Question 1

-Illustrated here is

Accepted Answer

A)  an axon hillock. 
B)  a synapse. 
C)  a gap junction. 
D)  a dendritic spine. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  an axon hillock. 
B)  a synapse. 
C)  a gap junction. 
D)  a dendritic spine. 
E)  none of the above

Question 2

In comparison to metabotropic receptors, ionotropic receptors produce effects that

Accepted Answer

A)  are less diffuse. 
B)  develop more rapidly. 
C)  are more enduring. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and B 
A)  are less diffuse. 
B)  develop more rapidly. 
C)  are more enduring. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and B

Question 3

Ionotropic receptors are linked to

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosomes. 
B)  neurotransmitters. 
C)  ligand-activated ion channels. 
D)  vesicles. 
E)  G proteins. 
A)  ribosomes. 
B)  neurotransmitters. 
C)  ligand-activated ion channels. 
D)  vesicles. 
E)  G proteins.

Question 4

Which of the following is a passive process that acts to distribute ions evenly in neural tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)  random motion, which tends to move ions down their concentration gradients 
B)  electrostatic pressure, which forces ions down their electrostatic gradients 
C)  sodium-potassium pumps, which distribute Na+ and K+ ions equally 
D)  both A and B 
E)  both A and C 
A)  random motion, which tends to move ions down their concentration gradients 
B)  electrostatic pressure, which forces ions down their electrostatic gradients 
C)  sodium-potassium pumps, which distribute Na+ and K+ ions equally 
D)  both A and B 
E)  both A and C

Question 5

Neuropeptides are transported from the cell body to the buttons at a speed of about

Accepted Answer

A)  100 meters per minute. 
B)  40 centimeters per day. 
C)  60 meters per second. 
D)  40 meters per hour. 
E)  20 meters per second. 
A)  100 meters per minute. 
B)  40 centimeters per day. 
C)  60 meters per second. 
D)  40 meters per hour. 
E)  20 meters per second.

Question 6

Which of the following is currently thought to be a valid general principle of synaptic transmission?

Accepted Answer

A)  Each neuron releases only one neurotransmitter. 
B)  Each neurotransmitter acts on only one receptor subtype. 
C)  All receptors are in postsynaptic membranes. 
D)  All neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  Each neuron releases only one neurotransmitter. 
B)  Each neurotransmitter acts on only one receptor subtype. 
C)  All receptors are in postsynaptic membranes. 
D)  All neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft. 
E)  none of the above

Question 7

After release, most neurotransmitters are deactivated by

Accepted Answer

A)  reuptake. 
B)  synaptic enzymes. 
C)  the postsynaptic receptors. 
D)  deactivating enzymes. 
E)  ribosomes. 
A)  reuptake. 
B)  synaptic enzymes. 
C)  the postsynaptic receptors. 
D)  deactivating enzymes. 
E)  ribosomes.

Question 8

The receptors of the neuromuscular junction are

Accepted Answer

A)  cholinergic. 
B)  nicotinic. 
C)  muscarinic. 
D)  both A and B 
E)  both A and C 
A)  cholinergic. 
B)  nicotinic. 
C)  muscarinic. 
D)  both A and B 
E)  both A and C

Question 9

Which of the following are membrane potentials?

Accepted Answer

A)  EPSPs 
B)  IPSPs 
C)  APs 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and B 
A)  EPSPs 
B)  IPSPs 
C)  APs 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and B

Question 10

Glial cells have been shown to

Accepted Answer

A)  release chemical transmitters. 
B)  contain receptors for neurotransmitters. 
C)  conduct signals. 
D)  participate in neurotransmitter reuptake. 
E)  all of the above 
A)  release chemical transmitters. 
B)  contain receptors for neurotransmitters. 
C)  conduct signals. 
D)  participate in neurotransmitter reuptake. 
E)  all of the above

Question 11

Active transmission is to passive transmission as

Accepted Answer

A)  IPSPs are to APs. 
B)  EPSPs are to IPSPs. 
C)  APs are to EPSPs. 
D)  EPSPs are to APs. 
E)  excitation is to inhibition. 
A)  IPSPs are to APs. 
B)  EPSPs are to IPSPs. 
C)  APs are to EPSPs. 
D)  EPSPs are to APs. 
E)  excitation is to inhibition.

Question 12

Action potentials begin by the

Accepted Answer

A)  opening of voltage-activated sodium channels. 
B)  closing of ligand-activated chloride channels. 
C)  closing of ligand-activated potassium channels. 
D)  opening of ligand-activated potassium channels. 
E)  closing of voltage-activated calcium channels. 
A)  opening of voltage-activated sodium channels. 
B)  closing of ligand-activated chloride channels. 
C)  closing of ligand-activated potassium channels. 
D)  opening of ligand-activated potassium channels. 
E)  closing of voltage-activated calcium channels.

Question 13

The conduction of an action potential along any axon is mediated by the action of

Accepted Answer

A)  nodes of Ranvier. 
B)  voltage-activated ion channels. 
C)  ligand-activated ion channels. 
D)  myelin. 
E)  EPSPs. 
A)  nodes of Ranvier. 
B)  voltage-activated ion channels. 
C)  ligand-activated ion channels. 
D)  myelin. 
E)  EPSPs.

Question 14

Use the accompanying figure to summarize how signals are conducted through and from a conventional multipolar neuron.To complement you summary, indicate on the illustration where various events occur.

Accepted Answer

50% for correctly labeling at

Question 15

There is only one neurotransmitter that is known to be deactivated in the synaptic cleft by enzymatic action; this neurotransmitter is

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine. 
B)  acetylcholine. 
C)  acetylcholinesterase. 
D)  norepinephrine. 
E)  glutamate. 
A)  dopamine. 
B)  acetylcholine. 
C)  acetylcholinesterase. 
D)  norepinephrine. 
E)  glutamate.

Question 16

APs are said to be all-or-none: This means that all APs

Accepted Answer

A)  are the same. 
B)  in a particular neuron are the same. 
C)  travel at the same speed. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and C 
A)  are the same. 
B)  in a particular neuron are the same. 
C)  travel at the same speed. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and C

Question 17

Which neurotransmitters are often released from string-of-beads axons?

Accepted Answer

A)  monoamines 
B)  amino acids 
C)  glutamate and GABA 
D)  soluble gases 
E)  peptides 
A)  monoamines 
B)  amino acids 
C)  glutamate and GABA 
D)  soluble gases 
E)  peptides

Question 18

Serotonin is synthesized from

Accepted Answer

A)  tyrosine. 
B)  L-DOPA. 
C)  tryptophan. 
D)  norepinephrine. 
E)  epinephrine. 
A)  tyrosine. 
B)  L-DOPA. 
C)  tryptophan. 
D)  norepinephrine. 
E)  epinephrine.

Question 19

Atropine is

Accepted Answer

A)  an extract of opium. 
B)  a cholinergic agonist. 
C)  a muscarinic antagonist. 
D)  a pupil constrictor. 
E)  a catecholamine. 
A)  an extract of opium. 
B)  a cholinergic agonist. 
C)  a muscarinic antagonist. 
D)  a pupil constrictor. 
E)  a catecholamine.

Question 20

A change in the resting potential of a dendrite from -70 mV to -72 mV is called

Accepted Answer

A)  an IPSP. 
B)  an EPSP. 
C)  a depolarization. 
D)  both A and C 
E)  both B and C 
A)  an IPSP. 
B)  an EPSP. 
C)  a depolarization. 
D)  both A and C 
E)  both B and C

-Illustrated here is

In comparison to metabotropic receptors, ionotropic receptors produce effects that

Ionotropic receptors are linked to

Which of the following is a passive process that acts to distribute ions evenly in neural tissue?

Neuropeptides are transported from the cell body to the buttons at a speed of about

Which of the following is currently thought to be a valid general principle of synaptic transmission?

After release, most neurotransmitters are deactivated by

The receptors of the neuromuscular junction are

Which of the following are membrane potentials?

Glial cells have been shown to

Active transmission is to passive transmission as

Action potentials begin by the

The conduction of an action potential along any axon is mediated by the action of

Use the accompanying figure to summarize how signals are conducted through and from a conventional multipolar neuron.To complement you summary, indicate on the illustration where various events occur.

There is only one neurotransmitter that is known to be deactivated in the synaptic cleft by enzymatic action; this neurotransmitter is

APs are said to be all-or-none: This means that all APs

Which neurotransmitters are often released from string-of-beads axons?

Serotonin is synthesized from

Atropine is

A change in the resting potential of a dendrite from -70 mV to -72 mV is called

Biopsychology As a Neuroscience

Evolution, Genetics, and Experience

The Anatomy of the Nervous System

The Research Methods of Biopsychology

The Visual System

Mechanisms of Perception

The Sensorimotor System

Development of the Nervous System

Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity

Learning, Memory, and Amnesia

Hunger, Eating, and Health

Hormones and Sex

Sleep, Dreaming, and Circadian Rhythms

Drug Addiction and the Brains Reward Circuits

Lateralization, Language, and the Split Brain

Biopsychology of Emotion, Stress, and Health

Biopsychology of Psychiatric Disorders

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Exam 4: Neural Conduction and Synaptic Transmission

-Illustrated here is

In comparison to metabotropic receptors, ionotropic receptors produce effects that

Ionotropic receptors are linked to

Which of the following is a passive process that acts to distribute ions evenly in neural tissue?

Neuropeptides are transported from the cell body to the buttons at a speed of about

Which of the following is currently thought to be a valid general principle of synaptic transmission?

After release, most neurotransmitters are deactivated by

The receptors of the neuromuscular junction are

Which of the following are membrane potentials?

Glial cells have been shown to

Active transmission is to passive transmission as

Action potentials begin by the

The conduction of an action potential along any axon is mediated by the action of

Use the accompanying figure to summarize how signals are conducted through and from a conventional multipolar neuron.To complement you summary, indicate on the illustration where various events occur.

There is only one neurotransmitter that is known to be deactivated in the synaptic cleft by enzymatic action; this neurotransmitter is

APs are said to be all-or-none: This means that all APs

Which neurotransmitters are often released from string-of-beads axons?

Serotonin is synthesized from

Atropine is

A change in the resting potential of a dendrite from -70 mV to -72 mV is called

Biopsychology As a Neuroscience

Evolution, Genetics, and Experience

The Anatomy of the Nervous System

The Research Methods of Biopsychology

The Visual System

Mechanisms of Perception

The Sensorimotor System

Development of the Nervous System

Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity

Learning, Memory, and Amnesia

Hunger, Eating, and Health

Hormones and Sex

Sleep, Dreaming, and Circadian Rhythms

Drug Addiction and the Brains Reward Circuits

Lateralization, Language, and the Split Brain

Biopsychology of Emotion, Stress, and Health

Biopsychology of Psychiatric Disorders

Filters