Question 1

The causative agent of streptococcal pharyngitis,also known as "strep throat," is

Accepted Answer

A)  Streptococcus pyogenes. 
B)  Streptococcus pneumoniae. 
C)  Streptococcus mutans. 
D)  Streptococcus lactis. 
A)  Streptococcus pyogenes. 
B)  Streptococcus pneumoniae. 
C)  Streptococcus mutans. 
D)  Streptococcus lactis.

Question 2

Which of the following drugs,chemotherapeutic agents against HIV,inhibits reverse transcriptase?

Accepted Answer

A)  ampligen 
B)  azidothymidine 
C)  alpha interferon 
D)  soluble CD4 
A)  ampligen 
B)  azidothymidine 
C)  alpha interferon 
D)  soluble CD4

Question 3

Infectious hepatitis is caused by infection with hepatitis ________ virus.

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  E

Question 4

Which statement is TRUE about Streptococcus pneumoniae and the lung infection it causes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Streptococcus pneumoniae can spread from the focus of infection as a bacteremia. 
B)  Penicillin and erythromycin are the "last chance" drugs for treatment of streptococcal pneumonia. 
C)  Infection with any strain of encapsulated virulent Streptococcus pneumoniae provides long-lasting immunity to all encapsulated virulent strains. 
D)  Streptococcal pneumonia is not as serious as most people think; if left untreated, it usually runs its course in about a week to ten days. 
A)  Streptococcus pneumoniae can spread from the focus of infection as a bacteremia. 
B)  Penicillin and erythromycin are the "last chance" drugs for treatment of streptococcal pneumonia. 
C)  Infection with any strain of encapsulated virulent Streptococcus pneumoniae provides long-lasting immunity to all encapsulated virulent strains. 
D)  Streptococcal pneumonia is not as serious as most people think; if left untreated, it usually runs its course in about a week to ten days.

Question 5

Lymphogranuloma venereum is a sexually transmitted disease caused by distinct strains of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Chlamydia trachomatis 
B)  herpes simplex 2 virus (HSV-2) 
C)  Neisseria gonorrhoeae 
D)  Haemophilus ducreyi 
A)  Chlamydia trachomatis 
B)  herpes simplex 2 virus (HSV-2) 
C)  Neisseria gonorrhoeae 
D)  Haemophilus ducreyi

Question 6

Impetigo is due to an infection caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  Staphylococcus aureus but not Streptococcus pyogenes. 
B)  Streptococcus pyogenes but not Staphylococcus aureus. 
C)  either Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes. 
D)  neither Staphylococcus aureus nor Streptococcus pyogenes. 
A)  Staphylococcus aureus but not Streptococcus pyogenes. 
B)  Streptococcus pyogenes but not Staphylococcus aureus. 
C)  either Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes. 
D)  neither Staphylococcus aureus nor Streptococcus pyogenes.

Question 7

The organisms that cause pneumococcal pneumonia are rarely found as a part of the normal flora of healthy adults.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A frequent symptom of the common cold is

Accepted Answer

A)  nasal discharge. 
B)  fever. 
C)  headache. 
D)  diarrhea. 
A)  nasal discharge. 
B)  fever. 
C)  headache. 
D)  diarrhea.

Question 9

In the context of the influenza virus,describe the mechanistic difference between an antigenic drift and an antigenic shift.Also indicate the result of each.

Accepted Answer

Antigenic drift is a change in the influ

Question 10

Explain the tuberculin test,including visual identification and immunological interpretation of positive and negative results,and describe why a positive test does not indicate an active infection.

Accepted Answer

The tuberculin test is a test performed

Question 11

Explain the stages of syphilis.What are the characteristics of and treatments required at each stage?

Accepted Answer

The first stage of syphilis,called prima

Question 12

How is the syphilis spirochete initially transmitted?

Accepted Answer

A)  penetration of unbroken skin 
B)  through the eyes 
C)  from mother to child 
D)  through tiny breaks in the skin epithelial layer 
A)  penetration of unbroken skin 
B)  through the eyes 
C)  from mother to child 
D)  through tiny breaks in the skin epithelial layer

Question 13

Another name for pertussis is

Accepted Answer

A)  the kissing disease. 
B)  shingles. 
C)  whooping cough. 
D)  yellow fever. 
A)  the kissing disease. 
B)  shingles. 
C)  whooping cough. 
D)  yellow fever.

Question 14

Describe how the influenza vaccine is made in the United States.Explain the strain selection and vaccine production processes for the influenza vaccine.

Accepted Answer

Each year a new influenza vaccine is mad

Question 15

Which of the following is a cure for mumps?

Accepted Answer

A)  a vaccine 
B)  an antibiotic 
C)  host antibodies 
D)  an antiviral 
A)  a vaccine 
B)  an antibiotic 
C)  host antibodies 
D)  an antiviral

Question 16

Which of the following does NOT apply to bacterial pathogens affecting the respiratory tract?

Accepted Answer

A)  Humans are the only reservoir for most bacterial respiratory pathogens. 
B)  Most are normally transmitted person to person. 
C)  Some often initiate secondary infections that can be life threatening. 
D)  Most respiratory bacterial pathogens do not respond to antibiotic therapy. 
A)  Humans are the only reservoir for most bacterial respiratory pathogens. 
B)  Most are normally transmitted person to person. 
C)  Some often initiate secondary infections that can be life threatening. 
D)  Most respiratory bacterial pathogens do not respond to antibiotic therapy.

Question 17

Consider mumps.What is the causative agent? How is this disease spread? What happens in the body during the course of this disease? What type of immunity is conferred or used for this disease? Why is the prevalence of mumps in developed countries generally low?

Accepted Answer

Mumps are caused by a paramyxovirus.The

Question 18

Resident staphylococci in the ________ seldom cause disease.

Accepted Answer

A)  eyes 
B)  upper respiratory tract 
C)  lungs 
D)  kidneys 
A)  eyes 
B)  upper respiratory tract 
C)  lungs 
D)  kidneys

Question 19

Describe the pathogenesis of HIV to explain how the number of CD4 lymphocytes decline in an ongoing HIV infection.

Accepted Answer

HIV commonly infects macrophages first,t

Question 20

Patients infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in environments where drug resistance is expected or has already been identified usually have to take antibacterial drugs for six months to ensure the infectious agent is completely killed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 29: Person-To-Person Bacterial and Viral Diseases

The causative agent of streptococcal pharyngitis,also known as "strep throat," is

Which of the following drugs,chemotherapeutic agents against HIV,inhibits reverse transcriptase?

Infectious hepatitis is caused by infection with hepatitis ________ virus.

Which statement is TRUE about Streptococcus pneumoniae and the lung infection it causes?

Lymphogranuloma venereum is a sexually transmitted disease caused by distinct strains of ________.

Impetigo is due to an infection caused by

The organisms that cause pneumococcal pneumonia are rarely found as a part of the normal flora of healthy adults.

A frequent symptom of the common cold is

In the context of the influenza virus,describe the mechanistic difference between an antigenic drift and an antigenic shift.Also indicate the result of each.

Explain the tuberculin test,including visual identification and immunological interpretation of positive and negative results,and describe why a positive test does not indicate an active infection.

Explain the stages of syphilis.What are the characteristics of and treatments required at each stage?

How is the syphilis spirochete initially transmitted?

Another name for pertussis is

Describe how the influenza vaccine is made in the United States.Explain the strain selection and vaccine production processes for the influenza vaccine.

Which of the following is a cure for mumps?

Which of the following does NOT apply to bacterial pathogens affecting the respiratory tract?

Consider mumps.What is the causative agent? How is this disease spread? What happens in the body during the course of this disease? What type of immunity is conferred or used for this disease? Why is the prevalence of mumps in developed countries generally low?

Resident staphylococci in the ________ seldom cause disease.

Describe the pathogenesis of HIV to explain how the number of CD4 lymphocytes decline in an ongoing HIV infection.

Patients infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in environments where drug resistance is expected or has already been identified usually have to take antibacterial drugs for six months to ensure the infectious agent is completely killed.

Microorganisms and Microbiology

Microbial Cell Structure and Function

Microbial Metabolism

Molecular Biology

Microbial Growth and Control

Microbial Genomics

Metabolic Regulation

Viruses and Virology

Viral Genomes and Diversity

Genetics of Bacteria and Archaea

Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Microbial Evolution and Systematics

Metabolic Diversity of Microorganisms

Functional Diversity of Bacteria

Diversity of Bacteria

Diversity of Archaea

Diversity of Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Methods in Microbial Ecology

Microbial Ecosystems

Nutrient Cycles

Microbiology of the Built Environment

Microbial Symbioses

Microbial Interactions With Humans

Immunity and Host Defense

Immune Mechanisms

Molecular Immunology

Diagnostic Microbiology

Epidemiology

Vectorborne and Soilborne Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Water and Food As Vehicles of Bacterial Diseases

Eukaryotic Pathogens: Fungal and Parasitic Diseases

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