Question 1

Chronic use of which drug has been linked to bronchitis, emphysema, cancer, stroke, and heart attack?

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohol 
B)  tobacco 
C)  cocaine 
D)  marijuana 
E)  morphine 
A)  alcohol 
B)  tobacco 
C)  cocaine 
D)  marijuana 
E)  morphine

Question 2

Taking one drug can often produce tolerance to other drugs; such tolerance is called

Accepted Answer

A)  generalized tolerance. 
B)  cross tolerance. 
C)  contingent tolerance. 
D)  functional tolerance. 
E)  transferred tolerance. 
A)  generalized tolerance. 
B)  cross tolerance. 
C)  contingent tolerance. 
D)  functional tolerance. 
E)  transferred tolerance.

Question 3

The Harrison Narcotics Act, which was passed in the U.S.in 1914, unintentionally encouraged the use of

Accepted Answer

A)  Aspirin. 
B)  Street's Infant Quietness. 
C)  cocaine. 
D)  opium. 
E)  heroin. 
A)  Aspirin. 
B)  Street's Infant Quietness. 
C)  cocaine. 
D)  opium. 
E)  heroin.

Question 4

These drugs are widely used in the treatment of pain, cough, and diarrhea:

Accepted Answer

A)  anxiolytics. 
B)  stimulants. 
C)  opiates. 
D)  depressants. 
E)  antidepressants. 
A)  anxiolytics. 
B)  stimulants. 
C)  opiates. 
D)  depressants. 
E)  antidepressants.

Question 5

Many early studies of intracranial self-stimulation focused on the stimulation of the

Accepted Answer

A)  lateral hypothalamus or septum. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  amygdala. 
D)  hippocampus. 
E)  striatum or substantia nigra. 
A)  lateral hypothalamus or septum. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  amygdala. 
D)  hippocampus. 
E)  striatum or substantia nigra.

Question 6

Recent research suggests that dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens may be related more to the __________ of reward than to the experience of the reward.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Recent research suggests that dopamine release in...

Question 7

As drug addiction develops, the control of drug taking seems to spread from the ventral to the dorsal __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of As drug addiction develops, the control of...

Question 8

Modern physical-dependence theories of drug addiction attempt to account for the fact that addicts frequently relapse after lengthy drug-free periods by postulating

Accepted Answer

A)  that withdrawal effects cannot be conditioned. 
B)  that conditioned withdrawal effects are the basis of drug craving. 
C)  contingent tolerance. 
D)  brain damage. 
E)  withdrawal convulsions. 
A)  that withdrawal effects cannot be conditioned. 
B)  that conditioned withdrawal effects are the basis of drug craving. 
C)  contingent tolerance. 
D)  brain damage. 
E)  withdrawal convulsions.

Question 9

-The animal model that best approximates human drug addiction is the

Accepted Answer

A)  conditioned tolerance model. 
B)  contingent tolerance model. 
C)  drug self-administration paradigm. 
D)  drug withdrawal syndrome 
E)  conditioned place preference paradigm. 
A)  conditioned tolerance model. 
B)  contingent tolerance model. 
C)  drug self-administration paradigm. 
D)  drug withdrawal syndrome 
E)  conditioned place preference paradigm.

Question 10

Some animals will not begin a session of lever pressing for rewarding brain stimulation unless they are given a few free stimulations.This is called

Accepted Answer

A)  extinction. 
B)  priming. 
C)  conditioning. 
D)  generalizing. 
E)  the helping-hand phenomenon. 
A)  extinction. 
B)  priming. 
C)  conditioning. 
D)  generalizing. 
E)  the helping-hand phenomenon.

Question 11

Describe the physical-dependence and positive-incentive perspectives of addiction.What is the current status of the "debate" between these two perspectives.How well does each account for relapse?.

Accepted Answer

25% for describing the physical dependen

Question 12

Which drug is currently an alternative to methadone as a treatment for heroin addiction?

Accepted Answer

A)  buprenorphine 
B)  laudanum 
C)  codeine 
D)  anandamide 
E)  disulfiram 
A)  buprenorphine 
B)  laudanum 
C)  codeine 
D)  anandamide 
E)  disulfiram

Question 13

Psychoactive drugs are those that affect

Accepted Answer

A)  the activity of the central nervous system. 
B)  subjective experience. 
C)  behavior. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  psychotic behavior. 
A)  the activity of the central nervous system. 
B)  subjective experience. 
C)  behavior. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  psychotic behavior.

Question 14

Dr.William Stewart Halsted, a brilliant surgeon and one of the founders of Johns Hopkins Medical School, is considered by many to be the father of modern surgery.Surprisingly, he was addicted to __________ throughout most of his brilliant career.

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohol 
B)  cocaine 
C)  heroin 
D)  morphine 
E)  nicotine 
A)  alcohol 
B)  cocaine 
C)  heroin 
D)  morphine 
E)  nicotine

Question 15

The before-and-after design is used to study __________ drug tolerance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The before-and-after design is used to study...

Question 16

Drug tolerance is a shift in the dose-response curve

Accepted Answer

A)  upward. 
B)  to the right. 
C)  to the left. 
D)  both A and B 
E)  both A and C 
A)  upward. 
B)  to the right. 
C)  to the left. 
D)  both A and B 
E)  both A and C

Question 17

The lack of strong support for early physical-dependence theories of addiction lent indirect support to the notion that the primary factors in drug addiction are

Accepted Answer

A)  withdrawal effects. 
B)  tolerance effects. 
C)  conditioned withdrawal effects. 
D)  conditioned compensatory responses. 
E)  the drug's positive-incentive properties. 
A)  withdrawal effects. 
B)  tolerance effects. 
C)  conditioned withdrawal effects. 
D)  conditioned compensatory responses. 
E)  the drug's positive-incentive properties.

Question 18

Many addicts manage to stop taking the drug to which they are addicted, sometimes for several months, but they usually __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Many addicts manage to stop taking the...

Question 19

According to Ramsay and Woods, the unconditional stimulus in drug conditioning experiments is

Accepted Answer

A)  the drug. 
B)  what the experimenter measures. 
C)  the disruption of neural functioning that is directly produced by the drug. 
D)  the compensatory reactions to the conditional stimulus. 
E)  the test environment. 
A)  the drug. 
B)  what the experimenter measures. 
C)  the disruption of neural functioning that is directly produced by the drug. 
D)  the compensatory reactions to the conditional stimulus. 
E)  the test environment.

Question 20

The branch of the mesotelencephalic dopamine system that projects from the ventral tegmental area is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  mesocorticolimbic pathway. 
B)  tegmental-striate pathway. 
C)  medial forebrain bundle. 
D)  fornix. 
E)  nigrostriatal pathway. 
A)  mesocorticolimbic pathway. 
B)  tegmental-striate pathway. 
C)  medial forebrain bundle. 
D)  fornix. 
E)  nigrostriatal pathway.

Chronic use of which drug has been linked to bronchitis, emphysema, cancer, stroke, and heart attack?

Taking one drug can often produce tolerance to other drugs; such tolerance is called

The Harrison Narcotics Act, which was passed in the U.S.in 1914, unintentionally encouraged the use of

These drugs are widely used in the treatment of pain, cough, and diarrhea:

Many early studies of intracranial self-stimulation focused on the stimulation of the

Recent research suggests that dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens may be related more to the __________ of reward than to the experience of the reward.

As drug addiction develops, the control of drug taking seems to spread from the ventral to the dorsal __________.

Modern physical-dependence theories of drug addiction attempt to account for the fact that addicts frequently relapse after lengthy drug-free periods by postulating

-The animal model that best approximates human drug addiction is the

Some animals will not begin a session of lever pressing for rewarding brain stimulation unless they are given a few free stimulations.This is called

Describe the physical-dependence and positive-incentive perspectives of addiction.What is the current status of the "debate" between these two perspectives.How well does each account for relapse?.

Which drug is currently an alternative to methadone as a treatment for heroin addiction?

Psychoactive drugs are those that affect

Dr.William Stewart Halsted, a brilliant surgeon and one of the founders of Johns Hopkins Medical School, is considered by many to be the father of modern surgery.Surprisingly, he was addicted to __________ throughout most of his brilliant career.

The before-and-after design is used to study __________ drug tolerance.

Drug tolerance is a shift in the dose-response curve

The lack of strong support for early physical-dependence theories of addiction lent indirect support to the notion that the primary factors in drug addiction are

Many addicts manage to stop taking the drug to which they are addicted, sometimes for several months, but they usually __________.

According to Ramsay and Woods, the unconditional stimulus in drug conditioning experiments is

The branch of the mesotelencephalic dopamine system that projects from the ventral tegmental area is called the

Biopsychology As a Neuroscience

Evolution, Genetics, and Experience

The Anatomy of the Nervous System

Neural Conduction and Synaptic Transmission

The Research Methods of Biopsychology

The Visual System

Mechanisms of Perception

The Sensorimotor System

Development of the Nervous System

Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity

Learning, Memory, and Amnesia

Hunger, Eating, and Health

Hormones and Sex

Sleep, Dreaming, and Circadian Rhythms

Lateralization, Language, and the Split Brain

Biopsychology of Emotion, Stress, and Health

Biopsychology of Psychiatric Disorders

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Exam 15: Drug Addiction and the Brains Reward Circuits

Chronic use of which drug has been linked to bronchitis, emphysema, cancer, stroke, and heart attack?

Taking one drug can often produce tolerance to other drugs; such tolerance is called

The Harrison Narcotics Act, which was passed in the U.S.in 1914, unintentionally encouraged the use of

These drugs are widely used in the treatment of pain, cough, and diarrhea:

Many early studies of intracranial self-stimulation focused on the stimulation of the

Recent research suggests that dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens may be related more to the __________ of reward than to the experience of the reward.

As drug addiction develops, the control of drug taking seems to spread from the ventral to the dorsal __________.

Modern physical-dependence theories of drug addiction attempt to account for the fact that addicts frequently relapse after lengthy drug-free periods by postulating

-The animal model that best approximates human drug addiction is the

Some animals will not begin a session of lever pressing for rewarding brain stimulation unless they are given a few free stimulations.This is called

Describe the physical-dependence and positive-incentive perspectives of addiction.What is the current status of the "debate" between these two perspectives.How well does each account for relapse?.

Which drug is currently an alternative to methadone as a treatment for heroin addiction?

Psychoactive drugs are those that affect

Dr.William Stewart Halsted, a brilliant surgeon and one of the founders of Johns Hopkins Medical School, is considered by many to be the father of modern surgery.Surprisingly, he was addicted to __________ throughout most of his brilliant career.

The before-and-after design is used to study __________ drug tolerance.

Drug tolerance is a shift in the dose-response curve

The lack of strong support for early physical-dependence theories of addiction lent indirect support to the notion that the primary factors in drug addiction are

Many addicts manage to stop taking the drug to which they are addicted, sometimes for several months, but they usually __________.

According to Ramsay and Woods, the unconditional stimulus in drug conditioning experiments is

The branch of the mesotelencephalic dopamine system that projects from the ventral tegmental area is called the

Biopsychology As a Neuroscience

Evolution, Genetics, and Experience

The Anatomy of the Nervous System

Neural Conduction and Synaptic Transmission

The Research Methods of Biopsychology

The Visual System

Mechanisms of Perception

The Sensorimotor System

Development of the Nervous System

Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity

Learning, Memory, and Amnesia

Hunger, Eating, and Health

Hormones and Sex

Sleep, Dreaming, and Circadian Rhythms

Lateralization, Language, and the Split Brain

Biopsychology of Emotion, Stress, and Health

Biopsychology of Psychiatric Disorders

Filters