Exam 30: Vectorborne and Soilborne Bacterial and Viral Diseases

.Travelers should be vaccinated against yellow fever when traveling to Sub-Saharan Africa or South America.

The majority of cases of human plague in the United States occur in the northeastern states.

A PCR assay has been developed for the detection of the bacterium (Borrelia burgdorferi)that causes Lyme disease.Unfortunately this method cannot differentiate between an active disease and a treated or inactive disease.

The primary disease reservoir for plague is

The Black Plague has killed millions of humans over the course of history,yet we do not vaccinate against this disease.Why is this and how is the disease controlled in modern human populations?

A person is MOST likely to contract diseases such as Rocky Mountain spotted fever and ehrlichiosis if he or she visits/participates in

Anthrax is an emerging disease for which there is no treatment or vaccine available.

Which of the following diseases CANNOT easily be controlled by vector elimination?

During outdoor activities,it is not uncommon to be bitten by mosquitoes several times,so how does an individual know he/she has been infected with the West Nile virus? How would an infected individual be treated for the disease?

The causative agent of dengue fever is

Virtually ALL cases of tetanus occur in individuals who have failed to receive tetanus toxoid booster immunizations.

Deer flies (Chrysops spp.)are a major vector in the spread of typhus.

The study of hantaviruses requires biosafety level (BSL)4 precautions.

Which of the following was an emerging mosquito-borne disease in the early 2000s but has now decreased in frequency?

Which rickettsial disease can lead to endocarditis?

Wild animals are a natural reservoir for Clostridium tetani.

Both yellow and dengue fever can be prevented by vaccines.

A student travels to Brazil by boat on the Amazon River,without visiting the doctor prior to traveling for recommended vaccinations for travel to South America.The student becomes ill during the trip and is quarantined.Which of the diseases listed below does the student most likely have?

Certain Clostridium spp.can be found in the human gut,but Clostridium tetani is almost exclusively present in soil.

If Lyme disease is not treated early,it can infect the central nervous system.