Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a subunit of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)?

Accepted Answer

A)  O-specific polysaccharide 
B)  lipid A 
C)  core polysaccharide 
D)  M protein 
A)  O-specific polysaccharide 
B)  lipid A 
C)  core polysaccharide 
D)  M protein

Question 2

Which of the following is a category of exotoxin?

Accepted Answer

A)  cytolytic toxin 
B)  lipophilic toxin 
C)  α-toxin 
D)  β-toxin 
A)  cytolytic toxin 
B)  lipophilic toxin 
C)  α-toxin 
D)  β-toxin

Question 3

Influenza virus targets

Accepted Answer

A)  respiratory epithelium. 
B)  gastrointestinal cells. 
C)  oral cavity cells. 
D)  throat epithelium. 
A)  respiratory epithelium. 
B)  gastrointestinal cells. 
C)  oral cavity cells. 
D)  throat epithelium.

Question 4

Which of the following is a major growth-limiting micronutrient that influences microbial growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  iron 
B)  transferrin 
C)  lactoferrin 
D)  sugar 
A)  iron 
B)  transferrin 
C)  lactoferrin 
D)  sugar

Question 5

Which of the following environmental and host factors influence the composition of resident microflora on the skin?

Accepted Answer

A)  age 
B)  personal hygiene 
C)  weather 
D)  age, personal hygiene, and weather 
A)  age 
B)  personal hygiene 
C)  weather 
D)  age, personal hygiene, and weather

Question 6

Which of the following pathogens does NOT require capsules or a slime layer for attachment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vibrio cholera 
B)  Streptococcus pneumonia 
C)  Bacillus anthracis 
D)  All of these pathogens require capsules or slime layers for attachment. 
A)  Vibrio cholera 
B)  Streptococcus pneumonia 
C)  Bacillus anthracis 
D)  All of these pathogens require capsules or slime layers for attachment.

Question 7

Normal flora ________ colonization of pathogenic organisms.

Accepted Answer

A)  promote 
B)  prevent 
C)  maintain 
D)  accelerate 
A)  promote 
B)  prevent 
C)  maintain 
D)  accelerate

Question 8

Protists are NOT normally found in the gastrointestinal tract of healthy individuals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Siderophores from some pathogens remove iron from the host protein(s)

Accepted Answer

A)  lactoferrin. 
B)  transferrin. 
C)  both lactoferrin and transferrin. 
D)  cytochromes. 
A)  lactoferrin. 
B)  transferrin. 
C)  both lactoferrin and transferrin. 
D)  cytochromes.

Question 10

When does an infection become a disease?

Accepted Answer

An infection becomes a disease

Question 11

Diphtheria toxin inactivates elongation factor 2 by catalyzing the attachment of adenosine diphosphate ribose from NAD⁺.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The condition that results when some organisms are shed in the bloodstream and distributed to distant parts of the body during bacterial growth in tissues is called

Accepted Answer

A)  septicemia. 
B)  bacteremia. 
C)  uremia. 
D)  erythemia. 
A)  septicemia. 
B)  bacteremia. 
C)  uremia. 
D)  erythemia.

Question 13

Which of the following is an important factor in the development of dental caries?

Accepted Answer

A)  high salt diet 
B)  high sugar diet 
C)  high acid diet 
D)  low salt diet 
A)  high salt diet 
B)  high sugar diet 
C)  high acid diet 
D)  low salt diet

Question 14

Decalcification of the tooth enamel due to the production of high concentrations of organic acids in the mouth is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  degenerative plaque. 
B)  dental caries. 
C)  dental plaque. 
D)  microbial enamel decalcification. 
A)  degenerative plaque. 
B)  dental caries. 
C)  dental plaque. 
D)  microbial enamel decalcification.

Question 15

Normal flora in the duodenum are

Accepted Answer

A)  similar to the microflora in the stomach. 
B)  dominated by aerobic organisms. 
C)  tolerant to alkaline environments. 
D)  tolerant to high salinity. 
A)  similar to the microflora in the stomach. 
B)  dominated by aerobic organisms. 
C)  tolerant to alkaline environments. 
D)  tolerant to high salinity.

Question 16

The upper respiratory tract usually has a considerable amount of resident microflora in a healthy adult.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Streptocoocus pyogens utilizes M protein and ________ to form microfibrils that facilitate attachment to host cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  lipoteichoic acid 
B)  mucus 
C)  plaque 
D)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  lipoteichoic acid 
B)  mucus 
C)  plaque 
D)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 18

What is the difference between pathogenic and non-pathogenic E.coli in relation to the human host?

Accepted Answer

Most nonpathogenic E.coli strains are fo

Question 19

Cytolytic toxins

Accepted Answer

A)  are extracellular proteins. 
B)  cause cell lysis and death. 
C)  damage host cytoplasmic membrane. 
D)  are extracellular proteins that cause cell lysis and death by damaging the host cytoplasmic membrane. 
A)  are extracellular proteins. 
B)  cause cell lysis and death. 
C)  damage host cytoplasmic membrane. 
D)  are extracellular proteins that cause cell lysis and death by damaging the host cytoplasmic membrane.

Question 20

A(n)________ is a damage or injury to a host organism that impairs its function.

Accepted Answer

A)  trauma 
B)  infection 
C)  disease 
D)  transmission 
A)  trauma 
B)  infection 
C)  disease 
D)  transmission

Exam 23: Microbial Interactions With Humans

Which of the following is NOT a subunit of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)?

Which of the following is a category of exotoxin?

Influenza virus targets

Which of the following is a major growth-limiting micronutrient that influences microbial growth?

Which of the following environmental and host factors influence the composition of resident microflora on the skin?

Which of the following pathogens does NOT require capsules or a slime layer for attachment?

Normal flora ________ colonization of pathogenic organisms.

Protists are NOT normally found in the gastrointestinal tract of healthy individuals.

Siderophores from some pathogens remove iron from the host protein(s)

When does an infection become a disease?

Diphtheria toxin inactivates elongation factor 2 by catalyzing the attachment of adenosine diphosphate ribose from NAD⁺.

The condition that results when some organisms are shed in the bloodstream and distributed to distant parts of the body during bacterial growth in tissues is called

Which of the following is an important factor in the development of dental caries?

Decalcification of the tooth enamel due to the production of high concentrations of organic acids in the mouth is known as

Normal flora in the duodenum are

The upper respiratory tract usually has a considerable amount of resident microflora in a healthy adult.

Streptocoocus pyogens utilizes M protein and ________ to form microfibrils that facilitate attachment to host cells.

What is the difference between pathogenic and non-pathogenic E.coli in relation to the human host?

Cytolytic toxins

A(n)________ is a damage or injury to a host organism that impairs its function.

Microorganisms and Microbiology

Microbial Cell Structure and Function

Microbial Metabolism

Molecular Biology

Microbial Growth and Control

Microbial Genomics

Metabolic Regulation

Viruses and Virology

Viral Genomes and Diversity

Genetics of Bacteria and Archaea

Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Microbial Evolution and Systematics

Metabolic Diversity of Microorganisms

Functional Diversity of Bacteria

Diversity of Bacteria

Diversity of Archaea

Diversity of Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Methods in Microbial Ecology

Microbial Ecosystems

Nutrient Cycles

Microbiology of the Built Environment

Microbial Symbioses

Immunity and Host Defense

Immune Mechanisms

Molecular Immunology

Diagnostic Microbiology

Epidemiology

Person-To-Person Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Vectorborne and Soilborne Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Water and Food As Vehicles of Bacterial Diseases

Eukaryotic Pathogens: Fungal and Parasitic Diseases

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