Exam 19: Otorhinolaryngologic Surgery

Both ears provide stereophonic hearing that gives us very specific hearing capabilities.Binaural hearing makes it possible for:

The supraglottis,glottis,and the subglottis represent three portions of which structure of the throat?

During endoscopic sinus surgery,patient eye protection includes:

Laryngoscopy is direct visual examination of the interior of the larynx by means of a rigid,lighted speculum known as a laryngoscope to obtain a specimen of tissue or secretions for pathologic examination.What risk reduction strategy should the perioperative nurse employ in preparing for the conclusion of the procedure?

An experienced perioperative nurse is orienting a new perioperative nurse to otolaryngologic surgery.The experienced nurse and the new nurse are the scrub persons and are preparing the sterile back table with instruments,accessory devices,and the medications used for the local anesthetics.They also set up a prep table with the initial local anesthetics to be given before the start of the procedure.The experienced nurse is determined to impart the critical nature of patient safety and prevention of medication errors during these procedures.The back table contains multiple medications that will be used for local anesthesia,vasoconstriction,and hemostasis.As a perioperative registered nurse (RN)scrub person,it is necessary that both the experienced and new nurse:

The external ear canal lining is protected and lubricated with cerumen (earwax),which traps foreign material and:

Of the three salivary glands,which one is the largest?

The nasal turbinates increase the turbulence of the airflow through the nose to humidify the air.The turbinates also serve another function to the accessory sinuses by:

The nasal cavity is associated with the ear by way of the ____________,and communicates with the conjunctiva through the __________________.Select the options that are appropriate to complete the sentence.

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP)is performed primarily to relieve obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)and snoring.Select two common indications for UPPP surgery.

The perioperative nurse and his orientee have returned from an airway fire simulation exercise with the otorhinolaryngologic surgeon,fellow,and anesthesia provider.They were amazed at the statistics for OR fires and the threat of serious injury to the patient and team.Patients undergoing otorhinolaryngologic procedures are at greater risk for fire injury because of the proximity of the surgical field to high concentrations of oxygen.The team discussed a plan to change their practices.An example of a valid fire prevention strategy that involves the entire surgical team during otorhinolaryngologic surgery would be:

Select the structure of the trachea that is a landmark during bronchoscopy.

Acoustic neuromas arise from the Schwann cells of the vestibular portion of the eighth cranial nerve and are benign tumors.What is the postauricular incisional approach that offers the best chance of saving the integrity of the facial nerve?

A chain of three small articulated bones extends across the middle ear cavity and conducts vibrations from the tympanic membrane across the middle ear into the oval window and the fluid-filled inner ear.What are the names of those three small articulating bones?

Which mouth structure is considered the boundary between the buccal cavity and the lingual cavity?

A stapedotomy is removal of the stapes superstructure and creation of a fenestra (opening)in the fixed stapes footplate for treatment of abnormal bone growth around the footplate that results in its immobility.A prosthesis is placed to restore ossicular continuity and alleviate conductive hearing loss.The patient scheduled for a stapedotomy will probably have a surgical diagnosis of:

FESS provides a more physiologic type of drainage by reducing trauma to normal tissues.FESS involves the endoscopic resection of inflammatory and anatomic defects of the sinuses.Select the appropriate indications for FESS.

Audible facial nerve monitors (nerve integrity monitor systems)are used intraoperatively during procedures in which the facial nerve is at risk for injury.The purpose of this monitoring technique is to assist in the early identification of the nerve,to increase the possibility of its preservation by minimizing trauma,and to assess its integrity after dissection.Communication with the anesthesia provider is essential because:

The cricoid cartilage is a complete cartilaginous ring that resembles a signet ring; it rests beneath the thyroid cartilage and supports the airway.What membrane,attached to the midline of the upper thyroid cartilage,protects the larynx during swallowing?

Partial laryngectomy is removal of a portion of the larynx.It is done to remove superficial neoplasms that are confined to one vocal cord or to remove a tumor extending into the ventricle or the anterior commissure or a short distance below the cord.The perioperative nurse,in preparing the patient for surgery and postprocedure expectations,can describe the postoperative voice as: