Question 1

Capillaries that surround the proximal convoluted tubules are

Accepted Answer

A) proximal capillaries. 
B) corticoradiate capillaries. 
C) vasa recta capillaries. 
D) efferent arterioles. 
E) peritubular capillaries. 
A) proximal capillaries. 
B) corticoradiate capillaries. 
C) vasa recta capillaries. 
D) efferent arterioles. 
E) peritubular capillaries.

Question 2

Antidiuretic hormone

Accepted Answer

A) increases the permeability of the collecting ducts to water. 
B) is secreted in response to low potassium ion in the blood. 
C) causes the kidneys to produce a larger volume of very dilute urine. 
D) is secreted by the anterior pituitary. 
E) release is insensitive to the osmolarity of interstitial fluid. 
A) increases the permeability of the collecting ducts to water. 
B) is secreted in response to low potassium ion in the blood. 
C) causes the kidneys to produce a larger volume of very dilute urine. 
D) is secreted by the anterior pituitary. 
E) release is insensitive to the osmolarity of interstitial fluid.

Question 3

Chloride ion is reabsorbed in the thick ascending limb by

Accepted Answer

A) simple diffusion. 
B) facilitated diffusion. 
C) active transport. 
D) cotransport with Na and K ions. 
E) countertransport for bicarbonate ion. 
A) simple diffusion. 
B) facilitated diffusion. 
C) active transport. 
D) cotransport with Na and K ions. 
E) countertransport for bicarbonate ion.

Question 4

A glomerulus is

Accepted Answer

A) the expanded end of a nephron. 
B) a knot of capillaries within the renal corpuscle. 
C) the source of erythropoietin. 
D) attached to the collecting duct. 
E) the horseshoe-shaped segment of the nephron. 
A) the expanded end of a nephron. 
B) a knot of capillaries within the renal corpuscle. 
C) the source of erythropoietin. 
D) attached to the collecting duct. 
E) the horseshoe-shaped segment of the nephron.

Question 5

What is the creatinine clearance test? How can it be used to estimate GFR? How accurate is it?

Accepted Answer

This test relies on measuring total crea

Question 6

The ________ delivers urine to a minor calyx.

Accepted Answer

A) nephron loop (loop of Henle) 
B) distal convoluted tubule 
C) papillary duct 
D) renal corpuscle 
E) ureter 
A) nephron loop (loop of Henle) 
B) distal convoluted tubule 
C) papillary duct 
D) renal corpuscle 
E) ureter

Question 7

A drug that inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)may lead to

Accepted Answer

A) less secretion of aldosterone. 
B) increased urinary loss of sodium. 
C) reduction of blood pressure. 
D) decreased sodium reabsorption. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) less secretion of aldosterone. 
B) increased urinary loss of sodium. 
C) reduction of blood pressure. 
D) decreased sodium reabsorption. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 8

One mechanism the kidney uses to raise systemic blood pressure is to

Accepted Answer

A) increase secretion of renin by the juxtaglomerular complex. 
B) decrease secretion of aldosterone. 
C) increase release of angiotensin II by the suprarenal glands. 
D) increase filtration into glomerular (Bowman's)capsule. 
E) decrease urinary albumin concentration. 
A) increase secretion of renin by the juxtaglomerular complex. 
B) decrease secretion of aldosterone. 
C) increase release of angiotensin II by the suprarenal glands. 
D) increase filtration into glomerular (Bowman's)capsule. 
E) decrease urinary albumin concentration.

Question 9

Filtrate first passes from the glomerular capsule to the

Accepted Answer

A) nephron loop (loop of Henle). 
B) proximal convoluted tubule. 
C) distal convoluted tubule. 
D) collecting duct. 
E) minor calyx. 
A) nephron loop (loop of Henle). 
B) proximal convoluted tubule. 
C) distal convoluted tubule. 
D) collecting duct. 
E) minor calyx.

Question 10

The filtration pressure at the glomerulus is equal to ________.

Accepted Answer

blood hydrostatic pr

Question 11

Renal blood flow is about

Accepted Answer

A) 1 liter/min. 
B) 2 liter/min. 
C) 3 liter/min. 
D) 4 liter/min. 
E) 5 liter/min. 
A) 1 liter/min. 
B) 2 liter/min. 
C) 3 liter/min. 
D) 4 liter/min. 
E) 5 liter/min.

Question 12

The thick ascending limb of the nephron loop (loop of Henle)is almost impermeable to water,but reabsorbs sodium,potassium,and chloride ions from the filtrate.

Accepted Answer

A) The first statement is true but the second statement is false. 
B) The first statement is false but the second statement is true. 
C) Both statements are true. 
D) Both statements are false. 
E) Both are true and relate to production of a dilute urine. 
A) The first statement is true but the second statement is false. 
B) The first statement is false but the second statement is true. 
C) Both statements are true. 
D) Both statements are false. 
E) Both are true and relate to production of a dilute urine.

Question 13

The outermost layer of the kidney is the

Accepted Answer

A) renal cortex. 
B) renal medulla. 
C) major calyx. 
D) fibrous capsule. 
E) renal pelvis. 
A) renal cortex. 
B) renal medulla. 
C) major calyx. 
D) fibrous capsule. 
E) renal pelvis.

Question 14

urinary bladder hydrostatic pressure

Accepted Answer

A) 1,2,and 3 are correct. 
B) 2,3,and 4 are correct. 
C) 3,4,and 5 are correct. 
D) 1,2,and 4 are correct. 
E) 2,4,and 5 are correct. 
A) 1,2,and 3 are correct. 
B) 2,3,and 4 are correct. 
C) 3,4,and 5 are correct. 
D) 1,2,and 4 are correct. 
E) 2,4,and 5 are correct.

Question 15

Blood leaves the glomerulus through a blood vessel called the

Accepted Answer

A) afferent arteriole. 
B) efferent arteriole. 
C) vasa recta. 
D) interlobular arteriole. 
E) renal vein. 
A) afferent arteriole. 
B) efferent arteriole. 
C) vasa recta. 
D) interlobular arteriole. 
E) renal vein.

Question 16

Typical renal blood flow is about ________ ml/min under resting conditions.

Accepted Answer

A) 500 
B) 800 
C) 1200 
D) 1800 
E) 2500 
A) 500 
B) 800 
C) 1200 
D) 1800 
E) 2500

Question 17

The kidneys not only remove waste products from the blood,they also assist in the regulation of

Accepted Answer

A) blood volume. 
B) blood pH. 
C) blood pressure. 
D) blood ion levels. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) blood volume. 
B) blood pH. 
C) blood pressure. 
D) blood ion levels. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 18

Reabsorption of filtered glucose from the lumen in the PCT is largely by means of

Accepted Answer

A) diffusion. 
B) facilitated diffusion. 
C) active transport. 
D) cotransport. 
E) countertransport. 
A) diffusion. 
B) facilitated diffusion. 
C) active transport. 
D) cotransport. 
E) countertransport.

Question 19

Blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP)in the glomerulus is generated by

Accepted Answer

A) blood pressure. 
B) presence of large,non-diffusible proteins in blood plasma. 
C) constriction of the efferent arteriole. 
D) protein in the filtrate. 
E) filtrate in the capsular space. 
A) blood pressure. 
B) presence of large,non-diffusible proteins in blood plasma. 
C) constriction of the efferent arteriole. 
D) protein in the filtrate. 
E) filtrate in the capsular space.

Question 20

The ________ test is often used to estimate the glomerular filtration rate.

Accepted Answer

creatinine

Exam 26: The Urinary System

Capillaries that surround the proximal convoluted tubules are

Antidiuretic hormone

Chloride ion is reabsorbed in the thick ascending limb by

A glomerulus is

What is the creatinine clearance test? How can it be used to estimate GFR? How accurate is it?

The ________ delivers urine to a minor calyx.

A drug that inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)may lead to

One mechanism the kidney uses to raise systemic blood pressure is to

Filtrate first passes from the glomerular capsule to the

The filtration pressure at the glomerulus is equal to ________.

Renal blood flow is about

The thick ascending limb of the nephron loop (loop of Henle)is almost impermeable to water,but reabsorbs sodium,potassium,and chloride ions from the filtrate.

The outermost layer of the kidney is the

urinary bladder hydrostatic pressure

Blood leaves the glomerulus through a blood vessel called the

Typical renal blood flow is about ________ ml/min under resting conditions.

The kidneys not only remove waste products from the blood,they also assist in the regulation of

Reabsorption of filtered glucose from the lumen in the PCT is largely by means of

Blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP)in the glomerulus is generated by

The ________ test is often used to estimate the glomerular filtration rate.

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Articulations

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Neural Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Neural Integration I: Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

Neural Integration Ii: the Autonomic Nervous System and

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

Fluid, electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

Filters