Question 1

The organic molecule responsible for creating colloidal osmotic pressure is

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose. 
B)  an electrolyte. 
C)  protein. 
D)  sodium. 
A)  glucose. 
B)  an electrolyte. 
C)  protein. 
D)  sodium. C

Question 2

Water formed from metabolism comes from

Accepted Answer

A)  what is contained in foods. 
B)  moving from compartment to compartment. 
C)  what is absorbed from gastrointestinal secretions. 
D)  oxidation of nutrients in the cells. 
A)  what is contained in foods. 
B)  moving from compartment to compartment. 
C)  what is absorbed from gastrointestinal secretions. 
D)  oxidation of nutrients in the cells. D

Question 3

The approximate volume of digestive secretions produced by the stomach each day is _____ mL.

Accepted Answer

A)  1000 
B)  1500 
C)  2000 
D)  2500 
A)  1000 
B)  1500 
C)  2000 
D)  2500 D

Question 4

The hormone responsible for promoting conservation of sodium in the kidney is

Accepted Answer

A)  aldosterone. 
B)  antidiuretic hormone. 
C)  angiotensin. 
D)  renin. 
A)  aldosterone. 
B)  antidiuretic hormone. 
C)  angiotensin. 
D)  renin.

Question 5

An example of a cation is

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium. 
B)  phosphate. 
C)  carbonate. 
D)  sulfate. 
A)  sodium. 
B)  phosphate. 
C)  carbonate. 
D)  sulfate.

Question 6

Thirst tends to be an unreliable index of fluid needs in

Accepted Answer

A)  infants. 
B)  pregnant women. 
C)  breast-feeding women. 
D)  older adults. 
A)  infants. 
B)  pregnant women. 
C)  breast-feeding women. 
D)  older adults.

Question 7

The term extracellular fluid includes

Accepted Answer

A)  plasma and tissue secretions. 
B)  plasma and fluid inside cells. 
C)  fluid surrounding cells and in beverages. 
D)  fluid surrounding cells and fluid inside cells. 
A)  plasma and tissue secretions. 
B)  plasma and fluid inside cells. 
C)  fluid surrounding cells and in beverages. 
D)  fluid surrounding cells and fluid inside cells.

Question 8

Mr.Jones consumes approximately 1500 mL/day from fluid contained in liquids and foods and from metabolism of foods.What percent of his fluid requirement does he meet if he requires 2400 mL/day?

Accepted Answer

A)  41% 
B)  51% 
C)  62% 
D)  84% 
A)  41% 
B)  51% 
C)  62% 
D)  84%

Question 9

Treatment for diarrhea in children is to

Accepted Answer

A)  withhold oral intake and immediately begin intravenous fluids until diarrhea stops. 
B)  sponge with an electrolyte solution of sodium, potassium, and sugar. 
C)  give an age-appropriate diet along with oral fluids that contain sodium, potassium, sugar, and sodium bicarbonate. 
D)  administer the BRAT (bananas, rice, applesauce, and tea) diet. 
A)  withhold oral intake and immediately begin intravenous fluids until diarrhea stops. 
B)  sponge with an electrolyte solution of sodium, potassium, and sugar. 
C)  give an age-appropriate diet along with oral fluids that contain sodium, potassium, sugar, and sodium bicarbonate. 
D)  administer the BRAT (bananas, rice, applesauce, and tea) diet.

Question 10

An acid has a pH

Accepted Answer

A)  greater than 7.0. 
B)  lower than 7.0. 
C)  greater than 5.0. 
D)  lower than 5.0. 
A)  greater than 7.0. 
B)  lower than 7.0. 
C)  greater than 5.0. 
D)  lower than 5.0.

Question 11

Cations primarily responsible for controlling body water distribution are

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium and chloride. 
B)  calcium and phosphorus. 
C)  sodium and potassium. 
D)  sodium and bicarbonate. 
A)  sodium and chloride. 
B)  calcium and phosphorus. 
C)  sodium and potassium. 
D)  sodium and bicarbonate.

Question 12

An example of an electrolyte is

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose. 
B)  iron. 
C)  potassium. 
D)  carbon dioxide. 
A)  glucose. 
B)  iron. 
C)  potassium. 
D)  carbon dioxide.

Question 13

Plasma proteins and electrolytes are examples of solutes

Accepted Answer

A)  filtered from the plasma by the kidneys. 
B)  found in body fluids that influence movement of water. 
C)  released into the plasma by the liver. 
D)  recycled by the mucosa during digestion. 
A)  filtered from the plasma by the kidneys. 
B)  found in body fluids that influence movement of water. 
C)  released into the plasma by the liver. 
D)  recycled by the mucosa during digestion.

Question 14

An example of a substance that can pass through a capillary membrane is

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose. 
B)  hemoglobin. 
C)  plasma proteins. 
D)  antibodies. 
A)  glucose. 
B)  hemoglobin. 
C)  plasma proteins. 
D)  antibodies.

Question 15

Oral rehydration therapy is preferred over intravenous therapy for fluid replacement caused by diarrhea because it

Accepted Answer

A)  is quicker. 
B)  tastes better. 
C)  is more readily available. 
D)  provides electrolytes as well as fluid. 
A)  is quicker. 
B)  tastes better. 
C)  is more readily available. 
D)  provides electrolytes as well as fluid.

Question 16

Water retention would be the result of the hormone

Accepted Answer

A)  ADH. 
B)  estrogen. 
C)  progesterone. 
D)  insulin. 
A)  ADH. 
B)  estrogen. 
C)  progesterone. 
D)  insulin.

Question 17

The hormone that conserves body water is

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamin D hormone. 
B)  antidiuretic hormone. 
C)  aldosterone. 
D)  parathyroid hormone. 
A)  vitamin D hormone. 
B)  antidiuretic hormone. 
C)  aldosterone. 
D)  parathyroid hormone.

Question 18

The electrolyte present in the most abundance in gastric digestive fluids is

Accepted Answer

A)  chloride. 
B)  potassium. 
C)  sodium. 
D)  bicarbonate. 
A)  chloride. 
B)  potassium. 
C)  sodium. 
D)  bicarbonate.

Question 19

The kidneys must excrete water in the urine because

Accepted Answer

A)  the body needs to get rid of the ingested water. 
B)  water provides the vehicle for excretion of waste products. 
C)  they physiologically cannot retain all the water. 
D)  hormones ensure that a maximal amount of water is retained by the body. 
A)  the body needs to get rid of the ingested water. 
B)  water provides the vehicle for excretion of waste products. 
C)  they physiologically cannot retain all the water. 
D)  hormones ensure that a maximal amount of water is retained by the body.

Question 20

A patient who is experiencing severe diarrhea and vomiting would have

Accepted Answer

A)  increased body water requirements. 
B)  decreased body water requirements. 
C)  no change in body water requirements. 
D)  an immediate need for intravenous fluid. 
A)  increased body water requirements. 
B)  decreased body water requirements. 
C)  no change in body water requirements. 
D)  an immediate need for intravenous fluid.

Exam 9: Water Balance

The organic molecule responsible for creating colloidal osmotic pressure is

Water formed from metabolism comes from

The approximate volume of digestive secretions produced by the stomach each day is _____ mL.

The hormone responsible for promoting conservation of sodium in the kidney is

An example of a cation is

Thirst tends to be an unreliable index of fluid needs in

The term extracellular fluid includes

Mr.Jones consumes approximately 1500 mL/day from fluid contained in liquids and foods and from metabolism of foods.What percent of his fluid requirement does he meet if he requires 2400 mL/day?

Treatment for diarrhea in children is to

An acid has a pH

Cations primarily responsible for controlling body water distribution are

An example of an electrolyte is

Plasma proteins and electrolytes are examples of solutes

An example of a substance that can pass through a capillary membrane is

Oral rehydration therapy is preferred over intravenous therapy for fluid replacement caused by diarrhea because it

Water retention would be the result of the hormone

The hormone that conserves body water is

The electrolyte present in the most abundance in gastric digestive fluids is

The kidneys must excrete water in the urine because

A patient who is experiencing severe diarrhea and vomiting would have

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