in a patient with syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone?