Question 1

Anything that prevents ATP formation will most likely

Accepted Answer

A) result in cell death. 
B) force the cell to rely on lipids for energy. 
C) force the cell to rely on ADP for energy. 
D) have no effect on the cell. 
A) result in cell death. 
B) force the cell to rely on lipids for energy. 
C) force the cell to rely on ADP for energy. 
D) have no effect on the cell.

Question 2

In the lab, you use a special balloon that is permeable to water but not sucrose to make an "artificial cell." The balloon is filled with a solution of 20% sucrose and 80% water and is immersed in a beaker containing a solution of 40% sucrose and 60% water. Which of the following will occur?

Accepted Answer

A) Water will leave the balloon. 
B) Water will enter the balloon. 
C) Sucrose will leave the balloon. 
D) Sucrose will enter the balloon. 
A) Water will leave the balloon. 
B) Water will enter the balloon. 
C) Sucrose will leave the balloon. 
D) Sucrose will enter the balloon.

Question 3

Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires ________ and moves a substance ________ its concentration gradient.

Accepted Answer

A) energy and transport proteins; down 
B) transport proteins; down 
C) energy and transport proteins; against 
D) transport proteins; against 
A) energy and transport proteins; down 
B) transport proteins; down 
C) energy and transport proteins; against 
D) transport proteins; against

Question 4

According to ________, energy cannot be created or destroyed.

Accepted Answer

A) Aristotle's first principle 
B) the first law of thermodynamics 
C) the second law of thermodynamics 
D) the third law of thermodynamics 
A) Aristotle's first principle 
B) the first law of thermodynamics 
C) the second law of thermodynamics 
D) the third law of thermodynamics

Question 5

Oxygen crosses a plasma membrane by

Accepted Answer

A) osmosis. 
B) active transport. 
C) pinocytosis. 
D) passive transport. 
A) osmosis. 
B) active transport. 
C) pinocytosis. 
D) passive transport.

Question 6

The transfer of a phosphate group to a molecule or compound is called

Accepted Answer

A) carboxylation. 
B) ionization. 
C) phosphorylation. 
D) hydrogenation. 
A) carboxylation. 
B) ionization. 
C) phosphorylation. 
D) hydrogenation.

Question 7

Which of the following processes is classified as a metabolic pathway?

Accepted Answer

A) protein synthesis 
B) osmosis 
C) cell lysis 
D) passive diffusion 
A) protein synthesis 
B) osmosis 
C) cell lysis 
D) passive diffusion

Question 8

Which characteristic promoted the utilization of lipids as the first cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) spontaneous degradation of the intracellular environment 
B) self-assembly into a simple membrane 
C) ability to form an impermeable membrane 
D) formation of a semi-solid membrane 
A) spontaneous degradation of the intracellular environment 
B) self-assembly into a simple membrane 
C) ability to form an impermeable membrane 
D) formation of a semi-solid membrane

Question 9

When a cell uses chemical energy to perform work, it uses the energy released from a(n)________ reaction to drive a(n)________ reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) exergonic; endergonic 
B) endergonic; exergonic 
C) exergonic; spontaneous 
D) spontaneous; exergonic 
A) exergonic; endergonic 
B) endergonic; exergonic 
C) exergonic; spontaneous 
D) spontaneous; exergonic

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true for all types of passive transport?

Accepted Answer

A) Proteins are needed to transport molecules across the membrane. 
B) The concentration gradient is the driving force. 
C) Only small polar molecules are able to cross the plasma membrane. 
D) Ions never cross the plasma membrane by passive transport. 
A) Proteins are needed to transport molecules across the membrane. 
B) The concentration gradient is the driving force. 
C) Only small polar molecules are able to cross the plasma membrane. 
D) Ions never cross the plasma membrane by passive transport.

Question 11

Living systems

Accepted Answer

A) violate the first law of thermodynamics. 
B) violate the second law of thermodynamics. 
C) decrease their entropy while increasing the entropy of the universe. 
D) are examples of a closed system. 
A) violate the first law of thermodynamics. 
B) violate the second law of thermodynamics. 
C) decrease their entropy while increasing the entropy of the universe. 
D) are examples of a closed system.

Question 12

Which of the following statements regarding membrane function is false?

Accepted Answer

A) The plasma membrane forms a selective barrier around the cell. 
B) The plasma membrane plays a role in transferring signals to the cell's interior. 
C) The plasma membrane has receptors for chemical messages. 
D) The plasma membrane is the control center of the cell. 
A) The plasma membrane forms a selective barrier around the cell. 
B) The plasma membrane plays a role in transferring signals to the cell's interior. 
C) The plasma membrane has receptors for chemical messages. 
D) The plasma membrane is the control center of the cell.

Question 13

The energy required to initiate an exergonic reaction is called

Accepted Answer

A) exergonic energy. 
B) endergonic energy. 
C) input energy. 
D) activation energy. 
A) exergonic energy. 
B) endergonic energy. 
C) input energy. 
D) activation energy.

Question 14

Aquaporins

Accepted Answer

A) allow water to cross the plasma membrane via facilitated diffusion. 
B) allow water to cross the plasma membrane against its concentration gradient. 
C) allow for the active transport of water. 
D) are found in all cells. 
A) allow water to cross the plasma membrane via facilitated diffusion. 
B) allow water to cross the plasma membrane against its concentration gradient. 
C) allow for the active transport of water. 
D) are found in all cells.

Question 15

Some protozoans have special organelles called contractile vacuoles that continually eliminate excess water from the cell. The presence of these organelles tells you that the environment

Accepted Answer

A) is isotonic to the protozoan. 
B) is hypotonic to the protozoan. 
C) contains a higher concentration of solutes than the protozoan. 
D) is hypertonic to the protozoan. 
A) is isotonic to the protozoan. 
B) is hypotonic to the protozoan. 
C) contains a higher concentration of solutes than the protozoan. 
D) is hypertonic to the protozoan.

Question 16

The molecules responsible for membrane transport are

Accepted Answer

A) steroids. 
B) phospholipids. 
C) carbohydrates. 
D) proteins. 
A) steroids. 
B) phospholipids. 
C) carbohydrates. 
D) proteins.

Question 17

When two aqueous solutions that differ in solute concentration are placed on either side of a semipermeable membrane and osmosis is allowed to take place, the water will

Accepted Answer

A) exhibit a net movement to the side with lower free water concentration. 
B) exhibit a net movement to the side with higher free water concentration. 
C) exhibit a net movement to the side with lower solute concentration. 
D) exhibit an equal movement in both directions across the membrane. 
A) exhibit a net movement to the side with lower free water concentration. 
B) exhibit a net movement to the side with higher free water concentration. 
C) exhibit a net movement to the side with lower solute concentration. 
D) exhibit an equal movement in both directions across the membrane.

Question 18

Phagocytosis is to eating as pinocytosis is to

Accepted Answer

A) osmosis. 
B) drinking. 
C) chewing. 
D) lysis. 
A) osmosis. 
B) drinking. 
C) chewing. 
D) lysis.

Question 19

ATP can be used as the cell's energy exchange mechanism because

Accepted Answer

A) endergonic reactions can be fueled by coupling them with the formation of ATP from ADP. 
B) ATP is the most energy-rich small molecule in the cell. 
C) endergonic reactions can be fueled by coupling them with the hydrolysis of high-energy phosphate bonds in ATP. 
D) ATP is a disposable form of chemical energy, used once and then discarded by the cell. 
A) endergonic reactions can be fueled by coupling them with the formation of ATP from ADP. 
B) ATP is the most energy-rich small molecule in the cell. 
C) endergonic reactions can be fueled by coupling them with the hydrolysis of high-energy phosphate bonds in ATP. 
D) ATP is a disposable form of chemical energy, used once and then discarded by the cell.

Question 20

If placed in tap water, an animal cell will undergo lysis, whereas a plant cell will not. What accounts for this difference?

Accepted Answer

A) the expulsion of water by the plant cell's central vacuole 
B) the relative impermeability of the plant cell wall to water 
C) the fact that plant cells are isotonic to tap water 
D) the relative inelasticity and strength of the plant cell wall 
A) the expulsion of water by the plant cell's central vacuole 
B) the relative impermeability of the plant cell wall to water 
C) the fact that plant cells are isotonic to tap water 
D) the relative inelasticity and strength of the plant cell wall

Exam 5: The Working Cell

Anything that prevents ATP formation will most likely

In the lab, you use a special balloon that is permeable to water but not sucrose to make an "artificial cell." The balloon is filled with a solution of 20% sucrose and 80% water and is immersed in a beaker containing a solution of 40% sucrose and 60% water. Which of the following will occur?

Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires ________ and moves a substance ________ its concentration gradient.

According to ________, energy cannot be created or destroyed.

Oxygen crosses a plasma membrane by

The transfer of a phosphate group to a molecule or compound is called

Which of the following processes is classified as a metabolic pathway?

Which characteristic promoted the utilization of lipids as the first cell membrane?

When a cell uses chemical energy to perform work, it uses the energy released from a(n)________ reaction to drive a(n)________ reaction.

Which of the following statements is true for all types of passive transport?

Living systems

Which of the following statements regarding membrane function is false?

The energy required to initiate an exergonic reaction is called

Aquaporins

Some protozoans have special organelles called contractile vacuoles that continually eliminate excess water from the cell. The presence of these organelles tells you that the environment

The molecules responsible for membrane transport are

When two aqueous solutions that differ in solute concentration are placed on either side of a semipermeable membrane and osmosis is allowed to take place, the water will

Phagocytosis is to eating as pinocytosis is to

ATP can be used as the cell's energy exchange mechanism because

If placed in tap water, an animal cell will undergo lysis, whereas a plant cell will not. What accounts for this difference?

Biology: Exploring Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

The Molecules of Cells

A Tour of the Cell

How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

The Cellular Basis of Reproduction and Inheritance

Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology and Genomics

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

Tracing Evolutionary History

Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists

The Evolution of Plant and Fungal Diversity

The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity

The Evolution of Vertebrate Diversity

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Gas Exchange

Circulation

the Immune System

Control of Body Temperature and Water Balance

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Nervous Systems

the Senses

How Animals Move

Plant Structure, Growth, and Reproduction

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Control Systems in Plants

the Biosphere: an Introduction to Earths Diverse Environments

Behavioral Adaptations to the Environment

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Conservation Biology

Filters

Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires and moves a substance its concentration gradient.

When a cell uses chemical energy to perform work, it uses the energy released from a(n) reaction to drive a(n) reaction.