Question 1

The respiratory defense system is important because it

Accepted Answer

A) helps filter the air. 
B) helps warm the air. 
C) keeps out debris. 
D) keeps out pathogens. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) helps filter the air. 
B) helps warm the air. 
C) keeps out debris. 
D) keeps out pathogens. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 2

The ________ is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

Accepted Answer

A) nasopharynx 
B) trachea 
C) oropharynx 
D) larynx 
E) nasal cavity 
A) nasopharynx 
B) trachea 
C) oropharynx 
D) larynx 
E) nasal cavity

Question 3

Which of the following changes does not occur at birth when an infant takes his or her first breaths?

Accepted Answer

A) Blood flow to the lungs decreases. 
B) The resistance in the pulmonary arteries decreases. 
C) Changes in blood flow cause the foramen ovale to close. 
D) Air enters the alveoli. 
E) Gas diffuses across the alveolar-capillary membrane. 
A) Blood flow to the lungs decreases. 
B) The resistance in the pulmonary arteries decreases. 
C) Changes in blood flow cause the foramen ovale to close. 
D) Air enters the alveoli. 
E) Gas diffuses across the alveolar-capillary membrane.

Question 4

Contraction of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles can

Accepted Answer

A) move the cricoid cartilage. 
B) close the glottis. 
C) constrict the trachea. 
D) move food from the larynx to the esophagus. 
E) assist in breathing during exercise. 
A) move the cricoid cartilage. 
B) close the glottis. 
C) constrict the trachea. 
D) move food from the larynx to the esophagus. 
E) assist in breathing during exercise.

Question 5

At a PO₂ of 70 mm Hg and normal temperature and pH,hemoglobin is ________ percent saturated with oxygen.

Accepted Answer

A) 10 
B) 25 
C) 50 
D) 75 
E) more than 90 
A) 10 
B) 25 
C) 50 
D) 75 
E) more than 90

Question 6

The larynx contains ________ cartilages.

Accepted Answer

A) 14 
B) 6 
C) 9 
D) 2 
E) 5 
A) 14 
B) 6 
C) 9 
D) 2 
E) 5

Question 7

The portion of the pharynx that receives both air and food is the

Accepted Answer

A) nasopharynx. 
B) oropharynx. 
C) esophageal pharynx. 
D) aeropharynx. 
E) internal pharynx. 
A) nasopharynx. 
B) oropharynx. 
C) esophageal pharynx. 
D) aeropharynx. 
E) internal pharynx.

Question 8

The nasal cavity,pharynx,and larynx constitute the ________ portion of the airway.

Accepted Answer

A) conducting 
B) exchange 
C) respiratory 
D) sinus 
E) primary 
A) conducting 
B) exchange 
C) respiratory 
D) sinus 
E) primary

Question 9

The Hering-Breuer reflex

Accepted Answer

A) functions to increase ventilation with changes in blood pressure. 
B) alters pulmonary ventilation when the PO₂ changes. 
C) alters pulmonary ventilation when the PCO₂ changes. 
D) protects the lungs from damage due to overinflation. 
E) is an important aspect of normal,quiet breathing. 
A) functions to increase ventilation with changes in blood pressure. 
B) alters pulmonary ventilation when the PO₂ changes. 
C) alters pulmonary ventilation when the PCO₂ changes. 
D) protects the lungs from damage due to overinflation. 
E) is an important aspect of normal,quiet breathing.

Question 10

Which of the following organs is not part of the lower respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

A) pharynx 
B) trachea 
C) larynx 
D) bronchi 
E) alveoli 
A) pharynx 
B) trachea 
C) larynx 
D) bronchi 
E) alveoli

Question 11

Boyle's law of gases states that

Accepted Answer

A) the pressure and volume of a gas are equal. 
B) as the temperature goes up,the pressure goes up. 
C) the total gas pressure is equal to the sum of the partial pressures. 
D) the concentration of dissolved gas is proportional to its partial pressure. 
E) if the volume goes up,the pressure goes down. 
A) the pressure and volume of a gas are equal. 
B) as the temperature goes up,the pressure goes up. 
C) the total gas pressure is equal to the sum of the partial pressures. 
D) the concentration of dissolved gas is proportional to its partial pressure. 
E) if the volume goes up,the pressure goes down.

Question 12

The process by which dissolved gases are exchanged between the blood and interstitial fluids is

Accepted Answer

A) pulmonary ventilation. 
B) external respiration. 
C) internal respiration. 
D) cellular respiration. 
E) breathing. 
A) pulmonary ventilation. 
B) external respiration. 
C) internal respiration. 
D) cellular respiration. 
E) breathing.

Question 13

Tuberculosis results from an infection by the bacterium

Accepted Answer

A) Clostridium difficile. 
B) Staphylococcus aureus. 
C) Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 
D) Vancomycin-resistant streptococcus. 
E) Tuberculin plumonae. 
A) Clostridium difficile. 
B) Staphylococcus aureus. 
C) Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 
D) Vancomycin-resistant streptococcus. 
E) Tuberculin plumonae.

Question 14

What is one atmosphere of pressure?

Accepted Answer

A) 760 mm Hg 
B) 1000 mm Hg 
C) 105 mm Hg 
D) 45 mm Hg 
E) 650 mm Hg 
A) 760 mm Hg 
B) 1000 mm Hg 
C) 105 mm Hg 
D) 45 mm Hg 
E) 650 mm Hg

Question 15

Boyle's law states that the pressure of a gas is

Accepted Answer

A) inversely proportional to the volume of its container. 
B) always higher in the atmosphere than in the lungs. 
C) directly proportional to temperature. 
D) inversely proportional to temperature. 
E) directly proportional to the volume of its container. 
A) inversely proportional to the volume of its container. 
B) always higher in the atmosphere than in the lungs. 
C) directly proportional to temperature. 
D) inversely proportional to temperature. 
E) directly proportional to the volume of its container.

Question 16

The adult human trachea is about ________ in diameter and contains ________ tracheal cartilages.

Accepted Answer

A) 1)0 cm; 15-20 
B) 1)0 cm; 10-15 
C) 2)5 cm; 15-20 
D) 2)5 cm; 40-50 
E) 4)5 cm; 60-80 
A) 1)0 cm; 15-20 
B) 1)0 cm; 10-15 
C) 2)5 cm; 15-20 
D) 2)5 cm; 40-50 
E) 4)5 cm; 60-80

Question 17

The common passageway shared by the respiratory and digestive systems is the

Accepted Answer

A) larynx. 
B) glottis. 
C) vestibule. 
D) pharynx. 
E) trachea. 
A) larynx. 
B) glottis. 
C) vestibule. 
D) pharynx. 
E) trachea.

Question 18

The obstructive lung disease in which connective tissues are lost,alveolar surfaces are damaged,and the respiratory surface is reduced is called

Accepted Answer

A) asthma. 
B) bronchitis. 
C) emphysema. 
D) tuberculosis. 
E) pneumonia. 
A) asthma. 
B) bronchitis. 
C) emphysema. 
D) tuberculosis. 
E) pneumonia.

Question 19

Tina is singing a song.At a certain point in the song,she forces a large volume of air out of the glottis and at the same time increases the tension on her vocal cords.The sound that she produces is

Accepted Answer

A) low pitched and loud. 
B) high pitched and loud. 
C) low pitched and soft. 
D) high pitched and soft. 
E) medium pitched and soft. 
A) low pitched and loud. 
B) high pitched and loud. 
C) low pitched and soft. 
D) high pitched and soft. 
E) medium pitched and soft.

Question 20

The percent of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin when the pH is 7.6 is

Accepted Answer

A) greater than the percent of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin when the pH is 7.2. 
B) less than the percent of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin when the pH is 7.2. 
C) equal to the percent of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin when the pH is 7.2. 
D) equal to the percent of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin when the pH is 7.4. 
E) None of the answers is correct. 
A) greater than the percent of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin when the pH is 7.2. 
B) less than the percent of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin when the pH is 7.2. 
C) equal to the percent of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin when the pH is 7.2. 
D) equal to the percent of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin when the pH is 7.4. 
E) None of the answers is correct.

Exam 23: The Respiratory System

The respiratory defense system is important because it

The ________ is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

Which of the following changes does not occur at birth when an infant takes his or her first breaths?

Contraction of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles can

At a PO₂ of 70 mm Hg and normal temperature and pH,hemoglobin is ________ percent saturated with oxygen.

The larynx contains ________ cartilages.

The portion of the pharynx that receives both air and food is the

The nasal cavity,pharynx,and larynx constitute the ________ portion of the airway.

The Hering-Breuer reflex

Which of the following organs is not part of the lower respiratory system?

Boyle's law of gases states that

The process by which dissolved gases are exchanged between the blood and interstitial fluids is

Tuberculosis results from an infection by the bacterium

What is one atmosphere of pressure?

Boyle's law states that the pressure of a gas is

The adult human trachea is about ________ in diameter and contains ________ tracheal cartilages.

The common passageway shared by the respiratory and digestive systems is the

The obstructive lung disease in which connective tissues are lost,alveolar surfaces are damaged,and the respiratory surface is reduced is called

Tina is singing a song.At a certain point in the song,she forces a large volume of air out of the glottis and at the same time increases the tension on her vocal cords.The sound that she produces is

The percent of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin when the pH is 7.6 is

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Neural Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

Filters

The adult human trachea is about in diameter and contains tracheal cartilages.