Question 1

Each of the following is a normal constituent of urine,except

Accepted Answer

A) hydrogen ions. 
B) urea. 
C) proteins. 
D) amino acids. 
E) creatinine. 
A) hydrogen ions. 
B) urea. 
C) proteins. 
D) amino acids. 
E) creatinine.

Question 2

Agents that increase urine excretion are known as

Accepted Answer

A) diuretics. 
B) muscarinic antagonists. 
C) alpha-1 antagonists. 
D) calcium channel blockers. 
E) ADH agonists. 
A) diuretics. 
B) muscarinic antagonists. 
C) alpha-1 antagonists. 
D) calcium channel blockers. 
E) ADH agonists.

Question 3

The portion of the nephron that empties into the collecting duct is the

Accepted Answer

A) nephron loop (loop of Henle). 
B) proximal convoluted tubule. 
C) distal convoluted tubule. 
D) papillary tubule. 
E) calyx. 
A) nephron loop (loop of Henle). 
B) proximal convoluted tubule. 
C) distal convoluted tubule. 
D) papillary tubule. 
E) calyx.

Question 4

If a urine sample is distinctly yellow in color,which of the following will be true?

Accepted Answer

A) Its pH is below normal. 
B) It will have the odor of ammonia. 
C) It will contain large amounts of urobilin. 
D) It will contain excess chloride ion. 
E) It will have a low pH. 
A) Its pH is below normal. 
B) It will have the odor of ammonia. 
C) It will contain large amounts of urobilin. 
D) It will contain excess chloride ion. 
E) It will have a low pH.

Question 5

Figure 26-1 The Structure of the Kidney
Use Figure 26-1 to answer the following question:
-Identify the structure labeled "9."

Accepted Answer

A) renal sinus 
B) fibrous capsule 
C) renal pyramid 
D) renal papilla 
E) renal column 
A) renal sinus 
B) fibrous capsule 
C) renal pyramid 
D) renal papilla 
E) renal column

Question 6

Filtrate in the proximal convoluted tubule normally contains

Accepted Answer

A) hydrogen ions. 
B) water. 
C) nutrients. 
D) urea. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) hydrogen ions. 
B) water. 
C) nutrients. 
D) urea. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 7

________ is/are an inflammatory disorder of the glomeruli that affects the filtration mechanism of the kidneys.

Accepted Answer

A) Glomerulonephritis 
B) Floating kidney 
C) Polycystic kidney disease 
D) Pyelonephrosis 
E) Kidney stones 
A) Glomerulonephritis 
B) Floating kidney 
C) Polycystic kidney disease 
D) Pyelonephrosis 
E) Kidney stones

Question 8

In response to increased levels of aldosterone,the kidneys produce

Accepted Answer

A) a larger volume of urine. 
B) urine with a higher concentration of sodium ions. 
C) urine with a lower concentration of potassium ions. 
D) urine with a lower concentration of sodium ions. 
E) urine with less glucose. 
A) a larger volume of urine. 
B) urine with a higher concentration of sodium ions. 
C) urine with a lower concentration of potassium ions. 
D) urine with a lower concentration of sodium ions. 
E) urine with less glucose.

Question 9

Figure 26-2 The Nephron
Use Figure 26-2 to answer the following question:
-Where does countercurrent multiplication occur?

Accepted Answer

A) 6 
B) 5 
C) 4 
D) 3 
E) 2 
A) 6 
B) 5 
C) 4 
D) 3 
E) 2

Question 10

Sympathetic stimulation of the kidney can do all of the following,except

Accepted Answer

A) produce powerful vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles. 
B) increase the glomerular filtration rate. 
C) trigger renin release. 
D) produce renal ischemia. 
E) reduce blood flow to kidneys. 
A) produce powerful vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles. 
B) increase the glomerular filtration rate. 
C) trigger renin release. 
D) produce renal ischemia. 
E) reduce blood flow to kidneys.

Question 11

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term calyx?

Accepted Answer

A) releases renin 
B) creates high interstitial NaCl concentration 
C) final urine enters here 
D) initial filtrate enters here 
E) tip of the medullary pyramid 
A) releases renin 
B) creates high interstitial NaCl concentration 
C) final urine enters here 
D) initial filtrate enters here 
E) tip of the medullary pyramid

Question 12

Physicians often ask for urine samples collected over a 24-hour period,rather than a single sample.Why?

Accepted Answer

Often the information needed for a diagn

Question 13

Glomerulonephritis may occur as a consequence of an infection with the bacterium

Accepted Answer

A) Clostridium difficile. 
B) varicella. 
C) Streptococcus. 
D) MRSA. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) Clostridium difficile. 
B) varicella. 
C) Streptococcus. 
D) MRSA. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 14

Secretion of hydrogen ion by the PCT is by the process of

Accepted Answer

A) diffusion. 
B) facilitated diffusion. 
C) active transport. 
D) cotransport. 
E) countertransport. 
A) diffusion. 
B) facilitated diffusion. 
C) active transport. 
D) cotransport. 
E) countertransport.

Question 15

The efferent arteriole of a nephron divides to form a network of capillaries within the cortex called the ________ capillaries.

Accepted Answer

A) peritubular 
B) glomerular 
C) vasa recta 
D) cortical 
E) efferent 
A) peritubular 
B) glomerular 
C) vasa recta 
D) cortical 
E) efferent

Question 16

When the level of ADH (antidiuretic hormone)decreases,

Accepted Answer

A) a concentrated urine is produced. 
B) less urine is produced. 
C) the osmolarity of the urine decreases. 
D) permeability to water in the collecting system increases. 
E) water reabsorption increases in the loop of Henle. 
A) a concentrated urine is produced. 
B) less urine is produced. 
C) the osmolarity of the urine decreases. 
D) permeability to water in the collecting system increases. 
E) water reabsorption increases in the loop of Henle.

Question 17

The condition called ________ is especially dangerous because the ureters or renal blood vessels can become twisted or kinked during movement.

Accepted Answer

A) polycystic kidney disease 
B) floating kidney 
C) pyelonephritis 
D) renal calculi 
E) renal failure 
A) polycystic kidney disease 
B) floating kidney 
C) pyelonephritis 
D) renal calculi 
E) renal failure

Question 18

The urinary system regulates blood volume and pressure by

Accepted Answer

A) adjusting the volume of water lost in urine. 
B) releasing erythropoietin. 
C) releasing renin. 
D) regulating NaCl levels in the blood. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) adjusting the volume of water lost in urine. 
B) releasing erythropoietin. 
C) releasing renin. 
D) regulating NaCl levels in the blood. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 19

Glomerular (Bowman's)capsule and the glomerulus make up the

Accepted Answer

A) renal pyramid. 
B) nephron loop (loop of Henle). 
C) renal corpuscle. 
D) renal papilla. 
E) collecting tubule system. 
A) renal pyramid. 
B) nephron loop (loop of Henle). 
C) renal corpuscle. 
D) renal papilla. 
E) collecting tubule system.

Question 20

The ________ is a capillary plexus that parallels the nephron loop (loop of Henle).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ is a capillary plexus that...

Exam 26: The Urinary System

Each of the following is a normal constituent of urine,except

Agents that increase urine excretion are known as

The portion of the nephron that empties into the collecting duct is the

If a urine sample is distinctly yellow in color,which of the following will be true?

Figure 26-1 The Structure of the Kidney Use Figure 26-1 to answer the following question: -Identify the structure labeled "9."

Filtrate in the proximal convoluted tubule normally contains

________ is/are an inflammatory disorder of the glomeruli that affects the filtration mechanism of the kidneys.

In response to increased levels of aldosterone,the kidneys produce

Figure 26-2 The Nephron Use Figure 26-2 to answer the following question: -Where does countercurrent multiplication occur?

Sympathetic stimulation of the kidney can do all of the following,except

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term calyx?

Physicians often ask for urine samples collected over a 24-hour period,rather than a single sample.Why?

Glomerulonephritis may occur as a consequence of an infection with the bacterium

Secretion of hydrogen ion by the PCT is by the process of

The efferent arteriole of a nephron divides to form a network of capillaries within the cortex called the ________ capillaries.

When the level of ADH (antidiuretic hormone)decreases,

The condition called ________ is especially dangerous because the ureters or renal blood vessels can become twisted or kinked during movement.

The urinary system regulates blood volume and pressure by

Glomerular (Bowman's)capsule and the glomerulus make up the

The ________ is a capillary plexus that parallels the nephron loop (loop of Henle).

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Articulations

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Neural Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Neural Integration I: Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

Neural Integration Ii: the Autonomic Nervous System and

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

Fluid, electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

Filters