Question 1

Figure 23-1 The Upper Airways
Use Figure 23-1 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the structure labeled "2."

Accepted Answer

A) olfactory organ 
B) oropharynx 
C) nasopharynx 
D) internal nares 
E) nasal sinus 
A) olfactory organ 
B) oropharynx 
C) nasopharynx 
D) internal nares 
E) nasal sinus

Question 2

Figure 23-2 Mechanics of Ventilation
Use Figure 23-2 to answer the following questions:
-Which muscle(s)produce(s)the movement labeled "1"?

Accepted Answer

A) rectus abdominis 
B) internal intercostals 
C) external intercostals 
D) diaphragm 
E) both rectus abdominis and external intercostals 
A) rectus abdominis 
B) internal intercostals 
C) external intercostals 
D) diaphragm 
E) both rectus abdominis and external intercostals

Question 3

The partial pressure of carbon dioxide in venous blood is approximately

Accepted Answer

A) 40 mm Hg. 
B) 45 mm Hg. 
C) 50 mm Hg. 
D) 70 mm Hg. 
E) 100 mm Hg. 
A) 40 mm Hg. 
B) 45 mm Hg. 
C) 50 mm Hg. 
D) 70 mm Hg. 
E) 100 mm Hg.

Question 4

Decompression sickness is a painful condition that develops when a person is exposed to a sudden drop in atmospheric pressure.Bubbles of ________ gas are responsible for the problem.

Accepted Answer

A) nitrogen 
B) oxygen 
C) carbon dioxide 
D) helium 
E) carbon monoxide 
A) nitrogen 
B) oxygen 
C) carbon dioxide 
D) helium 
E) carbon monoxide

Question 5

Which of the following factors would increase the amount of oxygen discharged by hemoglobin to peripheral tissues?

Accepted Answer

A) decreased temperature 
B) decreased pH 
C) increased tissue PO₂ 
D) decreased amounts of DPG 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) decreased temperature 
B) decreased pH 
C) increased tissue PO₂ 
D) decreased amounts of DPG 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 6

The interlobular septa divide the lungs into

Accepted Answer

A) lobes. 
B) pulmonary lobules. 
C) alveolar sacs. 
D) vital capacity and residual volume. 
E) visceral pleura and fibrous trabeculae. 
A) lobes. 
B) pulmonary lobules. 
C) alveolar sacs. 
D) vital capacity and residual volume. 
E) visceral pleura and fibrous trabeculae.

Question 7

The term hypercapnia refers to

Accepted Answer

A) the cessation of breathing. 
B) elevated PCO₂. 
C) elevated PO₂. 
D) an increase in pH. 
E) labored breathing. 
A) the cessation of breathing. 
B) elevated PCO₂. 
C) elevated PO₂. 
D) an increase in pH. 
E) labored breathing.

Question 8

The vocal folds are located within the

Accepted Answer

A) nasopharynx. 
B) oropharynx. 
C) larynx. 
D) trachea. 
E) bronchi. 
A) nasopharynx. 
B) oropharynx. 
C) larynx. 
D) trachea. 
E) bronchi.

Question 9

When the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract,

Accepted Answer

A) the volume of the thorax increases. 
B) the volume of the thorax decreases. 
C) the volume of the lungs decreases. 
D) the lungs shrink. 
E) expiration occurs. 
A) the volume of the thorax increases. 
B) the volume of the thorax decreases. 
C) the volume of the lungs decreases. 
D) the lungs shrink. 
E) expiration occurs.

Question 10

Air entering the body is filtered,warmed,and humidified by the

Accepted Answer

A) upper respiratory tract. 
B) lower respiratory tract. 
C) lungs. 
D) alveoli. 
E) bronchioles. 
A) upper respiratory tract. 
B) lower respiratory tract. 
C) lungs. 
D) alveoli. 
E) bronchioles.

Question 11

The normal rate and depth of breathing is established by the ________ center(s).

Accepted Answer

A) apneustic 
B) pneumotaxic 
C) DRG and VRG 
D) expiratory 
E) ventral respiratory 
A) apneustic 
B) pneumotaxic 
C) DRG and VRG 
D) expiratory 
E) ventral respiratory

Question 12

All of the following provide chemoreceptor input to the respiratory centers of the medulla oblongata except the

Accepted Answer

A) olfactory epithelium. 
B) medullary chemoreceptors. 
C) aortic body. 
D) carotid body. 
A) olfactory epithelium. 
B) medullary chemoreceptors. 
C) aortic body. 
D) carotid body.

Question 13

During a choking episode,most foreign objects are lodged in the ________ bronchus due to its larger diameter and steeper angle.

Accepted Answer

A) right primary 
B) left primary 
C) right secondary 
D) left secondary 
E) medial 
A) right primary 
B) left primary 
C) right secondary 
D) left secondary 
E) medial

Question 14

The right lung is to ________ as the left lung is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A) three lobes; two lobes 
B) two lobes; two lobes 
C) two lobes; three lobes 
D) three lobes; three lobes 
E) four lobes; three lobes 
A) three lobes; two lobes 
B) two lobes; two lobes 
C) two lobes; three lobes 
D) three lobes; three lobes 
E) four lobes; three lobes

Question 15

Ralph is taking scuba diving classes and is warned not to hold his breath when ascending from depth but to continuously release air from his mouth.What is the basis of this instruction and what is the risk if it is ignored?

Accepted Answer

When breathing underwater with scuba equ

Question 16

The normal respiratory rate of a resting adult ranges from ________ breaths each minute,or roughly one for every four heartbeats.

Accepted Answer

A) 6 - 10 
B) 8 - 14 
C) 10 - 15 
D) 12 - 18 
E) 18 - 22 
A) 6 - 10 
B) 8 - 14 
C) 10 - 15 
D) 12 - 18 
E) 18 - 22

Question 17

Tension on the vocal cords is regulated by the

Accepted Answer

A) movement of the arytenoid cartilages. 
B) extrinsic ligaments. 
C) contraction of laryngeal muscles. 
D) movement of the arytenoid cartilages and contraction of laryngeal muscles. 
E) extrinsic and intrinsic ligaments. 
A) movement of the arytenoid cartilages. 
B) extrinsic ligaments. 
C) contraction of laryngeal muscles. 
D) movement of the arytenoid cartilages and contraction of laryngeal muscles. 
E) extrinsic and intrinsic ligaments.

Question 18

Increasing the alveolar ventilation rate will

Accepted Answer

A) decrease the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the alveoli. 
B) decrease the rate of oxygen diffusion from the alveoli to the blood. 
C) increase the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the alveoli. 
D) decrease the rate of carbon dioxide diffusion from the blood to the alveoli. 
E) hardly affect either the partial pressure or diffusion of gases. 
A) decrease the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the alveoli. 
B) decrease the rate of oxygen diffusion from the alveoli to the blood. 
C) increase the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the alveoli. 
D) decrease the rate of carbon dioxide diffusion from the blood to the alveoli. 
E) hardly affect either the partial pressure or diffusion of gases.

Question 19

The ________ is shared by the respiratory and digestive systems.

Accepted Answer

A) pharynx 
B) esophagus 
C) trachea 
D) windpipe 
E) right mainstem bronchus 
A) pharynx 
B) esophagus 
C) trachea 
D) windpipe 
E) right mainstem bronchus

Question 20

About 70% of carbon dioxide is transported in deoxygenated blood

Accepted Answer

A) as dissolved CO2 in the blood plasma. 
B) as bicarbonate ions bound to hemoglobin in red blood cells. 
C) combined with hemoglobin as carbaminohemoglobin. 
D) as bicarbonate ions in the blood plasma. 
E) as carbonic acid in the red blood cells. 
A) as dissolved CO2 in the blood plasma. 
B) as bicarbonate ions bound to hemoglobin in red blood cells. 
C) combined with hemoglobin as carbaminohemoglobin. 
D) as bicarbonate ions in the blood plasma. 
E) as carbonic acid in the red blood cells.

Exam 23: The Respiratory System

Figure 23-1 The Upper Airways Use Figure 23-1 to answer the following questions: -Identify the structure labeled "2."

Figure 23-2 Mechanics of Ventilation Use Figure 23-2 to answer the following questions: -Which muscle(s)produce(s)the movement labeled "1"?

The partial pressure of carbon dioxide in venous blood is approximately

Decompression sickness is a painful condition that develops when a person is exposed to a sudden drop in atmospheric pressure.Bubbles of ________ gas are responsible for the problem.

Which of the following factors would increase the amount of oxygen discharged by hemoglobin to peripheral tissues?

The interlobular septa divide the lungs into

The term hypercapnia refers to

The vocal folds are located within the

When the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract,

Air entering the body is filtered,warmed,and humidified by the

The normal rate and depth of breathing is established by the ________ center(s).

All of the following provide chemoreceptor input to the respiratory centers of the medulla oblongata except the

During a choking episode,most foreign objects are lodged in the ________ bronchus due to its larger diameter and steeper angle.

The right lung is to ________ as the left lung is to ________.

Ralph is taking scuba diving classes and is warned not to hold his breath when ascending from depth but to continuously release air from his mouth.What is the basis of this instruction and what is the risk if it is ignored?

The normal respiratory rate of a resting adult ranges from ________ breaths each minute,or roughly one for every four heartbeats.

Tension on the vocal cords is regulated by the

Increasing the alveolar ventilation rate will

The ________ is shared by the respiratory and digestive systems.

About 70% of carbon dioxide is transported in deoxygenated blood

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Neural Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

Filters

The right lung is to as the left lung is to .